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| 1 | |
The chapter introduction tells the stories of several southerners—Colonel Daniel Jordan; a nameless Texan; Sam Williams and his wife Nancy; Octave Johnson; and Ferdinand Steel—to make the point that |
| | A) | the antebellum South was marked by great diversity but at its core was unified by its slave-based agricultural economy. |
| | B) | the antebellum South had the reputation for being unified in its views of slavery, but actually only a few in the South actively supported the slave-based agricultural economy. |
| | C) | the South was unique among the sections of the U.S. because of racist attitudes and the speculative approach to farming that characterized all classes of its citizens. |
| | D) | the South was not much different from other sections, except that the income of the majority of southerners came from slave-grown cotton, while elsewhere the majority of Americans grew corn or wheat with their own labor. |
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| 2 | |
As the saying goes, "Cotton was king in the Old South." Which statement about cotton is true? |
| | A) | It was grown primarily in the Upper South. |
| | B) | It was grown only by the larger slaveowners. |
| | C) | It was the primary export and the major source of southern wealth. |
| | D) | By 1860 the United States produced almost half of the world's cotton supply. |
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| 3 | |
Each of the following caused damage to the Southern environment EXCEPT |
| | A) | the prevalence of single-crop agriculture. |
| | B) | the deforestation of the Piedmont. |
| | C) | the shift to wheat cultivation. |
| | D) | the population density of the region. |
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| 4 | |
Which statement best summarizes the effects of slavery on the southern economy? |
| | A) | Wealth generated by slave labor transformed the South from a rural to an urban economy. |
| | B) | Slavery was not a very profitable system, but it did lead Tidewater planters to introduce new staple crops like indigo and rice. |
| | C) | Since planters varied in their ability to manage and control slave labor, a few became very wealthy, while most went into debt. |
| | D) | Slavery proved to be a highly profitable investment that concentrated wealth and power in the hands of the planter class. |
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| 5 | |
The legendary "Old South" was derived from the culture of |
| | A) | the Chesapeake Tidewater region and the South Carolina coast. |
| | B) | the black belt region of Alabama and Georgia. |
| | C) | the region surrounding New Orleans. |
| | D) | the frontier regions of Mississippi and Arkansas. |
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| 6 | |
As the story of James Henry Hammond reveals, plantation masters |
| | A) | could ignore the needs of non-slaveholding whites. |
| | B) | subordinated their interests to those of their wives. |
| | C) | operated without any significant limits to their authority. |
| | D) | had to cultivate the loyalty of poorer whites in the region in order to maintain their social and political power. |
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| 7 | |
The upper-class plantation mistress |
| | A) | endorsed a sexual code that kept white women pure but tolerated sexual relations between white men and slave women. |
| | B) | lived lives of leisure centered around artistic and literary pursuits. |
| | C) | enjoyed the unique luxury of criticizing their own role in society as well as the slave system in general. |
| | D) | faced an unexpected variety of burdensome managerial and service duties. |
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| 8 | |
Yeoman farmers |
| | A) | had as many conveniences as their northern counterparts. |
| | B) | tried to compete with planters in selling cash crops. |
| | C) | shared a social life similar to that of their northern counterparts. |
| | D) | developed hostility toward the planter class. |
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| 9 | |
Poor whites |
| | A) | were spread evenly throughout the South. |
| | B) | resented planters more than they disliked slaves. |
| | C) | suffered from malnutrition and illiteracy. |
| | D) | often raised themselves into the planter class. |
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| 10 | |
The slave's diet |
| | A) | led to malnutrition because of insufficient calorie intake. |
| | B) | was one among several reasons for life expectancy lower than whites. |
| | C) | was one among several reasons for a rate of population increase lower than whites. |
| | D) | would be supplemented by gardens, hunting, and stealing. |
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| 11 | |
Nat Turner |
| | A) | became a leading advocate of slavery as a "positive good." |
| | B) | strongly defended humane treatment of slaves as the slaveowner's paternalistic obligation. |
| | C) | led a slave revolt despite enjoying relatively humane treatment by his master. |
| | D) | was an escaped slave who returned to the South to lead other runaways to freedom. |
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| 12 | |
Slave revolts were rarer in the United States than in South and Central America because |
| | A) | southern slaves received better treatment than other slaves. |
| | B) | the distances between plantations were too great to organize an uprising. |
| | C) | whites outnumbered blacks in the American south, while the opposite was true in other slave regions. |
| | D) | All of the answers are correct. |
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| 13 | |
What is NOT true of slave religion? |
| | A) | It was expressed in secret meetings beyond white supervision. |
| | B) | It was central to the culture of most slave communities. |
| | C) | It featured songs with both earthly and heavenly applications. |
| | D) | It remained largely unaffected by Christianity until the 1850s. |
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| 14 | |
Free blacks |
| | A) | were disproportionately female. |
| | B) | sometimes owned their own slaves. |
| | C) | were not always clearly distinguished from slaves. |
| | D) | All these answers are correct. |
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| 15 | |
The Virginia debate of 1832 |
| | A) | led to a resolution declaring slavery was a positive good. |
| | B) | caused the legislature to condemn slavery but adopt no program to deal with it. |
| | C) | led to the adoption of a program of gradual emancipation. |
| | D) | was the last free discussion of slavery in a southern legislature. |
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| 16 | |
All of the following are elements of the proslavery argument developed in the 1830s EXCEPT that |
| | A) | none of the Biblical prophets or Christ himself had ever condemned slavery. |
| | B) | slavery was an unfortunate legacy of earlier tyrannical acts of the English Parliament and northern colonial merchants. |
| | C) | southern slaves lived better lives than northern factory workers. |
| | D) | slaves belonged to an inferior race. |
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| 17 | |
Despite the unique character of the South, southerners had much in common with northerners, including all the following EXCEPT that |
| | A) | most in each section were independent small farmers. |
| | B) | most in each section were materialistic seekers after material wealth. |
| | C) | most in each section adhered to a Protestant denomination that provided Biblical justifications for slavery. |
| | D) | most in each section believed in equal political and economic opportunity for whites. |
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