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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
Viruses can be seen with a light microscope.
A)True
B)False
2
Bacteriophages are viruses that parasitize bacteria.
A)True
B)False
3
The study of viruses has contributed much to our understanding of _____.
A)disease
B)genetics
C)the characteristics of living things
D)all of the above
4
The classification of viruses is based on _____.
A)their type of nucleic acid
B)size and shape
C)the presence or absence of an outer envelope
D)all of the above
5
Viruses do not display any characteristics of living things.
A)True
B)False
6
Viruses always have at least _____.
A)an outer capsid
B)a cell wall
C)an inner core of nucleic acid
D)both A and C
7
A naked virus lacks a membranous envelope.
A)True
B)False
8
Viruses have both DNA and RNA.
A)True
B)False
9
Viruses are described as non-living because they _____.
A)don't metabolize
B)aren't organized on a cellular level
C)don't respond to stimuli
D)all of the above
10
Which of the following characteristics of living things do viruses have?
A)metabolism
B)cellular organization
C)evolution
D)independent reproduction
11
Which of the following is correctly matched?
A)tobacco mosaic virus - plants
B)hepatitis viruses - brain cells
C)bacteriophages - spleen cells
D)rabies virus - fish
12
A virus relies on the host's _____ for its own reproduction.
A)enzymes
B)ribosomes
C)tRNA and ATP
D)all of the above
13
Viruses are not able to multiply outside a living cell.
A)True
B)False
14
Which of the following produces cells that carry a copy of the latent viral DNA?
A)the lysogenic cycle
B)the lytic cycle
15
Viral DNA does not change so vaccinations are effective for your entire lifetime.
A)True
B)False
16
In the _____ cycle viral replication immediately occurs and viruses are released after lysozyme disrupts the cell wall.
A)lytic
B)lysogenic
17
Viral DNA and capsids are assembled to produce hundreds of viral particles during the _____ stage of the lytic cycle.
A)attachment
B)biosynthesis
C)maturation
D)release
18
Which is the correct order of lytic cycle stages?
A)release, maturation, attachment, penetration, biosynthesis
B)attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, release
C)attachment, biosynthesis, maturation, penetration, release
D)maturation, attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, release
19
RNA animal viruses that have a DNA stage are called _____.
A)bacteriophages
B)retroviruses
C)viroids
20
Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are retroviruses.
A)True
B)False
21
Prions _____.
A)are disease causing proteins
B)are believed to cause Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
C)have been linked to mad cow disease
D)all of the above
22
Disease causing naked strands of RNA are called _____.
A)prions
B)viroids
C)bacteriophages
D)retroviruses
23
Viral diseases _____.
A)should be treated with antibiotics
B)include syphilis, tuberculosis, tetanus and the bubonic plague
C)can be prevented with vaccinations
D)all of the above
24
Some viruses are cancer causing.
A)True
B)False
25
The prokaryotes include _____.
A)bacteria
B)archaea
C)viruses
D)both A and B
26
Prokaryotes are found living _____.
A)at deep sea vents
B)beneath Antarctic ice
C)in humans' intestines
D)all of the above
27
Some bacteria are unable to grow in the presence of oxygen.
A)True
B)False
28
In prokaryotes, genetics recombination can occur by _____.
A)conjugation
B)transduction
C)transformation
D)all of the above
29
Which of the following is not characteristic of a prokaryote?
A)cell wall
B)DNA
C)nucleus
D)plasma membrane
30
Prokaryotes can escape detection by our immune system if they have a _____.
A)capsule and/or slime layer
B)plasma membrane
C)cell wall
D)nucleus
31
Prokaryotes reproduce _____.
A)sexually
B)by binary fission
C)by conjugation
D)all of the above
32
A sex pilus is used to exchange DNA between bacteria during _____.
A)conjugation
B)transformation
C)transduction
D)binary fission
33
Surgical instruments are sterilized by autoclaving so that _____, which form when conditions are unfavorable, are destroyed.
A)plasmids
B)slime layers
C)pili
D)endospores
34
Endospores _____.
A)are a means of reproduction
B)can survive for hundreds of years
C)cannot be killed
D)all of the above
35
Many prokaryotes have accessory rings of DNA called _____ which of often used as vectors for genetic engineering.
A)fimbriae
B)nucleoids
C)plasmids
D)ribosomes
36
The oldest known fossils are of _____.
A)viruses
B)prokaryotes
C)eukaryotes
37
The primary source of genetic variability in prokaryotes is _____.
A)mutations
B)transduction
C)conjugation
D)transformation
38
Since prokaryotes are haploid mutations are immediately subjected to natural selection.
A)True
B)False
39
Facultative anaerobes _____.
A)require a constant supply of oxygen
B)grow in the presence or absence of oxygen
C)die in the presence of oxygen
40
Prokaryotes at deep-sea vents which support the growth of the whole community are _____.
A)photoautotrophs
B)absorptive heterotrophs
C)consumptive heterotrophs
D)chemoautotrophs
41
Photoautotrophic bacteria all produce oxygen when they perform photosynthesis.
