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1 | | The senses of smell and taste depend on the presence of _____. |
| | A) | thermoreceptors |
| | B) | chemoreceptors |
| | C) | photoreceptors |
| | D) | mechanoreceptors |
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2 | | Chemoreceptors are found only in the vertebrates. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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3 | | Chemical messages passed between individuals are called _____. |
| | A) | neurotransmitters |
| | B) | hormones |
| | C) | pheromones |
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4 | | In amphibians, chemoreceptors _____. |
| | A) | locate mates |
| | B) | detect harmful chemicals |
| | C) | find food |
| | D) | all of the above |
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5 | | In insects, chemoreceptors are found largely on their feet. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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6 | | In humans, taste buds can be found on the _____. |
| | A) | hard palate |
| | B) | epiglottis |
| | C) | tongue |
| | D) | all of the above |
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7 | | Sweet receptors are concentrated _____. |
| | A) | toward the back of the tongue |
| | B) | along the margins of the tongue |
| | C) | near the tip of the tongue |
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8 | | There are _____ primary types of tastes. |
| | A) | two |
| | B) | four |
| | C) | six |
| | D) | eight |
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9 | | Chemoreception is believed to be the most primitive sense. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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10 | | When molecules in our food bind the receptor proteins of a taste bud, nerve impulses are generated in associated _____ nerve fibers. |
| | A) | sensory |
| | B) | motos |
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11 | | Each olfactory receptor cell has olfactory cilia which bear a number of different receptor proteins for odor molecules. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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12 | | Aromas can arouse vivid memories because the olfactory bulbs have direct connections with the _____. |
| | A) | occipital lobe |
| | B) | hypothalamus |
| | C) | cerebellum |
| | D) | limbic system |
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13 | | In humans, the olfactory cells are located in the roof of the nasal cavity. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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14 | | When you have a cold, food tastes bland because you've temporarily lost your sense of taste. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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15 | | Part of what we refer to as smell may actually be taste. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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16 | | Image forming eyes are found among _____. |
| | A) | annelids |
| | B) | molluscs |
| | C) | cnidarians |
| | D) | all of the above |
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17 | | Compound eyes are found among _____. |
| | A) | arthropods |
| | B) | flatworms |
| | C) | echinoderms |
| | D) | roundworms |
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18 | | Nectar guides on flowers _____. |
| | A) | can't be seen by humans |
| | B) | highlight the reproductive parts of the flower |
| | C) | are seen by insects whose eyes respond to ultraviolet rays |
| | D) | all of the above |
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19 | | A camera-type eye is found in _____. |
| | A) | insects |
| | B) | planaria |
| | C) | octopuses |
| | D) | all of the above |
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20 | | Among mammals, only primates have color vision. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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21 | | Vertebrates have a camera-type eye like those seen in certain molluscs. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | | The presence of a camera-type eye in certain molluscs and vertebrates suggests they are closely related and the eye is the result of divergent evolution. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | | Vision is dependent upon the presence of _____. |
| | A) | chemoreceptors |
| | B) | photoreceptors |
| | C) | mechanoreceptors |
| | D) | thermoreceptors |
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24 | | All animals have some photoreceptors. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | | The eyespots of planaria allow them to determine _____. |
| | A) | the direction of light |
| | B) | only the presence of light |
| | C) | the intensity of light |
| | D) | all of the above |
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26 | | Photoreceptors generate nerve impulses which pass to the brain by way of _____ nerve fibers. |
| | A) | motor |
| | B) | trigeminal |
| | C) | vagus |
| | D) | optic |
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27 | | The innermost layer of the human eye is the _____. |
| | A) | sclera |
| | B) | retina |
| | C) | cornea |
| | D) | choroid |
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28 | | Only the _____ of the human eye contains photoreceptors. |
| | A) | lens |
| | B) | humors |
| | C) | retina |
| | D) | iris |
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29 | | The _____ is like the diaphragm on a microscope since it regulates the entrance of light. |
| | A) | lens |
| | B) | pupil |
| | C) | cornea |
| | D) | iris |
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30 | | Light is refracted by the _____. |
| | A) | humors |
| | B) | lens |
| | C) | cornea |
| | D) | all of the above |
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31 | | The oculomotor nerve transmits impulses to the brain. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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32 | | Color vision is made possible by _____. |
| | A) | rods |
| | B) | cones |
| | C) | both A and B |
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33 | | The fovea centralis _____. |
| | A) | is where vision is most acute |
| | B) | has a high concentration of cones |
| | C) | both A and B |
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34 | | The choroid contains many blood vessels and pigments that absorb stray light. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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35 | | Which is/are part of the choroid? |
| | A) | the iris |
| | B) | the ciliary body |
| | C) | both A and B |
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36 | | The anterior compartment between the cornea and lens is filled with _____ humor. |
| | A) | aqueous |
| | B) | vitreous |
| | C) | both A and B |
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37 | | Vitreous humor fills the posterior compartment behind the lens. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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38 | | Rod cells _____. |
| | A) | are very sensitive to light |
| | B) | help us see at night |
| | C) | don't see color |
| | D) | all of the above |
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39 | | When we look at something, light rays pass through the pupil and are focused on the _____. |
| | A) | optic nerve |
| | B) | lens |
| | C) | retina |
| | D) | sclera |
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40 | | With normal aging, the lens loses its ability to accommodate for far away objects. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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41 | | Radial keratotomy is a treatment for glaucoma. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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42 | | Images form on the retina in an inverted and reversed manner. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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43 | | Focusing of the light starts with the _____. |
