Book Preface

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It is a pleasure to welcome Professor Masoud Salehi as a coauthor to the fifth edition of Digital Communications. This new edition has undergone a major revision and reorganization of topics, especially in the area of channel coding and decoding. A new chapter on multiple-antenna systems has been added as well.

The book is designed to serve as a text for a first-year graduate-level course for students in electrical engineering. It is also designed to serve as a text for self-study and as a reference book for the practicing engineer involved in the design and analysis of digital communications systems. As to background, we presume that the reader has a thorough understanding of basic calculus and elementary linear systems theory and prior knowledge of probability and stochastic processes.

Chapter 1 is an introduction to the subject, including a historical perspective and a description of channel characteristics and channel models.

Chapter 2 contains a review of deterministic and random signal analysis, including bandpass and lowpass signal representations, bounds on the tail probabilities of random variables, limit theorems for sums of random variables, and random processes.

Chapter 3 treats digital modulation techniques and the power spectrum of digitally modulated signals.

Chapter 4 is focused on optimum receivers for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels and their error rate performance. Also included in this chapter is an introduction to lattices and signal constellations based on lattices, as well as link budget analyses for wire line and radio communication systems.

Chapter 5 is devoted to carrier phase estimation and time synchronization methods based on the maximum-likelihood criterion. Both decision-directed and non-decision directed methods are described.

Chapter 6 provides an introduction to topics in information theory, including lossless source coding, lossy data compression, channel capacity for different channel models, and the channel reliability function.

Chapter 7 treats linear block codes and their properties. Included is a treatment of cyclic codes, BCH codes, Reed-Solomon codes, and concatenated codes. Both soft decision and hard decision decoding methods are described, and their performance in AWGN channels is evaluated.

Chapter 8 provides a treatment of trellis codes and graph-based codes, including convolutional codes, turbo codes, low density parity check (LDPC) codes, trellis codes for band-limited channels, and codes based on lattices. Decoding algorithms are also treated, including the Viterbi algorithm and its performance on AWGN channels, the BCJR algorithm for iterative decoding of turbo codes, and the sum-product algorithm.

Chapter 9 is focused on digital communication through band-limited channels. Topics treated in this chapter include the characterization and signal design for bandlimited channels, the optimum receiver for channels with intersymbol interference and AWGN, and suboptimum equalization methods, namely, linear equalization, decision feedback equalization, and turbo equalization.

Chapter 10 treats adaptive channel equalization. The LMS and recursive least squares algorithms are described together with their performance characteristics. This chapter also includes a treatment of blind equalization algorithms.

Chapter 11 provides a treatment of multichannel and multicarrier modulation. Topics treated include the error rate performance of multichannel binary signal and M-ary orthogonal signals in AWGN channels; the capacity of a nonideal linear filter channel with AWGN; OFDM modulation and demodulation; bit and power allocation in an OFDM system; and methods to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio in OFDM.

Chapter 12 is focused on spread spectrum signals and systems, with emphasis on direct sequence and frequency-hopped spread spectrum systems and their performance. The benefits of coding in the design of spread spectrum signals is emphasized throughout this chapter.

Chapter 13 treats communication through fading channels, including the characterization of fading channels and the key important parameters of multipath spread and Doppler spread. Several channel fading statistical models are introduced, with emphasis placed on Rayleigh fading, Ricean fading, and Nakagami fading. An analysis of the performance degradation caused by Doppler spread in an OFDM system is presented, and a method for reducing this performance degradation is described.

Chapter 14 is focused on capacity and code design for fading channels. After introducing ergodic and outage capacities, coding for fading channels is studied. Band width efficient coding and bit-interleaved coded modulation are treated, and the performance of coded systems in Rayleigh and Ricean fading is derived.

Chapter 15 provides a treatment of multiple-antenna systems, generally called multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which are designed to yield spatial signal diversity and spatial multiplexing. Topics treated in this chapter include detection algorithms for MIMO channels, the capacity of MIMO channels with AWGN without and with signal fading, and space-time coding.

Chapter 16 treats multiuser communications, including the topics of the capacity of multiple-access methods, multiuser detection methods for the uplink in CDMA systems, interference mitigation in multiuser broadcast channels, and random access methods such as ALOHA and carrier-sense multiple access (CSMA).

With 16 chapters and a variety of topics, the instructor has the flexibility to design either a one- or two-semester course. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 provide a basic treatment of digital modulation/demodulation and detection methods. Channel coding and decoding treated in Chapters 7, 8, and 9 can be included along with modulation/demodulation in a one-semester course. Alternatively, Chapters 9 through 12 can be covered in place of channel coding and decoding. A second semester course can cover the topics of communication through fading channels, multiple-antenna systems, and multiuser communications.

The authors and McGraw-Hill would like to thank the following reviewers for their suggestions on selected chapters of the fifth edition manuscript: Paul Salama, Indiana University/Purdue University, Indianapolis; Dimitrios Hatzinakos, University of Toronto; Ender Ayanoglu, University of California, Irvine.

Finally, the first author wishes to thank Gloria Doukakis for her assistance in typing parts of the manuscript. We also thank Patrick Amihood for preparing several graphs in Chapters 15 and 16 and Apostolos Rizos and Kostas Stamatior for preparing parts of the Solutions Manual.

2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education
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