1
A) slow movement B) increasing use rate C) pollution D) government ownership 2
A) decomposers B) primary consumers C) secondary consumers D) autotrophs 3
A) are represented by crabs and lobsters B) include fish C) are very small animals that live between the sand grains D) are the algae 4
A) that which is consumed by herbivores B) that which is consumed by the producer in metabolism C) secondary productivity D) loss due to mortality 5
A) predictability B) predation C) spatial homogeneity D) high productivity 6
A) absolute dating B) relative dating C) they are equally accurate 7
A) it is increasing B) it is decreasing C) it is holding steady D) it is fluctuating wildly E) we have no way of knowing 8
A) aquifers B) soil and rocks C) the atmosphere D) the sun E) clouds 9
A) water flowed through the system at a greater rate B) nitrogen began to accumulate in the system C) more phosphorus was lost in stream runoff D) all of the above E) none of the above 10
A) biogeochemical cycles B) transpiration C) net primary productivity D) gross primary productivity E) secondary productivity 11
A) nitrogen fixation B) ammonification C) denitrification D) eutrophication E) transpiration 12
A) a carnivore B) a herbivore C) a plant D) all of the above E) none of the above 13
A) pyramid of numbers B) pyramid of energy C) pyramid of biomass D) all can be inverted E) none can be inverted 14
A) 1 B) 10 C) 100 D) 1000 E) 10,000 15
A) fossil fuels B) the oceans C) peat D) all of the above contain a lot of carbon E) none of the above contain much carbon 16
2 in the atmosphere is fixed by photosynthesis?A) 100% B) 70% C) 36% D) 10% E) 1% 17
A) an autotroph B) a horse parasite C) an oak tree parasite D) a wolf E) a seaweed 18
A) streams and rivers B) lakes and ponds C) oceans D) swimming pools E) groundwater 19
A) organisms B) chemicals C) energy D) all of the above E) none of the above 20
A) calcium B) sulfur C) sodium D) carbon E) phosphorus 21
A) 0.03% B) 0.47% C) 21.0% D) 78.0% E) 96.0% 22
A) bacteria B) fungi C) protists D) all of the above E) none of the above 23
A) temperate forests B) tropical forests C) savannas D) wetlands E) boreal forest 24
A) O2 B) glucose C) both of the above D) none of the above E) goats are autotrophs 25
A) biomass B) transpiration C) net primary productivity D) gross primary productivity E) consumer rate 26
A) 1%, 10% B) 10%, 60% C) 10%, 1% D) 60%, 10% 27
A) Carnivores -- secondary or tertiary consumer B) Decomposers -- microbial heterotrophs C) Herbivores -- primary consumer D) Omnivores -- molds, yeasts and mushrooms E) Producers -- autotroph 28
A) producers B) primary consumers C) secondary consumers D) decomposers 29
A) gross primary productivity B) net primary productivity C) standing crop biomass D) transpiration 30
A) True B) False 31
A) Turnover is faster in summer than in winter. B) Residence time is usually of the order of years for terrestrial ecosystems. C) Residence time in lakes during the summer is only a few minutes. D) All of these are true statements. 32
A) evapotranspiration from plants B) rainfall C) snowmelt D) percolation of water through the soil 33
A) nitrogen fixation B) denitrification C) nitrification D) oxidation 34
A) True B) False 35
A) True B) False 36
A) a snake B) a mouse C) a bacterium D) a deer E) an owl 37
A) detritivores B) herbivores C) carnivores D) producers E) none of the above 38
A) termites B) bacteria C) algae D) grasshoppers E) All are producers.
2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education