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| 1 | |
Plants respond to stimuli like _____. |
| | A) | gravity |
| | B) | temperature changes |
| | C) | light |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 2 | |
The same species exposed to two different sets of stimuli may appear distinctly different from each other. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 3 | |
While animals can change their location as a response to a stimulus, plants change their growth pattern. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 4 | |
Tropisms _____. |
| | A) | are due to differential growth |
| | B) | are responses to multidirectional stimuli |
| | C) | both A and B |
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| 5 | |
Plant growth toward a stimulus is called a _____ tropism. |
| | A) | positive |
| | B) | negative |
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| 6 | |
A movement in response to touch is known as _____. |
| | A) | phototropism |
| | B) | thigmotropism |
| | C) | gravitropism |
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| 7 | |
Negative gravitropism would be upwards growth of the plant away from gravity. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 8 | |
Charles Darwin and his son Francis performed some of the earliest observations of phototropism. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 9 | |
Roots _____. |
| | A) | are insensitive to light |
| | B) | display negative phototropism |
| | C) | both A and B |
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| 10 | |
Auxin stimulates faster elongation of the _____ cells. |
| | A) | bright side |
| | B) | shady side |
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| 11 | |
Curving away from light is called _____. |
| | A) | positive phototropism |
| | B) | positive thigmotropism |
| | C) | negative gravitropism |
| | D) | negative phototropism |
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| 12 | |
Positive phototropism of the stems occurs because the shady side cells elongate faster than the bright side cells. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 13 | |
If the root cap is removed, the plant root still responds to gravity. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 14 | |
In response to stimulation by gravity, auxin _____ the growth of root cells causing the cells of the upper surface to elongate more quickly. |
| | A) | stimulates |
| | B) | inhibits |
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| 15 | |
When an upright plant is placed on its side, the _____. |
| | A) | plant dies |
| | B) | stem continues to develop horizontally |
| | C) | stem bends and grows upwards |
| | D) | stem bends and grows downwards |
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| 16 | |
The sedimentation of _____ are believed to be the mechanism by which roots perceive gravity. |
| | A) | chloroplasts |
| | B) | statoliths |
| | C) | batholiths |
| | D) | ribosomes |
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| 17 | |
Nastic movements _____. |
| | A) | depend on the direction of the stimulus |
| | B) | are independent of the direction of the stimulus |
| | C) | either A or B |
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| 18 | |
The whole plant responds to the environmental stimulus when thigmomorphogenesis takes place. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 19 | |
The coiling of tendrils around a pole are an example of _____. |
| | A) | phototropism |
| | B) | gravitropism |
| | C) | thigmotropism |
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| 20 | |
The leaflets of Mimosa pudica fold when _____ ions move out of the cells. |
| | A) | potassium |
| | B) | calcium |
| | C) | chlorine |
| | D) | magnesium |
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| 21 | |
A nerve-impulse type stimulus is involved in the folding of Mimosa pudica and closing of Venus's-fly traps leaves. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 22 | |
A sleep movement is a _____. |
| | A) | tropism |
| | B) | nastic response |
| | C) | both A and B |
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| 23 | |
A biological rhythm with a _____ cycle is called a circadian rhythm. |
| | A) | 12-hour |
| | B) | 24-hour |
| | C) | 36-hour |
| | D) | 72-hour |
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| 24 | |
Circadian rhythms stop when the appropriate environmental cues are no longer present. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 25 | |
Changes in temperature set the biological clock. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 26 | |
Almost all communication in a plant is done by _____. |
| | A) | neurotransmitters |
| | B) | pheromones |
| | C) | hormones |
| | D) | prostaglandins |
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| 27 | |
Auxin promotes growth by stimulating cell division. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 28 | |
Hormones are synthesized or stored in one part of the plant and may travel in the _____ to another location after reception of the appropriate stimulus. |
| | A) | xylem |
| | B) | phloem |
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| 29 | |
When you prune your plants you remove _____ that was produced by the apical meristem so your plant becomes fuller. |
| | A) | cytokinin |
| | B) | auxin |
| | C) | ethylene |
| | D) | abscisic acid |
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| 30 | |
Auxin produced by the apical meristem stimulates the growth of axillary buds. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 31 | |
Trees can be sprayed with auxin to keep mature fruit from falling to the ground. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 32 | |
Auxin _____. |
| | A) | promotes fruit growth |
| | B) | stimulates positive phototropism |
| | C) | causes roots to develop |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 33 | |
If the tip of a seedling is cut off or covered by a black cap, phototropism will not occur. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 34 | |
Auxin-mediated elongation is observed in _____ cells. |
| | A) | young |
| | B) | mature |
| | C) | both A and B |
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| 35 | |
When a plant is exposed to unidirectional light, auxin _____. |
| | A) | moves to the sunny side cells |
| | B) | binds to receptors in the shady side cells |
| | C) | activates cyclic AMP |
| | D) | stimulates axillary bud development |
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| 36 | |
After auxin binds receptors in the shady side cells, _____. |
| | A) | hydrogen ions are pumped out of the cell |
| | B) | the cell wall becomes acidic and weakens |
| | C) | solutes and water enter the cell causing elongation |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 37 | |
Apical dominance is caused by the production of _____ by the apical meristem. |
| | A) | ethylene |
| | B) | abscisic acid |
| | C) | gibberillin |
| | D) | auxin |
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| 38 | |
Stimulation by auxin causes cell elongation because turgor pressure increases in the cell which stretches the weakened cell wall. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 39 | |
