1
A) available in the soil only in small amounts B) required by plants in small amounts C) small molecules required by plants D) useful, but not required by plants 2
A) humus, roots, and decomposed material B) roots and small animals C) minerals, small animals, and roots D) small animals, humus, and roots 3
A) solute potential B) water potential C) pressure potential D) osmotic potential 4
A) Na+ B) H+ C) OH- D) Cl- 5
A) oxygen concentration B) temperature C) light D) carbon dioxide concentration 6
A) 10.4 meters B) 8.3 meters C) 5.6 meters D) less than 1 meter E) too little to notice 7
A) capillarity B) gravity C) evaporation D) active transport E) the proton pump 8
A) water potential B) transpiration potential C) field potential D) stem potential E) osmotic potential 9
A) ants B) aphids C) bees D) butterflies E) termites 10
A) in the dark of the night B) just before dawn C) at sunrise D) at noon E) just after sunset 11
A) turgor pressure B) water potential C) pressure potential D) solute potential E) energy potential 12
A) root pressure B) turgor pressure C) evaporation D) high soil mineral concentration E) guttation 13
A) the proton pump B) active transport C) chemiosmosis D) bulk flow E) none of the above 14
A) respiration B) regurgitation C) transpiration D) guttation E) translocation 15
A) cytokines B) ethylene C) gibberellins D) all of the above E) none of the above 16
A) chlorenchyma B) aerenchyma C) colenchyma D) sclerenchyma E) hydrenchyma 17
A) auxin B) abscissic acid C) gibberellin D) cytochrome E) ethylene 18
A) combination of turgor pressure and pressure potential B) difference between pressure potential and osmotic potential C) combination of pressure potential and solute potential D) product of pressure potential and osmotic potential E) difference between pressure potential and solute potential 19
A) the formation of hydrogen bonds with the plants vessels B) bubbles form that are too large to be transported C) the presence of strong ion concentrations near the top of the tree D) the venturi effect of air flowing through stomata E) the tensile strength of a column of water. 20
A) simple diffusion B) osmosis C) active transport D) facilitated diffusion E) reverse osmosis 21
A) photosynthesis B) transpiration C) ion transfer D) sodium pump E) hydrogen bond formation 22
A) K+ B) H+ C) ATP D) CO2 E) Na+ 23
A) 100 B) 90 C) 80 D) 60 E) 50 24
A) phosphorus B) potassium C) nitrogen D) iron E) calcium 25
A) movement of soluble organic materials through plants. B) movement of water through the apoplast. C) evidence of root pressure. D) negative pressure created by transpiration. E) rupture of the water column. 26
A) lose water. B) photosynthesis begins and the internal CO2 concentration decreases. C) gain chloride ions. D) become turgid. E) gain potassium ions. 27
A) endodermis- cortex - epidermis - vessel elements - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata. B) epidermis - cortex - Casparian strip - endodermis - sieve cells - intercellular spaces in the mesophyll - stomata. C) Casparian strip - root hairs - epidermis - cortex - xylem - endodermis - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata. D) root hairs - cortex - endodermis - vessel elements - intercellular spaces in mesophyll - stomata. E) epidermis - endodermis - phloem - cortex of leaf - intercellular spaces of mesophyll - stomata. 28
A) 1-5% B) 10-20% C) 25% D) 40-60% E) over 90% 29
A) air pressure B) adhesion C) cohesion D) tensile strength E) all of the above 30
A) wilting B) increase in carbon dioxide concentration C) darkness D) very high temperatures E) all of the above 31
A) True B) False 32
A) True B) False 33
A) True B) False 34
A) True B) False 35
A) True B) False 36
A) True B) False 37
A) magnesium B) manganese C) sulfur D) potassium E) iron 38
A) nitrogen B) sulfur C) manganese D) calcium E) potassium 39
A) phosphorus B) magnesium C) potassium D) chlorine E) manganese 40
A) boron B) iron C) sulfur D) iodine E) copper 41
A) copper B) molybdinum C) zinc D) manganese E) boron 42
A) carbon B) phosphorous C) nitrogen D) sulfur E) potassium 43
A) micronutrients B) macronutrients C) potassium D) humus E) phosphorus 44
A) iron B) zinc C) molybdenum D) magnesium E) boron 45
A) water B) nitrogen C) calcium D) phosphorus E) potassiuim 46
A) chlorine B) boron C) iron D) sulfur E) potassium 47
A) Chlorine B) Boron C) Iron D) Copper E) Zinc 48
A) in nitrogen fixation B) as an enzyme activator C) in carbohydrate transport D) in chlorophyll synthesis E) in osmosis and ionic balance 49
A) inorganic B) nitrogen C) micronutrient D) calcium E) hydrogen 50
A) chlorophyll B) ADP & ATP C) amino acids D) several coenzymes E) cell walls 51
A) 12 B) 46 C) 63 D) 77 E) 94 52
A) calcium -- formation of cell walls; maintenance of membrane integrity B) iron -- a cofactor for an enzyme in chlorophyll biosynthesis; constituent of the heme group of cytochromes C) magnesium -- component of chlorophyll D) molybdenum -- cofactor; principal divalent cation of cytosol; important in osmotic regulations E) nitrogen -- component of chlorophyll, proteins, nucleic acids 53
A) fertilizers B) coenzymes C) macronutrients D) enzyme activators E) micronutrients 54
A) molybdenum B) lead C) silicon D) sodium E) selenium 55
A) it contains the minerals necessary for plant growth B) it holds water C) most roots are located in the topsoil D) it contains organisms that break down organic debris E) all of the above 56
A) crop rotation B) clearing a field of all plants occasionally so that the nutrients are not being used up and can replenish C) plowing under plant materials left in the field D) the addition of fertilizers increases nutrient levels E) plant soybeans in field to increase nitrogen levels 57
A) potassium-macronutrient and involved in operation of stomata B) chlorine-micronutrient and is a major component of organic molecules C) nitrogen-macronutrient and component of amino acids D) phosphorus-macronutrient and component of phospholipids E) iron-micronutrient and involved in chlorophyll synthesis 58
A) True B) False 59
A) True B) False 60
A) True B) False
2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education