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Biology, 6/e
Author Dr. George B. Johnson, Washington University
Author Dr. Peter H. Raven, Missouri Botanical Gardens & Washington University
Contributor Dr. Susan Singer, Carleton College
Contributor Dr. Jonathan Losos, Washington University
Evolutionary History of Plants

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions



1

Fern trees occur whereas moss trees do not because
A)ferns do not require swimming sperm
B)the moss sporophyte grows taller than the gametophyte
C)the fern tree is a sporophyte, and the gametophyte grows low on the ground while the moss gametophyte grows relatively tall
D)the fern spores are catapulted away from the sporophyte
2

The plant life cycle is categorized as
A)haplodiplontic
B)diplontic
C)haplontic
D)triplontic
3

The sporophytes of the hornworts
A)are entirely independent of the gametophyte
B)provide all of the nutrition for the gametophyte
C)are entirely dependent upon the gametophyte
D)provide part of the nutrition for the gametophyte
4

The mature male gametophyte of pine is
A)as pollen grain
B)the germinated pollen grain containing two sperm
C)a tree bearing pollen
D)the pollen producing cone
5

The mature female gametophyte of an angiosperm is
A)the archegonium and its egg cell
B)the ovule inside the ovary
C)the carpel after pollination
D)an embryo sac with eight nuclei and seven cells
6

Seedless vascular plants include
A)Anthophyta
B)Ginkophyta
C)Cycadophyta
D)Lycophyta
E)Gnetophyta
7

In which of the following phyla are the sperm not motile?
A)Cycadophyta
B)Gnetophyta
C)Ginkophyta
D)Lycophyta
E)Psilophyta
8

The plant classification level sometimes called division corresponds to the level of _______________.
A)phylum
B)class
C)order
D)family
E)division
9

Which of the following is part of the gynoecium?
A)anther
B)filament
C)carpel
D)stamen
E)sepal
10

Which of the following do not have nutritionally independent gametophytes?
A)masses
B)liverworts
C)gnetophytes
D)hornworts
E)bryophytes
11

The specialized pores called _______________ allow carbon dioxide to enter a plant with a minimum loss of moisture.
A)setae
B)opercula
C)stomata
D)hornworts
E)styles
12

The process of double fertilization is unique to
A)angiosperms
B)cycads
C)gymnosperms
D)ginkos
E)ferns
13

In plant life cycles, which of the following sequences is correct?
A)sporophyte, mitosis, spores, gametophyte
B)spores, meiosis, gametophyte, mitosis
C)gametophyte, meiosis, gametes, zygote
D)zygote, sporophyte, meiosis, spores
E)gametes, zygote, mitosis, spores
14

The _______________ ultimately matures into a fruit.
A)integument
B)ovary
C)carpel
D)archegonium
E)ovule
15

Which of the following is not a vascular plant group?
A)Gnetophyta
B)Anthocerotophyta
C)Psilophyta
D)Sphenophyta
E)Cycadophyta
16

The structure traditionally called pistil is more precisely called
A)style
B)archegonium
C)ovary
D)pollen tube
E)carpel
17

Which of the following do not have nutritionally independent sporophytes?
A)Cycadophyta
B)Psilophyta
C)Gnetophyta
D)Hepaticophyta
E)Spenophyta
18

Which of the following is part of the thrid whorl?
A)calyx
B)petal
C)corolla
D)stamen
E)sepal
19

Which of the following is not characteristic of members of the plant kingdom?
A)carotenoids
B)chlorophyll c
C)chlorophyll a
D)chlorophyll b
E)cellulose cell wall
20

In the Arctic, _______________ are the most abundant plants.
A)mosses
B)liverworts
C)hornworts
D)conifers
E)angiosperms
21

A characteristic feature of mosses, liverworts and hornworts is the presence of usually colorless projections called
A)rhizoids
B)micorrhizae
C)rhizomes
D)roots
E)root hairs
22

Which of the following takes part in the double fertilization and becomes an endosperm?
A)synergid cells
B)egg cell
C)antipodal cells
D)primary endosperm nucleus
E)polar nuclei
23

In the phylum, _______________, the ovules are completely enclosed by sporophyte tissue at the time of pollination.
A)Cycadophyta
B)Ginkophyta
C)Gnetophyta
D)Coniferophyta
E)Anthophyta
24

Which of the following have motile sperm within a pollen tube?
A)Coniferophyta
B)Psilophyta
C)Anthophyta
D)Sphenophyta
E)Cycadophyta
25

Ferns have horizontal stems called
A)mycorrhizae
B)fronds
C)rhizomes
D)setae
E)rhizoids
26

Which of the following cells has a different ploidy level from the rest?
A)cells of a gametophyte
B)zygote
C)root cells of a flowering plant
D)cells of a sporophyte
E)somatic cells
27

Pollen and seeds are structures that allow organisms to achieve reproductive independence from a watery environment.
A)True
B)False
28

In the evolution of land plants, sporophytes became dominant over gametophytes due primarily to what adaptation?
A)airborne pollen
B)vascular tissue
C)seeds
D)diploidy
E)flowers
29

Which of the following statements about gymnosperms and angiosperms is incorrect?
A)The sporophyte is the dominate, conspicuous phase.
B)Both produce triploid endosperm tissue to feed the developing embryo.
C)The sporophyte is well adapted to conditions on dry land.
D)The female gametophytes are attached to and protected by the sporophyte.
E)Both produce pollen and seeds.
30

Before aquatic plants could move onto the land, they had to:
A)develop a way to absorb minerals from the soil
B)find a means of conserving water
C)develop a way to reproduce on land
D)all of the above
E)none of the above
31

A structure that regulates the movement of carbon dioxide into the plant and the movement of water and oxygen out of the plant is:
A)the cuticle
B)the stoma
C)mycorrhizae
D)root hairs
E)all of the above
32

The development of a vascular system in plants allowed:
A)water to move from the roots to the leaves
B)carbohydrates to move from the leaves to the roots
C)a rigid structure that enabled plants to grow taller
D)both a and b
E)a, b, and c
33

The phylum of plants that includes mosses is:
A)Hepaticophyta
B)Anthocerophyta
C)Bryophyta
D)Pterophyta
E)Lycophyta
34

Which of the following is not a characteristic of ferns?
A)Ferns are seedless.
B)Ferns are small plants.
C)Most ferns grow in the tropics.
D)Ferns need water for reproduction.
E)All of the above are correct.
35

The formation of seeds greatly improved plants' adaptation to land by:
A)making dispersal of offspring easier
B)allowing survival during adverse conditions
C)allowing germination during favorable conditions
D)providing nourishment following germination
E)all of the above
36

Which of the following is not a gymnosperm?
A)coconut
B)ginkgo
C)cycads
D)gnetophytes
E)cypress
37

The protective layer covering the ovule of seed plants is the nucellus.
A)True
B)False
38

The gynoecium and androecium together form the perianth.
A)True
B)False
39

Early land plants tended to be composed mainly of gametophyte tissue with smaller sporophyte structures attached or enclosed within.
A)True
B)False
40

Which of the following is not characteristic of dicots?
A)embryo with one cotyledon
B)leaves with parallel veins
C)lateral meristems rarely occur
D)flower parts in 3's or multiples of 3's
E)all of the above are characetrics of dicots








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