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Paterns for a Purpose
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Patterns for a Purpose: A Rhetorical Reader, 4/e

Barbara Fine Clouse

ISBN: 0072982578
Copyright year: 2006

Table of Contents



* New to this edition


1. Reading Critically
    Critical Reading
      Distinguishing Facts from Opinions
      Making Inferences
      Synthesizing Information
      Evaluating Quality
      Detecting Errors in Logic
    Strategies for Critical Reading
      Approach Your Reading with a Reflective and Questioning Attitude
      Preview the Material
      Do a First Reading
      Reread and Study
      A Sample Marked Essay
      Keeping a Reading Journal
    Summarizing
      The Purpose of Summaries
      Suggestions for Writing a Summary
      A Sample Summary
    Synthesizing
      The Purpose of Synthesis
      Suggestions for Synthesizing Information
      A Sample Synthesis
    Strategies for Critical Reading of Visual Material
      Charts and Graphs
      Photographs and Advertisements
    Mortimer Adler, How to Mark a Book

2. Planning an Essay and Using the Patterns of Development
    Considering Your Writing Context
      Purpose
      Audience
      The Writer’s Role
    Generating Ideas
      Shaping a Writing Topic
      Discovering Ideas to Develop Your Topic
    Developing a Thesis
      Location of the Thesis
      Qualities of an Effective Thesis
      How to Compose Your Thesis
    Ordering Ideas
      Outlining
    Using the Patterns of Development
    Gail Godwin, The Watcher at the Gates

3. Writing and Rewriting
    Writing Your First Draft
    Essay Structure
      The Introduction
      Body Paragraphs
      Using Visual Material for Support
      The Conclusion
      The Title
    Visualizing an Essay
    Revising Your Draft
      Tips for Revising
      Revising with Peer Review
    Editing Your Draft
    Proofreading the Final Copy
    Annotated Student Essay: The Not-So-Ideal Male
    Paul Roberts, How to Say Nothing in 500 Words

4. Description
    The Pattern
    Using Description for a Purpose
      Description in College, at Work, in the Community
    Deciding on a Dominant Impression
    Supporting Details
      Objective and Expressive Details
      Descriptive Words
      Similes and Metaphors
    Organizing Details
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing Description
    Checklist for Revising Description
    Annotated Student Essay: The Gendarme
    *M. Scott Momaday, The Homestead on Rainy Mountain Creek
    Alfred Kazin, My Neighborhood
    *Rick Bass, A Winter’s Tale
    Annie Dillard, The Deer at Providencia
    Gretel Ehrlich, Struck by Lightning
    Alberto Riós, The Vietnam Wall
    Additional Writing Assignments

5. Narration
    The Pattern
    Using Narration for a Purpose
      Narration in College, at Work, in the Community
    Supporting Details
      Writing Dialogue
    Organizing Details
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing Narration
    Checklist for Revising Narration
    Annotated Student Essay: The Family Reunion, Revisited
    *Chris Abani, The Lottery
    Langston Hughes, Salvation
    *William Glaberson, Seeking Justice after a Fatal Spin of the Cylinder
    Natalie Kusz, Ring Leader
    Jean Shepherd, Lost at C
    Lee K. Abbott, The View of Me from Mars
    Additional Essay Assignments

6. Exemplification
    The Pattern
    Using Exemplification for a Purpose
      Exemplification in College, at Work, in the Community
    Supporting Details
      Hypothetical Examples
      Organizing Details
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing Exemplification
    Checklist for Revising Exemplification
    *Annotated Student Essay: Food for Thought
    *Cullen Murphy, Lifosuction
    Trip Gabriel, Computers Help Unite Campuses but Also Drive Some Students Apart
    Ralph Ellison, On Being the Target of Discrimination
    Barbara Ehrenreich, What I Learned from Men: Lessons for a Full-Grown Feminist
    Jonathan Kozol, Untouchables
    *Toni Cade Bambara, The Lesson
    Additional Essay Assignments

7. Process Analysis
    The Pattern
    Using Process Analysis for a Purpose
      Process Analysis in College, at Work, in the Community
    Supporting Details
    Organizing Details
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing a Process Analysis
    Checklist for Revising a Process Analysis
    Annotated Student Essay: A Visit to Candyland
    Miklós Vámos, How I’ll Become an American
    Diane Cole, Don’t Just Stand There
    Henry Louis Gates, Jr., In the Kitchen
    Timothy Harper, Shoot to Kill
    Jessica Mitford, Behind the Formaldehyde Curtain
    *Naomi Shihab Nye, The Traveling Onion
    Additional Essay Assignments

