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| 1 | |
Classical conditioning is a form of |
| | A) | cognitive learning. |
| | B) | associative learning. |
| | C) | observational learning. |
| | D) | learning based on rewards. |
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| 2 | |
Whenever Eleanor watches the movie Jaws, she becomes afraid when people are attacked by the shark. Eleanor also knows that when she hears the Jaws theme song played, then the shark is about to attack someone. In this example, the conditioned stimulus is |
| | A) | Eleanor.Incorrect. The theme song is the conditioned stimulus, and it is paired repeatedly with shark attacks that already elicit fear. |
| | B) | fear. |
| | C) | the theme song. |
| | D) | the shark. |
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| 3 | |
Because of several painful visits to the dentist, Larissa becomes tense when she sits in the dentist's chair. Recently, however, Larissa has found her visits to the dentist to be relatively painless, and she is not as tense as she used to be. Larissa's behavior suggests that _____ is occurring |
| | A) | shaping |
| | B) | extinction |
| | C) | discrimination |
| | D) | generalization |
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| 4 | |
Craig's dorm room is near a set of railroad tracks, and trains often pass by in the night. Early in the semester, Craig woke up every time a train would go by. Now, he rarely wakes up. Craig has experienced |
| | A) | habituation. |
| | B) | chaining. |
| | C) | generalization. |
| | D) | spontaneous recovery. |
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| 5 | |
_____ occurs when people respond similarly to stimuli that have common features, whereas _____ occurs when people respond differently to stimuli that have many uncommon features. |
| | A) | Generalization; discrimination |
| | B) | Discrimination; generalization |
| | C) | Spontaneous recovery; extinction |
| | D) | Extinction; spontaneous recovery |
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