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Multiple Choice
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1
Waters over the continental shelves are relatively unproductive because nutrients sink to the shelf bottom and become unavailable to most producers.
A)True
B)False
2
Like most cold-water areas, the continental shelf off Antarctica is dominated by kelps.
A)True
B)False
3
There usually are more species in subtidal than in intertidal soft bottoms largely because subtidal conditions are less variable.
A)True
B)False
4
Patchy distributions of subtidal animals can develop if the larvae sense adults and prefer to settle near them.
A)True
B)False
5
Meiofauna consist exclusively of miniature versions of familiar animals that live elsewhere.
A)True
B)False
6
Animals of unvegetated subtidal soft-bottom communities in low-turbulence waters are dominated by deposit feeders such as polychaetes.
A)True
B)False
7
In subtidal hard-bottom communities, predators include sea hares and abalones.
A)True
B)False
8
Giant kelps grow over a depth range limited by wave action at the upper end and by light at the lower end.
A)True
B)False
9
Seaweeds tend to dominate on steeply sloping bottoms and vertical walls, where they out-compete sessile animals for space.
A)True
B)False
10
Although there are many animals in a kelp forest, none grow on the kelp itself because its mucus coating prevents adhesion.
A)True
B)False
11
Most of the productivity of the giant kelps enters the food chain as fragments (detritus) rather than as whole plants directly eaten by herbivores.
A)True
B)False
12
The primary grazers that feed directly on giant kelps are herbivorous fishes.
A)True
B)False
13
Subtidal seagrass beds are among the most productive communities in the oceans because
A)seagrasses, unlike algae, have roots capable of absorbing nutrients from the sediments.
B)all parts of a seagrass including roots are photosynthetic.
C)seagrasses have no herbivores to eat them.
D)all of the above
14
All of these are meiofauna except for which one?
A)Kinorhyncha
B)Gastrotricha
C)archiannelids
D)soft-shelled clams





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