| Application Development Management | The process by which an organization manages the in-house development of software applications.
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| Chargeback Systems | Methods of allocating costs to end user departments on the basis of the information services rendered and information system resources utilized.
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| Chief Information Officer | A senior management position that oversees all information technology for a firm concentrating on long-range information system planning and strategy.
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| Data Center | An organizational unit that uses centralized computing resources to perform information processing activities for an organization. Also known as a computer center.
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| Downsizing | Moving to smaller computing platforms, such as from mainframe systems to networks of personal computers and servers.
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| Global Information Technology | The use of computer based information systems and telecommunications networks using a variety of information technologies to support global business operations and management.
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| IT Architecture | A conceptual design for the implementation of information technology in an organization, including its hardware, software, and network technology platforms, data resources, application portfolio, and IS organization.
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| Offshoring | A relocation of an organization’s business processes to a lower cost location overseas.
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| Outsourcing | Turning over all or part of an organization’s information systems operation to outside contractors, known as systems integrators or service providers.
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| Technology Management | The organizational responsibility to identify, introduce, and monitor the assimilation of new information system technologies into organizations.
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| Transborder Data Flows (TDF) | The flow of business data over telecommunications networks across international borders.
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| Transnational Strategy | A management approach in which an organization integrates its global business activities through close cooperation and interdependence among its headquarters, operations, and international subsidiaries and its use of appropriate global information technologies.
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