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Biology, 6/e
Author Dr. George B. Johnson, Washington University
Author Dr. Peter H. Raven, Missouri Botanical Gardens & Washington University
Contributor Dr. Susan Singer, Carleton College
Contributor Dr. Jonathan Losos, Washington University
The Evidence for Evolution

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions



1

As oysters evolved, their shells became
A)narrower
B)flatter
C)thicker
D)more coiled
2

Over time, the horse has demonstrated a reduction in
A)toe number
B)body size
C)tooth length
D)tooth size
3

David Lack's contradiction of Darwin resulted from
A)changes in finches since Darwin's time
B)incorrect observations by Darwin
C)seasonal variations
D)failure to observe carefully
4

The similarity of bone structure in the forelimbs of many vertebrates is an example of
A)analogy
B)homology
C)digitality
D)convergence
5

The many objections raised against evolution can be characterized as
A)without scientific merit
B)religion-based
C)unintelligent
D)entirely arbitrary
6

As adults, humans have a vestige of a tail. It is called the
A)lanugo
B)vermiform
C)placenta
D)coccyx
E)melanic
7

Approximately how long ago did Australia become separated from the other continents?
A)150 million years ago
B)100 million years ago
C)50 million years ago
D)10 million years ago
E)5 million years ago
8

Biston betularia is the scientific name for
A)the peppered moth
B)the appendix
C)malaria
D)baleen whales
E)a Galapagos finch
9

The hypothetical ancestral link between whales and hooved animals are called
A)Archaeopteryx
B)Geospiza
C)euphorbs
D)titanotheres
E)mesonychids
10

How many species of Galapagos finch are there?
A)1
B)7
C)13
D)28
E)hundreds
11

The Galapagos finches are believed to have evolved from __________ mainland species.
A)1
B)7
C)13
D)28
E)hundreds
12

Which of the following is not an example of a vestigial structure in humans?
A)coccyx
B)pelvis
C)appendix
D)all of the above are vestigial
13

During their early stages of development, the embryos of reptiles, birds, and mammals look very similar. This suggests that reptiles, birds, and mammals
A)have a common ancestor
B)live in the same types of environments
C)have undergone parallel evolution
D)are no longer undergoing evolution
E)have gotten rid of all their vestigial structures
14

In what type of environment would you expect melanic moths to be common?
A)in an unpolluted forest
B)in a polluted forest
C)in a formerly polluted forest that has been cleaned up
D)none of the above; melanic moths are never common
15

Which of the following presents evidence of progressive evolutionary change?
A)the fossil record of titanotheres
B)the fossil record of coiled oysters
C)the molecular record of nucleotide substitutions in the globin gene
D)all of the above
E)none of the above
16

Which of the following statements is true?
A)All proteins evolve at the same rate.
B)Marsupial versus placental mammals are an example of divergent evolution.
C)The Galapagos finches are an example of convergent evolution.
D)All of the above are true.
E)None of the above is true.
17

The similarities between marsupials in Australia and placental mammals elsewhere are examples of
A)industrial melanism
B)molecular clocks
C)relative dating
D)convergent evolution
E)absolute dating
18

Using the molecular record to determine phylogenetic relationships is based on the assumption that
A)nucleotide sequences do not change over time
B)nucleotide sequences change at a fairly constant rate over time
C)nucleotide sequences change randomly and erratically over time
D)evolutionary changes occur in phenotypes but not in genotypes
E)all mutations are harmful
19

Who demonstrated that industrial melanism had occurred in England?
A)Tult
B)Gould
C)Darwin
D)Lack
E)Kettlewell
20

If pollution is cleaned up, what should happen to the color of moths living in the woods?
A)color patterns shouldn't change
B)dark-colored moths should change to light-colored
C)light-colored moths should change to dark-colored
D)dark-colored moths should become more common
E)light-colored moths should become more common
21

Which of the following is an example of a nonscientific theory or concept?
A)scientific creationism
B)homologous structures
C)analogous structures
D)industrial melanism
E)all of the above are scientific theories
22

The fact that many forms of aquatic animals look alike even though they had diverse ancestors can be attributed to __________________.
A)convergent evolution
B)divergent evolution
C)development of geographic races
D)chance alone
23

What types of events are typically seen in the fossil record?
A)speciation
B)successive change in structures
C)extinction
D)All of these are typical of the fossil record.
24

The forelimbs of mammals are an example of:
A)vestigial organs
B)analogous structures
C)homologous structures
D)none of the above
25

The change in coloration of the peppered moth is an example of:
A)a population with disruptive selection
B)a population with directional selection
C)a population with stabilizing selection
D)a population with no selection
E)none of the above
26

The presence of gill slits and a tail in the early stages of development of an embryo indicates its future as a fish.
A)True
B)False
27

Which of the following does not apply when discussing the molecular evidence for evolution:
A)related organisms share a greater portion of their DNAs
B)the hemoglobin gene is less similar between humans and dogs than between humans and chimpanzees
C)only DNA can be examined for establishing evolutionary differences
D)molecular evolution progresses more quickly when there is no selection for the gene
E)phylogenetic trees can be established using molecular evidence








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