Intercultural communication competence is both individual and contextual.
Social science research has identified four individual components of intercultural communication: motivation, attitudes, behaviors, and skills.
The levels of competence are unconscious incompetence, conscious incompetence, conscious competence, and unconscious competence.
Interpretive and critical perspectives emphasize the importance of contextual constraints on individual intercultural competence.
Applying knowledge about intercultural communication includes entering into dialogue, becoming interpersonal allies, building coalitions, and working for social justice and personal transformation.
Forgiveness is an option when transgression of one cultural group on another is too brutal to understand.
The future holds global challenges for intercultural communication in political, military, and economic contexts.
