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15.1 Prokaryotic Regulation
  • Regulator genes control the expression of genes that code for a protein product.
  1. What are the three elements of an operon?
    Answer
  2. What is a regulator gene and what does it do?
    Answer
  3. What is the function of a repressor molecule?
    Answer
  4. What is the difference between a repressible and an inducible operon?
    Answer
 Essential Study Partner Summaries of major points
  1. Operon model
  2. The trp operon
  3. The lac operon
  4. Further control of the lac operon
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15.2 Eukaryotic Regulation
  • The control of gene expression occurs at all levels, from transcription to the activity of proteins in the cytoplasm.
  • The structural organization of chromatin and various mechanisms help control gene expression in eukaryotes.
  1. True or False: The genes of all eukaryotic cells in a multicellular individual are regulated to produce the same protein at the same time.
    Answer
  2. What is transcriptional control and where does it occur?
    Answer
  3. What are euchromatin and heterochromatin?
    Answer
  4. How does histone interact with chromatin to prevent transcription?
    Answer
  5. Proteins that bind to the promoter region of a gene and then attract and bind with RNA polymerase are called _______________. This protein complex functions to _____________.
    Answer
  6. Differences in how mRNA is processed are a type of ____________ control and occur in the ____________.
    Answer
  7. What are the three means of translational control?
    Answer
  8. What type of molecule is affected by posttranslational control?
    Answer
Summaries of major points:
  1. Expression of genes
  2. Transcriptional control
  3. Posttranscriptional control
  4. Translational control
  5. Posttranslational control
Art Quizzes
15.3 Genetic Mutations
  • Mutations occur when the nucleotide base sequence of DNA changes.
  • Mutations can lead to proteins that do not function or do not function properly.
  • Mutations of regulatory genes are now known to cause cancer.
  1. Which has the potential to cause the greatest change in a protein product, point mutations or frameshift mutations, and why?
    Answer
  2. What is the function of the protein encoded by the p53 gene and what happens if it is inactivated by a mutation?
    Answer
  3. What is the difference between mutagens and carcinogens?
    Answer
  4. Sequences of DNA that can move from location to location within or between chromosomes are called _______________.
    Answer
Summaries of major points:
  1. A genetic mutation is a permanent change in the sequence of bases in DNA
  2. Cause of mutations
  3. Point mutations
  4. Carcinogens
  5. Regulation of the cell cycle
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