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30.1 A coelom
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- A coelom has many advantages: the digestive system can become more complex, coelomic fluid assists body processes and acts as a hydrostatic skeleton.
- In protostomes, the mouth appears at or near the blastopore, the first embryonic opening, and the coelom develops by a splitting of the mesoderm.
| - What are the characteristics of protostomes?
Answer - What are some advantages of having a true coelom?
Answer - What does it mean to have determinate or indeterminate cells?
Answer
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Essential Study Partner
Summaries of major points:- Protostome organization
- Coelomates are protostomes and deuterostomes
Art Review
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30.2 Molluscs
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- The body of a mollusc typically contains a visceral mass, a mantle, and a foot.
- Clams are adapted to a sedentary coastal life, squids to an active life in the sea, and snails are adapted to a life on land.
| - What are the three parts of the mollusc body plan?
Answer - What structures develop from the mantle?
Answer - What class of molluscs has a two-part, hinged shell, and no head?
Answer - How do bivalves obtain food?
Answer - How do cephalopods obtain food?
Answer - What type of circulatory system do squids have?
Answer - What animals are included in the class of gastropods and in what habitat do most of them live?
Answer
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Essential Study Partner
Summaries of major points:- Over 110,000 living species of molluscs belong to the phylum Mollusca
- Bivalves
- Cephalopods
- Gastropods
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Art Quizzes
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30.3 Annelids
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- Annelids are the segmented worms with a well-developed coelom, a closed circulatory system, a ventral solid nerve cord, and paired nephridia in each segment.
- Polychaetes include marine predators with a definite head region, and filter feeders with terminal tentacles to filter food from the water.
- Oligochaetes include the earthworms that burrow in the soil and use a moist body wall as a respiratory organ.
| - The coelom of annelids is partitioned into segments by _____________.
Answer - What type of skeleton do annelids have?
Answer - What are nephridia?
Answer - How do annelids feed?
Answer
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Essential Study Partner
Summaries of major points:- Segmented worms
- Marine worms
- Earthworms
- Leeches
Art Review
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30.4 Arthropods
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- Arthropods are segmented with specialized body regions and an external skeleton that includes jointed appendages.
- Among the many kinds of arthropods, crustaceans are adapted to a life at sea, and insects are adapted to a terrestrial existence.
| - What is the exoskeleton of arthropods made from and what is the major disadvantage of a hardened exoskeleton?
Answer - What is metamorphosis and what advantage does it give arthropods?
Answer - What element is added to the exoskeleton of crustaceans that makes them harder?
Answer - What are the three main body regions of arthropods and what is a cephalothorax?
Answer - What type of circulatory system do arthropods have?
Answer - What are the characteristics of uniramians?
Answer - What is the advantage of excreting nitrogenous waste as solid uric acid?
Answer
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Essential Study Partner
Summaries of major points:- Arthropods have jointed appendages
- Crustacea
- Uniramians
- Insects
- Centipedes and millipedes
- Chelicerates
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