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Multiple Choice
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1

A person has just sensed the pain of a knife cut. Which type of nerves transmitted this message?
A)Neural networks.
B)Afferent nerves.
C)Efferent nerves.
D)Sensory nerves.
2

A college student has just jumped out of the shower because he accidentally turned off the hot water. The sensation of cold and the student's response are transmitted by the ___________ nervous system.
A)central
B)somatic
C)peripheral
D)autonomic
3

While walking home from a night class, a college student was frightened by a barking dog. After walking another block, she notices that her breathing and heart rate have slowed to normal levels. Which branch of her nervous system is responsible for these changes?
A)The sympathetic nervous system.
B)The parasympathetic nervous system.
C)The autonomic nervous system.
D)The somatic nervous system.
4

The function of axons is to ______________________________.
A)receive information from receptor cells or other neurons
B)produce substances the neuron needs for maintenance and growth
C)carry information away from the cell body
D)insulate the axon and speed neural transmission
5

The all-or-none principle refers to the fact that ______________________________.
A)transmission across synapses is always chemical
B)inactive neurons are always electrically unstable
C)dendrites always receive messages from other neurons
D)when an electrical impulse in a neuron reaches a certain level, it fires completely
6

Which neurotransmitter primarily stimulates the firing of neurons?
A)GABA.
B)Acetylcholine.
C)Dopamine.
D)Norepinephrine.
7

The "runner's high," a sense of pleasure and well-being experienced after physical exercise, is attributable to __________.
A)endorphins
B)dopamine
C)GABA
D)serotonin
8

A three-dimensional image of the brain obtained by combining x-rays is called ____________________.
A)an electroencephalograph
B)a CT scan
C)positron-emission tomography
D)magnetic resonance imaging
9

The area of the brain through which most neural input from the cerebral cortex passed is the __________.
A)thalamus
B)medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)cerebellum
10

After receiving a blow to the head in an accident at a construction site, a young man is having difficulty telling how far he is from objects and shifting his attention from person to person during conversations. The accident damaged his __________ lobe.
A)parietal
B)occipital
C)temporal
D)frontal
11

The loosely connected network of structures under the cerebral cortex that is important in both memory and emotion is the _______________.
A)brain stem
B)limbic system
C)reticular formation
D)frontal lobe
12

A college student who suffered a head injury due to falling off a ladder has experienced difficulty performing higher mental functions like thinking and planning. The student has suffered an injury to the ___________________.
A)cerebral cortex
B)thalamus
C)brain stem
D)reticular formation
13

The highest intellectual functions occur in the _______________.
A)association cortex
B)parietal lobe
C)brain stem
D)hypothalamus
14

A student who has heard a loud noise stands quickly, breathes rapidly, and is poised to run from the room. Hormones from which endocrine gland(s) have been secreted?
A)The testes.
B)The parathyroid gland.
C)The pituitary gland.
D)The adrenal glands.
15

A PET scan of the brain of a young woman whose temporal lobe has been damaged shows a high level of glucose in an adjacent area of the occipital lobe while she is listening to music. This finding may indicate that the brain is repairing itself by ____________________.
A)collateral sprouting
B)substitution of function
C)neurogenesis
D)brain grafting





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