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Multiple Choice
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1
Cellulose and chitin are important examples of structural carbohydrates made from chains of simple sugars.
A)True
B)False
2
The inherited information of an organism is contained in molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
A)True
B)False
3
Photosynthesis is the primary source of CO2 in the Earth's atmosphere.
A)True
B)False
4
Because chlorophyll is green, all photosynthetic autotrophs are this color.
A)True
B)False
5
Autotrophs have no need of respiration since they obtain energy from nonliving sources.
A)True
B)False
6
Nitrogen (such as NO3-) and phosphorus (PO4-3) compounds are usually the most important nutrients for primary production in the oceans.
A)True
B)False
7
Primary production is the net gain in organic matter remaining after autotrophs have been consumed by heterotrophs.
A)True
B)False
8
Prokaryotes have nuclei but no mitochondria or chloroplasts.
A)True
B)False
9
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are organelles in eukaryotes that have properties of prokaryotes, suggesting an ancient symbiotic origin.
A)True
B)False
10
A fish with an internal salinity of 14 parts per thousand tends to gain water from the marine environment by osmosis.
A)True
B)False
11
Though diffusion results in a net movement of a substance from an area of high to an area of low concentration, it is based completely on random molecular motions.
A)True
B)False
12
Small marine organisms can rely on diffusion for exchange of materials with the environment because of their low surface/volume ration.
A)True
B)False
13
Asexual reproduction in eukaryotes makes use of cellular mitosis to produce genetically identical daughter cells, or clones.
A)True
B)False
14
Sexual reproduction usually requires a halving in the number of chromosomes by the process of meiosis.
A)True
B)False
15
Sperm and eggs generally have a haploid number of chromosomes.
A)True
B)False
16
Plantae, Animalia and Fungi are the eukaryotic kingdoms, while Protista and Monera are the prokaryotic kingdoms.
A)True
B)False
17
The Kingdom Protista consists exclusively of unicellular organisms.
A)True
B)False
18
The Kingdom Plantae includes the most common types of marine autotrophs.
A)True
B)False
19
A marine osmoconformer placed into freshwater would shrink due to osmotic water loss.
A)True
B)False
20
Most marine fishes have body fluids more dilute than seawater and thus must drink seawater to replace osmotically lost water.
A)True
B)False
21
Unlike mammals, no fishes can maintain body temperatures different from that of the surrounding environment.
A)True
B)False
22
Natural selection occurs when there are heritable differences among members of a population that lead some members to reproduce more successfully than others.
A)True
B)False
23
Within a taxon, members are thought to share a common ancestor.
A)True
B)False
24
A molecule that speeds up chemical reactions in organisms is called a/an
A)lipid.
B)hormone.
C)enzyme.
D)deoxyribonucleic acid.
25
Which group of organisms is not included in the five-kingdom system?
A)viruses
B)bacteria
C)fungi
D)multicellular seaweeds





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