8. Comparison-Contrast
    The Pattern
    Using Comparison-Contrast for a Purpose
      Comparison-Contrast in College, at Work, in the Community
    Choosing Subjects
    Supporting Details
    Organizing Details
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing Comparison-Contrast
    Checklist for Revising Comparison-Contrast
    Annotated Student Essay: Teaching a New Dog Old Tricks
    Bruce Catton, Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts
    Suzanne Britt, Neat People vs. Sloppy People
    *Nicholas D. Kristof, In Japan, Nice Boys (and Girls) Finish Together
    Alice Walker, Am I Blue?
    Deborah Tannen, Squeaky Wheels and Protruding Nails: Direct and Indirect Speech
    Arthur L. Campa, Anglo vs. Chicano: Why?
    *Robert Frost, Fire and Ice
    Additional Essay Assignments

9. Cause-and-Effect Analysis
    The Pattern
    Using Cause-and-Effect Analysis for a Purpose
      Cause-and-Effect Analysis in College, at Work, in the Community
    Supporting Details
      Avoiding Errors in Logic
    Organizing Details
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing Cause-and-Effect Analysis
    Checklist for Revising Cause-and-Effect Analysis
    Annotated Student Essay: Why Athletes Use Steroids
    *Andrew Sullivan, Why the M Word Matters to Me
    *James Surowiecki, Paying to Play
    Eyal Press, Fouled Out
    Brent Staples, Just Walk on By: A Black Man Ponders His Power to Alter Public Space
    Calvin Trillin, It’s Just Too Late
    Leslie Marmon Silko, Lullaby
    Additional Essay Assignments

10. Classification and Division
    The Pattern
    Using Classification-Division for a Purpose
      Classification-Division in College, at Work, in the Community
    The Ordering Principle for Classification-Division
    Supporting Details
    Organizing Details
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing Classification-Division
    Checklist for Revising Classification-Division
    Annotated Student Essay: Strictly Speaking
    Sissela Bok, White Lies
    Martin Luther King, Jr. The Ways of Meeting Oppression
    David Bodanis, What’s In Your Toothpaste?
    William Zinsser, College Pressures
    Desmond Morris, Territorial Behavior
    Dylan Thomas, Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night
    Additional Essay Assignments

11. Definition
    The Pattern
    Using Definition for a Purpose
      Definition in College, at Work, in the Community
    Supporting Details
    Organizing Details
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing Definition
    Checklist for Revising Definition
    *Annotated Student Essay: Why did the Chicken Cross the Möbius Strip?
    Judy Brady, Want a Wife
    *Jonathan Rauch, Caring for Your Introvert
    Jo Goodwin Parker, What Is Poverty?
    Malcolm Gladwell, The Art of Failure
    Elie Wiesel, To Be a Jew
    Pat Mora, Immigrants
    Additional Writing Assignments

12. The Law and Society: A Casebook for Argumentation-Persuasion
    The Difference between Argumentation and Persuasion
    Purpose and Audience
      Argumentation-Persuasion in College, at Work, in the Community
    Supporting Details
      Logos
      Pathos
      Ethos
      How Logos, Pathos, and Ethos Relate to Purpose and Audience
    Raising and Countering Objections
    The Toulmin Model
    Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
      Induction
      Deduction
    Organizing Argumentation-Persuasion
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Writing Argumentation-Persuasion
    Checklist for Revising Argumentation-Persuasion
    *Annotated Student Essay: Cast Out of Kansas: Music Censorship in Public Libraries
    Should the the Law Allow Cloning of Embryonic Stem Cells?
    *Jeremy Rifkin, Why I Oppose Human Cloning
    *Raymond Barglow, A Reply to Rifkin
    Should Juvenile Offenders Be Treated as Adults?
    The New York Times, Little Adult Criminals
    Laurence Steinberg, Should Juvenile Offenders Be Tried as Adults?
    Linda J. Collier, Adult Crime, Adult Time
    Timothy Roche and Amanda Bower, Young Voices from the Cell
    What Speech Does the First Amendment Protect on College Campuses?
    Nat Hentoff, Free Speech on Campus
    Charles R. Lawrence III, The Debate over Placing Limits on Racist Speech Must Not Ignore the Damage It Does to Its Victims
    *Harvey A. Silvergate and Greg Lukianoff, Speech Codes: Alive and Well at Colleges
    *Howard M. Wasserman, Fan Profanity
    *Robert O’Neil, What Limits Should Campus Networks Place on Pornography?

13. Combining Patterns of Development
    Patterns for a Purpose
    Using the Patterns of Development in Your Writing
    Process Guidelines: Strategies for Combining Patterns
    *Annotated Student Essay: The Telephone Is Out; IM Is In
    *Brad Whetsine, Augustinian Influences
    George Orwell, A Hanging
    Richard Rodriguez, Complexion
    *Pagan Kennedy, One Room, 3,000 Brains
    *Esther Thorson, Dissect an Ad
    E. B. White, Once More to the Lake

14. Locating, Evaluating, and Drawing on Sources
    Using Sources
    Locating Sources
    Evaluating Print and Internet Sources
    Drawing on Sources: Paraphrasing and Quoting
    Integrating Paraphrases and Quotations
    Documenting Sources
    Avoiding Plagiarism
    *Annotated Student Essay: Divorce as a Violation of Trust
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