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  • Schedules of reinforcement refer to the frequency and timing of reinforcement following a desired behavior.
    • A continuous reinforcement schedule involves giving reinforcement after every response.
    • A partial (or intermittent) reinforcement schedule consists of giving reinforcement some but not all of the time.
        Learning occurs more rapidly under a continuous reinforcement schedule.
        Behavior lasts longer after reinforcement stops when it is learned under a partial reinforcement schedule.
    • In a fixed-ratio schedule, reinforcement is given only after a specific number of responses.
    • In a variable-ratio schedule, reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses rather than after a fixed number.
    • Fixed-interval and variable-interval schedules focus on the amount of time that has elapsed since a person or animal was rewarded.
  • In stimulus control training, a behavior is reinforced in the presence of a specific stimulus, but not in its absence.







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