Cell elongation resulting in plant growth is stimulated by _____. |
| | A) | auxin |
| | B) | gibberillin |
| | C) | both A and B |
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| 40 | |
Gibberellins _____. |
| | A) | are growth promoters |
| | B) | stimulate cell division |
| | C) | both A and B |
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| 41 | |
Gibberillin is produced by _____. |
| | A) | young leaves |
| | B) | fruits |
| | C) | roots |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 42 | |
The dormancy of seeds can be broken by applying _____. |
| | A) | auxins |
| | B) | ethylene |
| | C) | gibberillins |
| | D) | abscisic acid |
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| 43 | |
The production of _____ by the embryo stimulates the production of amylase which breaks down starch. |
| | A) | gibberillins |
| | B) | cytokinins |
| | C) | ethylene |
| | D) | abscisic acid |
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| 44 | |
Once gibberillin binds to a receptor in the plasma membrane, _____ binds to a protein called calmodulin. |
| | A) | camp |
| | B) | Ca2+ |
| | C) | ethylene |
| | D) | phytochrome |
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| 45 | |
Amylase breaks down the starch in the endosperm so the growing embryo has sugars for making energy. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 46 | |
Gibberillin binds to the DNA of its target cells and activates the gene that codes for amylase. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 47 | |
When gibberillins are applied externally to plants, the most obvious effect is _____. |
| | A) | phototropism |
| | B) | wilting leaves |
| | C) | leaf drop |
| | D) | stem elongation |
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| 48 | |
Gibberillin was first isolated from a fungus infecting some plants. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 49 | |
An application of gibberillins will break the dormancy of _____. |
| | A) | buds |
| | B) | seeds |
| | C) | both A and B |
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| 50 | |
The hypersensitive response serves to limit the further progression of infection. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 51 | |
Which of the following is a long term plant response? |
| | A) | opening and closing of stomates |
| | B) | the hypersensitive response |
| | C) | gravitropism |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 52 | |
High light stimulates the stomates to close. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 53 | |
Cytokinins _____. |
| | A) | promote cell division |
| | B) | prevent senescence |
| | C) | initiate growth |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 54 | |
Differentiation during development is influenced by _____. |
| | A) | auxin |
| | B) | cytokinin |
| | C) | the interaction of auxin and cytokinin |
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| 55 | |
Cytokinin stimulates growth of _____ buds. |
| | A) | terminal |
| | B) | lateral |
| | C) | both A and B |
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| 56 | |
Senescence affects the entire plant at once. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 57 | |
Which of the following inhibits plant growth? |
| | A) | ethylene |
| | B) | cytokinins |
| | C) | auxins |
| | D) | gibberillin |
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| 58 | |
Ethylene stimulates _____ drop. |
| | A) | fruit |
| | B) | leaf |
| | C) | flower |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 59 | |
The production of abscisic acid stimulates _____ ions to exit the guard cells. |
| | A) | calcium |
| | B) | potassium |
| | C) | sodium |
| | D) | magnesium |
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| 60 | |
The stress hormone of plants is ethylene. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 61 | |
Abscisic acid is produced by _____. |
| | A) | monocot endosperm |
| | B) | roots |
| | C) | green tissue with chloroplasts |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 62 | |
Ethylene stimulates the production of _____. |
| | A) | amylase |
| | B) | cellulase |
| | C) | chlorophyll |
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| 63 | |
The plant hormone responsible for "one rotten apple spoiling the whole bunch" is _____. |
| | A) | auxin |
| | B) | gibberillin |
| | C) | cytokinin |
| | D) | ethylene |
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| 64 | |
Abscisic acid naturally promotes abscission. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 65 | |
Ethylene is produced by _____. |
| | A) | the combustion of kerosene |
| | B) | physically damaged fruit |
| | C) | automobiles |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 66 | |
Seed and bud dormancy are maintained by _____. |
| | A) | abscisic acid |
| | B) | auxin |
| | C) | gibberillin |
| | D) | ethylene |
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| 67 | |
Abscisic acid promotes closure of the stomates so photosynthesis stops. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 68 | |
Fruits which are unripened when they are picked and shipped to market can quickly be ripened by exposure to _____. |
| | A) | ethylene |
| | B) | gibberillin |
| | C) | auxin |
| | D) | cytokinin |
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| 69 | |
Phytochromes are involved in _____. |
| | A) | seed germination |
| | B) | stem growth |
| | C) | flowering |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 70 | |
Which of the following is related to seasonal changes? |
| | A) | the breaking of bud dormancy |
| | B) | the onset of senescence |
| | C) | seed germination |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 71 | |
A long-day plant and a short-day plant can have the same critical length. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 72 | |
The length of the light period is what controls flowering. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 73 | |
If the dark period of a short-day plant is interrupted by a brief flash of white light, the plant will _____. |
| | A) | flower |
| | B) | not flower |
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| 74 | |
Flowering is controlled by a special flowering hormone called florigen. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 75 | |
Plants are able to detect photoperiod changes by the _____. |
| | A) | alternation of the two forms of phytochrome |
| | B) | settling of amyloplasts |
| | C) | direction of the light source |
| | D) | movement of potassium ions |
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| 76 | |
Seedlings that are grown in the dark etiolate, but will grow normally once they are exposed to sunlight. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 77 | |
In some plants, flowering is not dependent on the day length. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 78 | |
In the shade and at sunset, there is more far-red light than red light so phytochrome far-red is converted to phytochrome red as night approaches. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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