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Biology, 6/e
Author Dr. George B. Johnson, Washington University
Author Dr. Peter H. Raven, Missouri Botanical Gardens & Washington University
Contributor Dr. Susan Singer, Carleton College
Contributor Dr. Jonathan Losos, Washington University
Fueling Body Activities

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions



1

Cell specialization cannot occur in the stomach of Planaria because
A)all cells are exposed to all stages of digestion at the same time
B)its digestive cavity is lined with the wrong kind of epithelium
C)it is too primitive for specialized cells
D)digestive specialization only occurs in a one-way digestive system and the Planaria has a two-way system
2

Compared to that of herbivores, carnivores' intestines are generally
A)longer
B)more convoluted
C)less convoluted
D)about the same
3

Digestion in the lumen of the stomach is limited to
A)carbohydrates
B)proteins
C)fats
D)None of the above. All kinds of food are digested there.
4

Chilomicrons enter the
A)kidney
B)lymphatic capillaries
C)liver
D)blood capillaries
5

The human cecum
A)has been reduced to the appendix
B)is where food enters the stomach
C)is where the final enzyme treatment occurs in digestion
D)is where the small intestine enters the colon
6

Vertebrates store feces in their
A)rectum
B)rumen
C)cecum
D)crop
E)sphincter
7

Which of the following does not occur in the mouth?
A)lubrication of the food
B)beginning of protein digestion
C)breaking the food into small fragments
D)all of the above do occur in the mouth
E)none of the above occurs in the mouth
8

Animals that eat both plant and animal material are called
A)herbivores
B)cloacas
C)incisors
D)carnivores
E)omnivores
9

Which of the following would you be least likely to find in an herbivore?
A)a rumen or cecum
B)molars
C)bacteria in the gut
D)canine teeth
E)a large intestine
10

The vast majority of the absorption of nutrients occurs in the
A)esophagus
B)colon
C)small intestine
D)mouth
E)stomach
11

Which of the following statements about digestion is true?
A)All vertebrates have teeth.
B)Cellulose is easily digested by most animals.
C)Most vertebrates can synthesize all the vitamins they need.
D)It is normal and healthy for vertebrates to have colonies of bacteria living in their digestive tracts.
E)Digestion occurs in only one chamber or region of the vertebrate digestive system.
12

Villi and microvilli are found in the
A)esophagus
B)stomach
C)crop
D)large intestine
E)small intestine
13

Most ulcers occur in the
A)colon
B)duodenum
C)esophagus
D)stomach
E)pancreas
14

Which of the following passageways is part of the cloaca of vertebrates?
A)the rectum
B)the reproductive tract
C)the urinary tract
D)all of the above
E)none of the above
15

Enzymes that break up starches and other carbohydrates are called
A)proteases
B)lipases
C)amylases
D)triglycerides
E)cholecystokinin
16

The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and releases them into the
A)colon
B)gallbladder
C)liver
D)stomach
E)duodenum
17

How many canine teeth does an adult human have?
A)0
B)2
C)4
D)6
E)8
18

The lubricating fluid that is released into the mouth is called
A)saliva
B)mucus
C)gastrin
D)HCl
E)pepsin
19

When a mammal swallows, the nasal cavities are closed off by the
A)esophagus
B)soft palate
C)glottis
D)larynx
E)epiglottis
20

A ring of muscle that closes off a passageway is called a
A)reticulum
B)villi
C)gastric pit
D)cecum
E)sphincter
21

In the stomach, pepsinogen is converted into
A)pepsin
B)bicarbonate
C)HCl
D)glycogen
E)gastrin
22

Bicarbonate is produced by the
A)duodenum
B)liver
C)stomach
D)pancreas
E)salivary glands
23

Bile salts are produced by the
A)stomach
B)liver
C)pancreas
D)gallbladder
E)duodenum
24

The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the _______________ to the _______________.
A)small intestines, liver
B)small intestines, heart
C)liver, heart
D)stomach, heart
E)small intestines, colon
25

When triglycerides combine with proteins, they form small particles called
A)jaundice
B)bile
C)omasum
D)chylomicrons
E)gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
26

Which of the following is not an enzyme?
A)trypsin
B)pepsin
C)gastrin
D)all of the above are enzymes
E)none of the above is an enzyme
27

Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
A)convert glucose to glycogen
B)convert glycogen to glucose
C)detoxify poisonous substances
D)produce blood plasma proteins
E)all of the above are functions of the liver
28

Which of the following substances cannot be absorbed across the wall of the stomach?
A)alcohol
B)water
C)protein fragments
D)all of these can be absorbed
E)none of these can be absorbed
29

Which of the following represents the action of glucagon?
A)Glucagon increases the blood glucose levels by promoting the hydrolysis of glycogen.
B)Glucagon increases the blood glucose level by stimulating insulin production.
C)Glucagon decreases the blood glucose level by promoting the formation of glycogen.
D)Glucagon decreases the blood glucose level by promoting cellular glucose uptake.
30

The digestive system of the snail is a continuous tube from mouth to anus. Which of the following best describes the snail's digestive system?
A)Hydrolytic enzymes are lacking in the digestive system of the snail.
B)The snail has a gastrointestinal tract.
C)The digestive system of the snail is very primitive.
D)Digestion in the snail is intracellular.
E)The snail has a gastrovascular cavity.
31

Small pieces of stone are found in this organ of the bird's digestive system. These small stones facilitate mechanical digestion.
A)Crop
B)Stomach
C)Gizzard
D)Gall bladder
E)Small intestines
32

Digestion takes place in each of the following organs except:
A)mouth
B)stomach
C)small intestine
D)large intestine
E)Digestion occurs in all of the above.
33

The unraveling of proteins in preparation for digestion takes place in the:
A)mouth
B)esophagus
C)stomach
D)small intestine
E)large intestine
34

The primary digestive organ of the digestive system is the:
A)mouth
B)stomach
C)liver
D)small intestine
E)large intestine
35

Which of the following is true for carbohydrate metabolism?
A)Glucagon causes the lowering of blood sugar levels.
B)Animal cells produce cellulases which hydrolyze cellulose.
C)Carbohydrates are absorbed in the form of disaccharides.
D)Glycogen hydrolysis is promoted by the hormone glucagon.
E)Insulin has little effect on carbohydrate metabolism.
36

Which is true for a substance from the pancreas which will buffer the acidic chyme from the stomach when it is loaded into the small intestines?
A)Bicarbonate ions secreted by the endocrine tissue will neutralize acidic chyme.
B)Glucagon from the alpha cells will neutralize acidic chyme.
C)Pancreatic polypeptide will neutralize acidic chyme.
D)Cholecystokinin from the exocrine tissue will neutralize acidic chyme.
E)None of these is true.
37

This hormone from the endocrine cells of the stomach promotes the production of gastric juice.
A)Cholecystokinin
B)Glucagon
C)Gastric inhibitory peptide
D)Secretin
E)Gastrin
38

The pancreas is responsible for the production of:
A)digestive enzymes
B)bicarbonate
C)insulin
D)all of the above
E)none of the above
39

The liver produces bile salts that aid in the digestion of:
A)fats
B)proteins
C)carbohydrates
D)sugars
E)vitamins








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