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| 1 | |
The chapter introduction tells the stories of Timuel Black and Betty Basye in order to |
| | A) | explain the differences between the return to "normalcy" after World Wars I and II. |
| | B) | explain the reasoning behind the American desire to return to isolationism after World War II. |
| | C) | reveal how the desire to put the war behind them did not hide the fact that Americans had been profoundly changed by the war in different ways. |
| | D) | reveal the rationale behind the return to a desire for minimal government intrusion after the war. |
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| 2 | |
The United States and the Soviet Union |
| | A) | ended the war on relatively equal footing. |
| | B) | were sure of each others' intentions after the war. |
| | C) | were the only nations left with sufficient military might to neutralize each other. |
| | D) | were able to put their tensions aside to resolve the postwar political difficulties in Greece. |
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| 3 | |
The U.S. suspicion of the Soviets |
| | A) | had roots extending back to the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. |
| | B) | were heightened by the failure of "appeasement" of Hitler before World War II. |
| | C) | were exacerbated by Stalin's territorial demands in Eastern Europe. |
| | D) | All these answers are correct. |
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| 4 | |
What was the "Munich analogy"? |
| | A) | If the Russians could blockade Munich, they could blockade London. |
| | B) | National power is as enticing and intoxicating as beer at Oktoberfest. |
| | C) | An aggressor might launch a surprise attack at any place, at any time. |
| | D) | You dare not appease aggressors. |
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| 5 | |
Several factors explain the rise of the cold war, according to the text. Which is NOT a correct statement of one these factors? |
| | A) | geopolitical: the Truman administration harbored suspicions about Soviet designs on its neighbors |
| | B) | ideological: both Soviet communism and the "American dream" represented ends and means that the other side hated |
| | C) | economic: both the U.S. and USSR were economically devastated after World War II |
| | D) | historic: the Soviets remembered earlier invasions; the Americans remembered the prewar Nazi-Soviet pact |
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| 6 | |
America's basic cold war strategy emerged when the Truman administration adopted the recommendation of U.S. diplomat and Soviet specialist George Kennan. It is known as the |
| | A) | containment doctrine. |
| | B) | counterinsurgency strategy. |
| | C) | anticommunist crusade. |
| | D) | appeasement policy. |
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| 7 | |
What did the secretary of state offer in his Marshall Plan? |
| | A) | to provide financial aid to rebuild Europe's war-torn economies |
| | B) | to station U.S. troops in Europe to defend democratic nations |
| | C) | to train free-world armies in the art of oriental hand-to-hand combat |
| | D) | to place atomic energy research under United Nations control |
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| 8 | |
In the absence of sufficient U.S. troops to confront the Soviet army in Eastern Europe, what defense strategy was developed by the late 1940s? |
| | A) | atomic détente |
| | B) | nuclear deterrence |
| | C) | a combined NATO army |
| | D) | French and German rearmament |
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| 9 | |
Which of the following is NOT true about the postwar American economy? |
| | A) | Many business leaders feared the end of the war would cause a return to the hard times of the 1930s. |
| | B) | The U.S. entered a period of economic prosperity that did not end until the 1970s. |
| | C) | Government spending did not drop after the war. |
| | D) | The two forces that fueled the postwar boom were consumer spending and government expenditures. |
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| 10 | |
Which statement about the post-war world of work is most accurate? |
| | A) | The percentage of women in the work force declined below 1930s figures. |
| | B) | The cultural and economic status of women's work rose for those women who found jobs. |
| | C) | Minority workers lost their jobs under "last hired, first fired" rules. |
| | D) | A patriotic spirit coupled with pay hikes for unionized white workers prevented strikes. |
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| 11 | |
The GI Bill did all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | pay for the college education of more than 2 million veterans. |
| | B) | provide low-interest loans to veterans so they could start businesses or buy homes. |
| | C) | benefit white males more than minorities or women. |
| | D) | change the trend toward the urbanization of the American population. |
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| 12 | |
In the presidential election of 1948 |
| | A) | the Democrats united solidly behind Truman. |
| | B) | the Republicans sought to control the political center by nominating Thomas Dewey instead of the conservative Robert Taft. |
| | C) | the Chicago Tribune predicted correctly when it announced "Dewey Defeats Truman." |
| | D) | All these answers are correct. |
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| 13 | |
The "shocks of 1949" that led to a surge in anticommunism included the |
| | A) | discovery that the Soviets possessed their own atomic bomb. |
| | B) | victory of Chiang Kai-shek in China. |
| | C) | Soviet takeover of Czechoslovakia. |
| | D) | acquittal of Alger Hiss. |
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| 14 | |
The House Un-American Affairs Committee (HUAC) never proved that members of the film industry were Communist subversives, |
| | A) | because movie stars, writers, and produces united behind the Hollywood Ten. |
| | B) | but they did show how films like The Iron Curtain were financed by the Communist party. |
| | C) | but they were able to demonstrate the subversive effects of motion pictures in the decline of American values. |
| | D) | but, even so, the studios purged anyone suspected of disloyalty and blacklisted accused Communists. |
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| 15 | |
Joseph McCarthy |
| | A) | was used by the Republicans as an instrument to damage the Democratic party. |
| | B) | proved the existence of "card-carrying Communists" in the State Department. |
| | C) | received his information directly from Communist informants. |
| | D) | received further public support after his hearings were broadcast on national television. |
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| 16 | |
NSC-68, a proposal of Truman's National Security Council, called for |
| | A) | a protective nuclear strike against the Soviet Union. |
| | B) | massive U.S. defense expenditures to counter the worldwide Soviet threat. |
| | C) | a U.S. invasion of North Korea. |
| | D) | limited military assistance to Vietnam. |
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| 17 | |
How did the Korean War finally end? |
| | A) | The U.S. withdrew its troops unilaterally when the fighting died down. |
| | B) | China persuaded the North Koreans to retreat within their own borders. |
| | C) | A military deadlock and protracted negotiations finally ended in an armistice that maintained a divided Korea. |
| | D) | With the fighting stalemated, the United Nations interposed its own peacekeeping force. |
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