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Biology Laboratory Manual, 6/e

Darrell S. Vodopich, Baylor University
Randy Moore, University of Minnesota--Minneapolis

Exercise 16 - Genetics

Choose the one answer that best answers the question.


1	Which postulate states that each gamete has an equal chance of possessing either member of a pair of homologous chromosomes?
		A)	Particulate Theory
		B)	Law of Segregation
		C)	Law of Independent Assortment
		D)	Heterozygousity


2	What is the principle behind the Law of Independent Assortment?
		A)	Characters are determined by genes.
		B)	Each gamete has an equal chance of posses either member of a pair of homologous chromosomes.
		C)	Genes on nonhomologous chromosomes will be distributed randomly.
		D)	Genes occur in pairs.


3	What is a gene?
		A)	a unit of heredity on a chromosome
		B)	a protein on the surface of a cell
		C)	a variation of a unit of heredity on a chromosome
		D)	the first generation of offspring


4	What is the difference between phenotype and genotype.
		A)	Phenotype is the physical expression of a trait and genotype is all of the alleles in the organism.
		B)	Genotype is the physical expression of a trait and phenotype is all of the alleles in the organism.
		C)	Phenotype are the alleles that are masked and genotype are the alleles that are expressed.
		D)	Phenotype is when both alleles are the same and genotype is when the alleles are different.


5	If an organism has two alleles for a gene that are the same and are usually masked by another type of allele, then the organism is said to be _____.
		A)	heterozygous
		B)	homozygous dominant
		C)	homozygous recessive
		D)	genetically defective


6	Two organisms mate. One is heterozygous for tallness (Tt) and the other is homozygous recessive (tt). What are the possible phenotypic outcomes for this mating?
		A)	4 tall offspring
		B)	3 tall offspring, 1 dwarf
		C)	2 tall offspring, 2 dwarves
		D)	4 dwarves


7	An infant is born with dwarfism (tt). Which of the following statements is true about the parents?
		A)	Neither is a carrier of dwarfism.
		B)	One parent may be a carrier, but the other may not be.
		C)	Both must be dwarves.
		D)	Both are carriers of dwarfism.


8	What is a definition of codominance?
		A)	A situation in which both alleles are expressed equally.
		B)	A situation in which the heterozygous genotype results in an intermediate characteristic.
		C)	A pair of alleles that are different.
		D)	A unit of heredity on a chromosome.


9	In a married couple, the man and the woman have blood type B. What are the chances that they will produce a child with type O blood?
		A)	0%
		B)	25%
		C)	50%
		D)	100%


10	If individual is able to taste PTC, then which of the following genotypes is that person least likely to be?
		A)	homozygous dominant
		B)	homozygous recessive
		C)	heterozygous
		D)	There is too little information to tell.

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