| | A) | humors |
| | B) | cornea |
| | C) | lens |
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44 | | The shape of the lens is controlled by _____. |
| | A) | the ciliary muscle |
| | B) | pseudostratified ciliated epithelium |
| | C) | cardiac muscle |
| | D) | the iris |
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45 | | The whites of your eyes are the _____. |
| | A) | iris |
| | B) | choroid |
| | C) | retina |
| | D) | sclera |
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46 | | Nearsighted people can have their vision corrected with a concave lens which focus the image on the retina. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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47 | | People who can see a near object, but have trouble seeing a size 20 letter 20 feet away are farsighted. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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48 | | Nearsighted people _____. |
| | A) | often have an elongated eyeball |
| | B) | can't see things at a distance because the image is focused in front of the retina |
| | C) | both A and B |
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49 | | Eyestrain from doing a lot of work close up is due to fatigue of the ciliary muscle. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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50 | | An astigmatism is caused by an uneven _____. |
| | A) | cornea |
| | B) | lens |
| | C) | both A and B |
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51 | | Cataracts can be easily treated with glasses that have a convex lens. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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52 | | The light absorbing molecule in rods is a derivative of _____. |
| | A) | vitamin K |
| | B) | vitamin A |
| | C) | vitamin C |
| | D) | vitamin E |
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53 | | Eating carrots can improve your night vision. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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54 | | Cones _____. |
| | A) | are activated by bright light |
| | B) | allow us to see well at night |
| | C) | provide us with peripheral vision |
| | D) | all of the above |
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55 | | The blind spot of your eye is the area where the optic nerve exits the retina. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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56 | | The blurred vision provided by the rods is result of as many as 100 rods synapsing with just one ganglion cell. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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57 | | Integration occurs as signals pass to _____. |
| | A) | ganglion cells |
| | B) | bipolar cells |
| | C) | both A and B |
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58 | | Synaptic integration and processing of visual information doesn't begin until nerve impulses reach the brain. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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59 | | Long-term exposure to the ultraviolet rays of the sun increases the incidence of _____. |
| | A) | cataracts |
| | B) | macular degeneration |
| | C) | both A and B |
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60 | | Any noise above 80 decibels could result in damage to the hair cells of the _____ |
| | A) | semicircular canals |
| | B) | spiral organ |
| | C) | utricle |
| | D) | saccule |
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61 | | Which is located in the inner ear? |
| | A) | semicircular canals. |
| | B) | vestibule. |
| | C) | cochlea. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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62 | | Earwax is produced by modified sweat glands. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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63 | | The middle ear is connected to the nasopharynx by the _____. |
| | A) | auditory canal |
| | B) | semicircular canals |
| | C) | eustachian tube |
| | D) | tympanic membrane |
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64 | | Which of the following is found between the tympanic membrane and the oval window. |
| | A) | malleus |
| | B) | stapes |
| | C) | incus |
| | D) | all of the above |
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65 | | The part(s) of the inner ear involved with hearing is/are the _____. |
| | A) | cochlea |
| | B) | semicircular canals |
| | C) | vestibule |
| | D) | tympanic membrane |
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66 | | The volume of a noise is a function of the _____ of the sound waves. |
| | A) | frequency |
| | B) | amplitude |
| | C) | both A and B |
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67 | | Sound interpretation occurs in the auditory areas of the _____. |
| | A) | cerebral cortex |
| | B) | pons |
| | C) | hypothalamus |
| | D) | cerebellum |
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68 | | The tone of a noise is believed to be a function of the brain's interpretation based on the distribution of hair cells stimulated. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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69 | | The hair cells of the spiral organ synapse with the _____ nerve. |
| | A) | trigeminal |
| | B) | trochlear |
| | C) | cochlear |
| | D) | accessory |
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70 | | The sense receptors for sound are called the _____. |
| | A) | utricle |
| | B) | spiral organ |
| | C) | saccule |
| | D) | lateral line |
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71 | | Statocysts found in cnidarians, molluscs, and crustaceans give information only about the position of the head. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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72 | | Static equilibrium depends on the _____. |
| | A) | utricle |
| | B) | saccule |
| | C) | both A and B |
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73 | | Continuous movement of fluid in the semicircular canals can cause motion sickness. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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74 | | The semicircular canals provide information about _____. |
| | A) | static equilibrium |
| | B) | dynamic equilibrium |
| | C) | the volume of sounds |
| | D) | the pitch of sounds |
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75 | | The utricle and the saccule are located in the _____. |
| | A) | middle ear |
| | B) | vestibule |
| | C) | cochlea |
| | D) | semicircular canals |
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76 | | The vestibular nerve carries impulses from the _____to the brain.. |
| | A) | vestibule |
| | B) | semicircular canals |
| | C) | both A and B |
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77 | | The ampulla in the semicircular canals each respond to head rotation in a different plane of space. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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78 | | The _____ of fishes allows them to detect water currents and pressure waves from nearby objects. |
| | A) | statocysts |
| | B) | flame cells |
| | C) | eustachian tubes |
| | D) | lateral line system |
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79 | | Salmon eventually employ the sense of _________ to locate their specific breeding areas. |
| | A) | sight |
| | B) | hearing |
| | C) | touch |
| | D) | smell |
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