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| 1 | |
A major function of the skin is protection from |
| | A) | abrasion. |
| | B) | ultraviolet light. |
| | C) | entry of microorganisms. |
| | D) | dehydration. |
| | E) | all of these |
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| 2 | |
The layer of skin that is composed of dense connective tissue and has projections called papillae is the |
| | A) | dermis. |
| | B) | hypodermis. |
| | C) | stratum corneum. |
| | D) | stratum basale |
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| 3 | |
This layer has about half of the body's stored fat: |
| | A) | dermis |
| | B) | hypodermis |
| | C) | stratum corneum |
| | D) | stratum basale |
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| 4 | |
In which of these layers are melanocytes found? |
| | A) | dermis |
| | B) | hypodermis |
| | C) | stratum corneum |
| | D) | stratum basale |
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| 5 | |
The layer that consists of many layers of dead squamous cells surrounded by lipids is the |
| | A) | dermis. |
| | B) | hypodermis. |
| | C) | stratum corneum. |
| | D) | stratum basale |
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| 6 | |
Which of these statements is true regarding keratinization? |
| | A) | The deepest cells are located in the stratum corneum. |
| | B) | Epithelial cells eventually die and produce an outer layer of cells. |
| | C) | The stratum corneum has cuboidal or columnar cells that undergo mitotic division. |
| | D) | The stratum basale can thicken to produce a callus. |
| | E) | The newest cells are found in the outer layer of cells. |
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| 7 | |
Cyanosis is a condition caused by |
| | A) | consuming large amounts of carotene. |
| | B) | increased blood flow to the skin. |
| | C) | albinism. |
| | D) | exposure to ultraviolet light. |
| | E) | a decrease in blood oxygen. |
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| 8 | |
Hair is formed from epithelial cells of the |
| | A) | hair bulb. |
| | B) | dermis. |
| | C) | hypodermis. |
| | D) | cuticle. |
| | E) | hair shaft. |
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| 9 | |
Scalp hairs can grow longer than eyelash hairs because |
| | A) | the head has a better blood supply than the eyelid. |
| | B) | the hair follicles in the scalp are much deeper than follicles in the eyelid. |
| | C) | the scalp hairs are more exposed to the sun, which stimulates growth. |
| | D) | the growth stage for scalp hairs is longer than for eyelash hairs. |
| | E) | the eyelash hair shaft consists of columns of dead keratinized epithelial cells. |
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| 10 | |
After the resting stage of hair growth, each hair normally |
| | A) | grows more rapidly. |
| | B) | falls out. |
| | C) | loses its pigmentation. |
| | D) | produces more melanocytes. |
| | E) | increases the depth of the hair follicle. |
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| 11 | |
Given these characteristics: produce a thick, odorless secretion rich in organic substances; open into a hair follicle; and become active at puberty. Which glands of the skin have all these characteristics? |
| | A) | apocrine sweat glands |
| | B) | merocrine sweat glands |
| | C) | sebaceous glands |
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| 12 | |
Nails |
| | A) | grow from the nail matrix. |
| | B) | have a resting stage, similar to hair. |
| | C) | have a visible part, which is the nail bed. |
| | D) | have an eponychium, which is the whitish, crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail. |
| | E) | contain proteoglycans and chondrocytes. |
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| 13 | |
Which of these statements is NOT true regarding the temperature regulation function of the skin? |
| | A) | As sweat evaporates from the skin, it carries away heat and drops body temperature. |
| | B) | When body temperature increases, blood vessels in the epidermis dilate to transfer heat to the skin. |
| | C) | The skin can lose heat by radiation, conduction, evaporation, or convection. |
| | D) | If skin temperature falls below about 59(degree_sign) F, blood vessels in the skin dilate. |
| | E) | As body temperature first drops below normal, dermal blood vessels constrict. |
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| 14 | |
As a result of aging, the skin |
| | A) | increases the amount of collagen in the dermis. |
| | B) | becomes thicker. |
| | C) | loses elastic fibers. |
| | D) | has increased activity of the sebaceous and sweat glands. |
| | E) | generally increases the amount of melanin produced. |
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| 15 | |
Given these characteristics: epidermis and dermis destroyed, painless, also called "full-thickness burn" and much scar tissue formed, Which of these types of burns is described by all these characteristics? |
| | A) | first-degree burn |
| | B) | second-degree burn |
| | C) | third-degree burn |
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| 16 | |
The pigment that is responsible for skin, hair, and eye color is |
| | A) | keratin. |
| | B) | corneum. |
| | C) | melanin. |
| | D) | albinin. |
| | E) | carotene. |
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| 17 | |
We need exposure to ultraviolet light from the sun to stimulate vitamin D production. Why is vitamin D important to humans? |
| | A) | It promotes the uptake of sodium from the small intestine. |
| | B) | It promotes the release of excess sodium from the body. |
| | C) | It promotes the uptake of calcium from the small intestine. |
| | D) | It promotes the release of excess calcium from the body. |
| | E) | B and C are correct. |
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| 18 | |
The most frequent skin cancer is _______, and begins with cells in the lowest layer of the epidermis and extends into the dermis to produce an open ulcer. There is little danger that this type of cancer will metastasize. |
| | A) | malignant melanoma |
| | B) | basal cell carcinoma |
| | C) | squamous cell carcinoma |
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