A)True
B)False
42
With which of the following do chemoheterotrophic bacteria form mutualistic symbiotic relationships?
A)plants
B)humans
C)cows
D)all of the above
43
Which of the following is associated with prokaryotic activity?
A)decomposition
B)production of antibiotics
C)nitrogen fixation
D)all of the above
44
Gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria _____.
A)stain differently with Gram stain
B)have different amounts of peptidoglycan in their cell walls
C)both A and B
45
Bacteria (domain Bacteria) are the more common type of prokaryote.
A)True
B)False
46
The cell walls of prokaryotes are distinguished by the presence of _____.
A)chitin
B)peptidoglycan
C)silica
D)cellulose
47
There is/are _____ basic shape(s) of bacteria.
A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
48
Tuberculosis is caused by a bacillus which is _____.
A)round
B)helical-shaped
C)rod-shaped
49
Bacteria that photosynthesize and are common in fresh water, soil, and moist surfaces are _____.
A)archaea
B)cyanobacteria
C)commensals
D)all of the above
50
Bacteria classified as streptococci are _____.
A)round or spherical
B)rod-shaped
C)spiral or helical-shaped
51
Carl Woese pioneered a new method of classifying bacteria based on the phylogenetic comparisons of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA sequences.
A)True
B)False
52
Prior to classification based on ribosomal RNA analysis bacteria were subdivided into groups based on phenotypic characteristics like Gram-negative or rod-shaped.
A)True
B)False
53
Cyanobacteria are able to fix nitrogen with their _____.
A)endospores
B)chloroplasts
C)heterocysts
D)nuclei
54
The _____ are believed to be responsible for first introducing oxygen into the primitive atmosphere.
A)green sulfur bacteria
B)cyanobacteria
C)purple bacteria
D)methanogens
55
Gram negative bacteria _____.
A)appear pink when stained with gram stain
B)have a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell wall
C)both A and B
56
Cyanobacteria _____.
A)are gram negative
B)perform photosynthesis in the same manner as plants
C)can be unicellular, colonial or filamentous
D)all of the above
57
The _____ are a phenotypically diverse group of bacteria.
A)Proteobacteria (purple bacteria)
B)Cyanobacteria
C)Chlamydiae
D)Planctomycetes
58
All photosynthetic bacteria produce oxygen during photosynthesis.
A)True
B)False
59
Organisms classified as Spirochaeta or Leptospira are _____ shaped.
A)round or spherical
B)rod
C)spiral or helical
60
Cyanobacteria have chloroplasts in their cells.
A)True
B)False
61
Cyanobacteria have symbiotic relationships with _____ to form lichens.
A)liverworts
B)corals
C)fungi
D)all of the above
62
The halophile archaebacteria live _____.
A)in swamps, marshes, and the guts of animals
B)in salty areas, like the edge of the ocean
C)where it is hot and acidic
D)all of the above
63
The eukaryotic organisms are believed to be more closely related to the archaea than to the bacteria.
A)True
B)False
64
Archaea and eukarya _____.
A)initiate transcription in the same manner
B)have similar types of RNA
C)share some of the same ribosomal proteins not found in bacteria
D)all of the above
65
Some archaea _____.
A)have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan
B)have no cell wall
C)have cell walls that contain chitin
D)all of the above
66
The metabolism of archaea suggests that chemoautotrophy predates photoautotrophy.
A)True
B)False
67
Archaea can be found living in _____ relationships.
A)parasitic
B)commensalistic
C)mutualistic
D)both B and C
68
The activity of the _____ contributes to the greenhouse effect and global warming.
A)halophiles
B)methanogens
C)cyanobacteria
D)none of the above
69
The archaea which are found living in extremely hot acidic environments such as hot springs, geysers, thermal vents and around volcanoes are known as _____.
A)cyanobacteria
B)aquificales
C)thermoacidophiles
D)methanogens
70
There are no photosynthetic archaea.
A)True
B)False
71
The gram staining technique is useful for identification of the various archaea.
A)True
B)False
72
The _____ have a number of mechanisms to survive in environments that are high in salt.
A)halophiles
B)methanogens
C)thermoacidophiles
D)cyanobacteria
73
Which of the following is a viral disease in humans?
A)genital herpes
B)influenza
C)rabies
D)all of the above
74
Which of the following is not a bacterial disease in humans?
A)lyme disease
B)tuberculosis
C)gonorrhea
D)hepatitis
75
Antibiotics _____.
A)selectively kill bacteria
B)should be used whenever someone feels sick
C)only kill of the disease causing bacteria
D)all of the above
76
Viruses are not susceptible to antibiotics so antibiotics should not be taken when you have a cold or the flu.
A)True
B)False
77
Which of the following is a problem associated with antibiotic therapy?
A)misuse of antibiotics increases the number of antibiotic resistant strains
B)people can die if given an antibiotic to which they are allergic
C)the use of antibiotics can prevent natural immunity from occurring
D)all of the above







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