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1 | Gymnosperms are plants with exposed seeds borne on clusters of scale-like structures called ________. |
| A) | microspores |
| B) | megaspores |
| C) | fruits |
| D) | cones |
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2 | All gymnosperms are homosporous. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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3 | Which generation is dominant in gymnosperms, the gametophyte or the sporophyte? |
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4 | Megaspores occur on female cones and produce female gametophytes. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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5 | List the four phyla of gymnosperms. |
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6 | Which of the following characteristics is not found in all gymnosperms? |
| A) | pollen |
| B) | cones |
| C) | vessels |
| D) | heterospory |
| E) | seeds |
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7 | Cycads resemble ________ because they have large, pinnate, evergreen leaves and unbranched trunks. |
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8 | Which two phyla have flagellated sperm? |
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9 | Ginkgophyta consists of one species. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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10 | A plant with both female and male reproductive structures is ________. |
| A) | dioecious |
| B) | monoecious |
| C) | homosporous |
| D) | heterosporous |
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11 | Which phylum of gymnosperms is the most species rich? |
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12 | Fill in the blanks with these options: microspore mother cells, microspores, microsporophyll, microsporangium, microgametophyte.
Each scale of a male cone bears a ________, which in turn produces diploid _______, which then undergo meiosis to produce ________ that develop via mitotic division into ________ called pollen grains. |
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13 | Pollen is a major evolutionarily adaptation because it allows plants to transport sperm to egg without free water. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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14 | A seed consists of an embryo, a seed coat, and a food supply. In gymnosperms, the food supply is called the ________ and the seed coat is derived from the ________. |
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15 | What is the evolutionary significance of seeds? |
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16 | Ephedra is the only genus of Gnetophyta in the United States. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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17 | Pollination is the same as fertilization. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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18 | How is pollen transported from the male cone to the female cone? |
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19 | Describe two ways that gymnosperms affect your life. |
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