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1 | | The nucleus of an atom contains two types of particles - with a positive charge, and with no charge (are neutral). |
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2 | | The energy shell or barrier of an atom beyond which the electrons usually do not travel is known as its . |
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3 | | In an isotope, the atomic number is the , but its atomic mass is . |
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4 | | The outermost electrons of an atom that are most involved in bonding with other atoms are known as the electrons of the atom. |
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5 | | To complete the second orbital of electrons, the atom of carbon must obtain more electrons from other atoms. |
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6 | | bonds result when atoms share electrons. |
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7 | | The bond between the oxygen and hydrogens within a water molecule are covalent. |
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8 | | Negatively charged ions are called . |
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9 | | Because sodium tends to give up its outermost valence electron to a nearby chlorine atom in solution, sodium chloride (NaCl) is an example of an compound. |
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10 | | When water surrounds ions with concentric layers, (2 words) are formed. |
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11 | | When molecules such as polar molecules are soluble in water, they are said to . |
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12 | | The bonding between water molecules is responsible for many of the physical properties of water, including surface tension and action. |
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13 | | A solution that has a lower H+ concentration than that of water is called . |
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14 | | A solution with a H+ concentration of 10-3 molar has a pH of and is a strong . |
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15 | | A system of molecules and ions that acts to prevent changes in H+ concentration and to stabilize pH is called a . |
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16 | | If the blood pH falls below 7.35, the condition is called . |
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17 | | If two carbon atoms share two pairs of electrons, they form a (2 words) bond. |
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18 | | All organic acids have a functional group located at the end of the molecule. |
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19 | | The enzymes of all cells can combine only with (L- or D-) amino acids and (L- or D-) sugars. |
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20 | | Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides all belong to a class of organic molecules known as . |
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21 | | Starch is to plants, what is to animals. |
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22 | | Sugar molecules are characterized by the suffix - . (3 letters) |
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23 | | Glycogen is made by removing water - a process called condensation or (2 words). |
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24 | | The liver can add glucose to the blood by the stored glycogen. |
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25 | | Dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis do not occur spontaneously, they require the activity of molecules called . |
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26 | | Lipids are characterized by being insoluble in solvents. |
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27 | | Triglycerides are a subcategory of lipids that includes fat and . |
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28 | | Those fatty acids with one or more double covalent bonds in the hydrocarbon chain are said to be fatty acids. |
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29 | | Health authorities recommend that a person's total fat intake not exceed % of the total energy intake per day, and that saturated fat contribute less than %. |
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30 | | Free fatty acids can be used as an immediate source of energy by many tissues; or they can be converted by the liver into byproducts called bodies. |
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31 | | The primary type of lipid in cell membranes are . |
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32 | | When mixed with water, phospholipids arrange themselves into aggregates called . |
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33 | | Cholesterol is the precursor to the class of lipids known as . |
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34 | | The class of lipids implicated in the regulation of blood vessel diameter, ovulation, uterine contraction during labor, inflammation reactions, blood clotting, and many other functions is . |
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35 | | Proteins are assembled from twenty different building blocks called (2 words). |
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36 | | The bond between two adjacent amino acids in a protein is called a bond. |
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37 | | The structure of proteins is easily disrupted by high temperature or by changes in pH. |
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38 | | Cooking an egg changes the clear egg fluid into solid egg white, a process called . |
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39 | | In deoxyribonucleic acid adenine and thymine are linked together by hydrogen bonds while guanine and cytosine are held together by hydrogen bonds. |
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40 | | Guanine and adenine are nitrogenous bases known as . |
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41 | | Thymine and cytosine are nitrogenous bases known as . |
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