Concepts | Questions | Media Resources |
4.1 Cellular Level of Organization
| | |
- All organisms are composed of cells, which arise from preexisting cells.
- A microscope is usually needed to see a cell because most cells are quite small.
- Cell-volume-to-cell-surface relationships explain why cells are so very small.
| - What two basic concepts make up the cell theory?
Answer - Why are all cells small?
Answer
| Essential Study Partner
Summaries of major points:- Cell theory
- Cell size
- Microscopy of today
Art quizzes
Study Guide
|
4.2 Prokaryotic Cells
| | |
- Prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane-bounded nucleus nor other organelles of eukaryotic cells.
- The organization of prokaryotic cells includes appendages, a cell envelope and the cytoplasm.
| - Into what two domains are prokaryotic cells classified and on what is this separation based?
Answer - What is the function of the cell wall of bacteria?
Answer - Describe the DNA of bacteria and where in the cell it's found.
Answer - Photosynthetic bacteria are known by what two terms?
Answer - What are the differences between the cell wall and plasma membrane of Bacteria and Archaea?
Answer
| Essential Study Partner
Summaries of major points:- Bacteria are prokaryotic cells
Labeling exercise
Lab exercises
|
4.3 Eukaryotic Cells
| | |
- The organization of all eukaryotic cells includes a plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, the nucleus, and various organelles.
- Organelles are membrane-bounded compartments specialized to carry out specific functions.
- The membrane-bounded nucleus contains DNA within the chromatin, which condense to chromosomes. The nucleus communicates with the cytoplasm.
- The endomembrane system contains several organelles that communicate with one another, sometimes resulting in the secretion of proteins.
- Chloroplasts have a double membrane and use solar energy to produce organic molecules that serve as nutrients for a plant cell.
- Mitochondria have a double membrane and break down organic nutrients, capturing energy for the production of ATP molecules.
- The cytoskeleton, a complex system of filaments and tubules, gives the cell its shape and accounts for the movement of the cell and its organelles.
| - What are the major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Answer - What are the kingdoms containing organisms with eukaryotic cells?
Answer - What factors about mitochondria and chloroplast suggest an origin as a prokaryotic cell?
Answer - What is the nucleolus and what molecules are constructed there?
Answer - What is the endomembrane system and what structures does it consist of?
Answer - What are the differences between the structure and function of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Answer - What are the energy related organelles and what are their functions?
Answer
| Essential Study Partner
Summaries of major points:- Eukaryotic cells
- Evolution of the eukaryotic cell
- The nucleus
- Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
- The endomembrane system
- Energy-related organelles
- The cytoskeleton
Labeling exercises
General Biology Weblinks
|