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43.1 How animals reproduce
  • Among animals, there are two patterns of reproduction: asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
  • Sexually reproducing animals have gonads for the production of gametes, and many have accessory organs for the storage and passage of gametes into or from the body.
  • Animals have various means of assuring fertilization of gametes and protecting immature stages.
  1. The type of asexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into an individual is called _______________.
    Answer
  2. What is the difference between hermaphroditism (as seen in earthworms) and sequential hermaphroditism (as seen in some coral reef fish)?
    Answer
  3. What are oviparous animals and why do they produce large eggs?
    Answer
  4. What is an advantage of producing a larval stage during development of young?
    Answer
 Essential Study Partner Summaries of major points:
  1. Two patterns of reproduction
  2. Asexual
  3. Sexual reproduction
  4. Life history strategies
Art Quizzes Lab exercises
43.2 Male reproductive system
  • The human male reproductive system continuously produces a large number of sperm that are transported within a fluid medium.
  • Hormones control the production of sperm and maintain the primary and secondary sexual characteristics of males.
  1. Where are sperm produced, where do they mature, and by what route do they leave the body?
    Answer
  2. What three glands contribute fluid to the semen?
    Answer
  3. What are the three parts of a sperm and what does each do?
    Answer
  4. What are the functions of LH and FSH in the male?
    Answer
  5. What are the functions of testosterone?
    Answer
 Essential Study Partner Summaries of major points:
  1. Male gonads
  2. Sperm
  3. Ejaculation
  4. The testes
  5. Hormonal regulation in males
  6. Functions of testosterone
Labeling Exercises Art Quizzes Animations
(To play the animation, lengthen the pop-up window until the control bar appears.) Animation Quizzes
43.3 Female reproductive system
  • The female reproductive system produces one egg monthly, and prepares the uterus to house the developing fetus.
  • Hormones control the monthly reproductive cycle in females and play a significant role in maintaining pregnancy, should it occur.
  1. In females, eggs are produced by the ____________, pass through the _______________ where fertilization occurs, and the resulting embryo develops within the ________________.
    Answer
  2. What is ovulation?
    Answer
  3. What are the functions of LH and FSH in females?
    Answer
  4. What causes the beginning of menstruation?
    Answer
  5. When in the uterine cycle does ovulation occur?
    Answer
  6. Which female sex hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics and which is responsible for maintaining pregnancy?
    Answer
 Essential Study Partner Summaries of major points:
  1. Internal reproductive system
  2. External genitalia of women
  3. The ovaries
  4. The ovarian cycle
  5. The uterine cycle
  6. Events following fertilization
  7. Functions of estrogen and progesterone
  8. The female breast
Labeling Exercises Art Quizzes Animations
(To play the animation, lengthen the pop-up window until the control bar appears.) Animation Quizzes Study Guides
43.4 Control of reproduction
  • There are alternative methods of reproduction today, including in vitro fertilization followed by introduction of the zygote to the uterus.
  • Birth control measures vary in effectiveness from those that are very effective to those that are minimally effective.
  1. What is the most effective form of birth control?
    Answer
  2. What is endometriosis?
    Answer
  3. Describe in vitro fertilization.
    Answer
 Essential Study Partner Summaries of major points:
  1. Infertility
  2. Birth-control methods
Labeling Exercises Animations
(To play the animation, lengthen the pop-up window until the control bar appears.) Animation Quizzes
43.5 Sexually transmitted diseases
  • Several serious sexually transmitted diseases are prevalent among human beings.
  1. What type of cell is affected by the HIV virus and what is the result?
    Answer
  2. List 4 other sexually transmitted diseases and the organism which causes them.
    Answer
Summaries of major points:
  1. Sexually transmitted diseases
  2. AIDS
  3. Genital warts
  4. Genital herpes
  5. Hepatitis
  6. Chlamydia
  7. Gonorrhea
  8. Syphilis
  9. Vaginitis





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