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| 1 | |
Which of the following is NOT a criticism or problem with social definitions of crime? |
| | A) | norms vary from group to group within a single society; there is no uniform definition of anti-social behavior |
| | B) | norms are always subject to interpretation; each norm's history has a meaning |
| | C) | norms change from time to time and from place to place |
| | D) | all of the above are criticisms or problems |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following is a crime? |
| | A) | the violation of union rules |
| | B) | the violation of school rules |
| | C) | the violation of church rules |
| | D) | none of the above |
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| 3 | |
In most American jurisdictions, under what age are children not held legally responsible for their crimes? |
| | A) | 4 |
| | B) | 7 |
| | C) | 10 |
| | D) | 13 |
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| 4 | |
In most "developed" countries under what age are people generally not considered entirely responsible for their criminal acts because it is assumed that they do not have a fully developed capacity or competence to form mens rea? |
| | A) | 18 |
| | B) | 21 |
| | C) | 25 |
| | D) | 30 |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following was the first test of insanity? |
| | A) | the M'Naghten rule |
| | B) | the irresistible impulse or control test |
| | C) | Durham's rule |
| | D) | the substantial capacity test of the American Law Institute's Model Penal Code |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following is a reason why the police do NOT record crimes that are reported to them? |
| | A) | they may feel that enforcing the law is unfair to the suspect |
| | B) | the law is often vague and many police officers do not know the law |
| | C) | some police officers are lazy and consider filling out and filing police reports as simply too much work |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 7 | |
Any record of crime is best considered a (an): |
| | A) | true amount |
| | B) | index |
| | C) | dark figure |
| | D) | clearance rate |
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| 8 | |
The age range for juvenile delinquency generally is between: |
| | A) | 7 and 16 |
| | B) | 13 and 18 |
| | C) | 7 and 18 |
| | D) | 13 and 21 |
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| 9 | |
Approximately what percent of forcible rapes do the police "clear" each year? |
| | A) | 15 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 70 |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following is a major difference between the FBI's uniform crime reports (UCR) and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)? |
| | A) | the NIBRS makes a distinction between attempted and completed crimes; the UCRs do not |
| | B) | the NIBRS requires arrests and clearances to be linked to specific crimes; the UCRs do not |
| | C) | the UCRs count only one offense in multiple crime events (the most serious crime); the NIBRS includes information about each of the crimes in a multiple crime event (up to a maximum of 10) |
| | D) | all of the above are major differences |
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| 11 | |
According to the 2003 NCVS, approximately how many crimes were attempted or completed against U.S. residents aged 12 or older? |
| | A) | 2.4 million |
| | B) | 24 million |
| | C) | 240 million |
| | D) | 2.4 billion |
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| 12 | |
According to a NIJ study of the costs of crime, which included long-term costs as well as the intangible costs of pain, suffering, and reduced quality of life, which of the following offenses had the highest annual costs? |
| | A) | rape |
| | B) | assault |
| | C) | murder |
| | D) | drunk driving |
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| 13 | |
How much money did the U.S. spend on federal, state, and local anti-drug efforts between 1980 and 2003? |
| | A) | $3 billion |
| | B) | $30 billion |
| | C) | $300 billion |
| | D) | $3 trillion |
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| 14 | |
______ ask subjects whether or not they have committed crime. |
| | A) | Uniform crime reports |
| | B) | National crime victimization surveys |
| | C) | Self-report crime surveys |
| | D) | Clearance rates |
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| 15 | |
______ are expressed as the number of crimes per unit of population or some other base |
| | A) | Crime index offenses cleared |
| | B) | Uniform crime reports |
| | C) | Index crimes |
| | D) | Crime rates |
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| 16 | |
In ______, respondents are asked whether or not they have been the victim of any of the F.B.I.'s index offenses (except murder and nonnegligent manslaughter and arson) during the past six months and, if they have, they are asked to provide information about their experience. |
| | A) | uniform crime reports |
| | B) | national crime victimization surveys |
| | C) | self-report crime surveys |
| | D) | clearance rates |
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| 17 | |
______ refers to "criminal intent" or "a guilty state of mind." It is the mental aspect of a crime. |
| | A) | Mens rea |
| | B) | Actus reus |
| | C) | Mala in se |
| | D) | Mala prohibita |
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| 18 | |
Undetected crimes are sometimes called ______. |
| | A) | mala in se |
| | B) | mala prohibita |
| | C) | actus reus |
| | D) | the dark figure of crime |
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| 19 | |
______ is a legal term and not a medical one that refers to mental or psychological impairment or retardation. |
| | A) | Insanity |
| | B) | Mala in se |
| | C) | Mala prohibita |
| | D) | Negligence |
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| 20 | |
The act of inducing a person, who otherwise is not inclined or predisposed to commit crime, into committing a crime by a law enforcement officer or by someone acting as an agent for a law enforcement officer (for example, an informer or "undercover agent") is ______. |
| | A) | negligence |
| | B) | ex post facto |
| | C) | entrapment |
| | D) | actus reus |
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| 21 | |
______ is an external consequence and a legal element of crime. |
| | A) | Slander |
| | B) | Libel |
| | C) | Duress |
| | D) | Harm |
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| 22 | |
Part I offenses in the FBI's uniform crime reports are also known as the ______. |
| | A) | dark figure of crime |
| | B) | crime rate |
| | C) | clearance rates |
| | D) | eight index crimes |
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| 23 | |
______ is (are) a rough index of police performance in solving crimes. Refers to the situation where at least one person is arrested, charged with the commission of the offense, and turned over to the court for prosecution. |
| | A) | Offenses known to the police |
| | B) | Self-report crime surveys |
| | C) | Uniform crime reports |
| | D) | Crime index offenses cleared |
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| 24 | |
A (an) ______ is a special category of offense. In most American jurisdictions the upper age limit is eighteen years of age; the lower age limit is usually seven. |
| | A) | norm |
| | B) | mala in se |
| | C) | mala prohibita |
| | D) | status offense |
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| 25 | |
An intentional violation of the criminal law, committed without defense or excuse, and penalized by the state is a (an) ______. |
| | A) | legal definition of crime |
| | B) | social definition of crime |
| | C) | status offense |
| | D) | necessity defense |
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