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| 1 | |
The chapter introduction juxtaposes the stories of Marines in Vietnam and National Guardsmen at Kent State to make what point? |
| | A) | Communist infiltration could harm Americans just as it did the South Vietnamese. |
| | B) | America divided over the fundamental question of who was true friend and who real enemy. |
| | C) | In the Vietnam War, the military was less the villain than the victim. |
| | D) | Poorly prepared and ineptly led armed forces led to America's defeat at home and abroad. |
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| 2 | |
The Tonkin Gulf resolution passed by Congress |
| | A) | authorized President Johnson to take any measure needed to repel attacks on U.S. forces. |
| | B) | blocked further commitment of U.S. ground troops without congressional approval. |
| | C) | called for both U.S. and North Vietnamese forces to withdraw from South Vietnam. |
| | D) | condemned U.S. aggression against the people of Vietnam. |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following is NOT true about the soldiers in Vietnam? |
| | A) | They were most likely to be the sons of working-class families. |
| | B) | The average age for a soldier was 19, compared with an average age of 26 in World War II. |
| | C) | Their successes were measured in "body counts" rather than territory gained. |
| | D) | They were not very well trained before they arrived in Vietnam. |
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| 4 | |
Which of the following did NOT happen as part of the protest against the war in Vietnam? |
| | A) | Students shut down Columbia University and clashed with the police for a week. |
| | B) | Radical protesters against the war set off a bomb in a lab at the University of Wisconsin, killing a graduate student. |
| | C) | African Americans remained reluctant to join the criticism of the war, since Johnson had provided them with so many services on the domestic front. |
| | D) | An antiwar rally in New York City drew over 300,000 participants, including many who defied federal law and burned their draft cards in protest. |
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| 5 | |
The "Tet offensive" of 1968 was |
| | A) | a tactical defeat for the South Vietnamese. |
| | B) | a political defeat for the United States. |
| | C) | a total victory for the Viet Cong forces. |
| | D) | fought to a draw. |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following was NOT an example of political violence in American society in 1968? |
| | A) | the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. |
| | B) | the assassination of Robert Kennedy |
| | C) | the deaths of four students at Kent State |
| | D) | the police attacks on antiwar protesters at the Chicago Democratic convention |
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| 7 | |
What key segment of the American electorate did both George Wallace and Richard Nixon try to attract? |
| | A) | individualistic-minded westerners |
| | B) | the unemployed |
| | C) | senior citizens |
| | D) | the white lower-middle class |
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| 8 | |
The Nixon-Kissinger team |
| | A) | shared a global vision for a U.S. foreign policy with scaled-back military commitments overseas. |
| | B) | paired a traditional small-town conservative with a troubled and profane easterner. |
| | C) | showed how effective an active vice president could be. |
| | D) | brought little foreign affairs expertise to the White House. |
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| 9 | |
The term "Vietnamization" refers to the policy of |
| | A) | shifting the burden of actual combat to the South Vietnamese. |
| | B) | training United States troops in the "Nine Rules" for understanding Vietnamese culture. |
| | C) | shifting U.S. military operations from conventional tactics to guerrilla-type combat like the Viet Cong. |
| | D) | countering antiwar propaganda by a campaign to tell the "real story" in Vietnam. |
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| 10 | |
Nixon's foreign policy successes included |
| | A) | a successful ending to the war in Vietnam. |
| | B) | a détente with Cuban leader Fidel Castro. |
| | C) | the opening of American relations with China. |
| | D) | further intimidation of the Soviet Union. |
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| 11 | |
The concept of identity politics |
| | A) | built upon traditional liberal concerns about equality. |
| | B) | strengthened the Democratic party. |
| | C) | led to a movement against affirmative action. |
| | D) | emphasized a pluralistic model over the unified one promoted by integrationists. |
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| 12 | |
Why did Hispanics and Indians have less success than blacks in creating unified movements? |
| | A) | Neither group had the leadership enjoyed by the African American civil rights organizations. |
| | B) | The white backlash discouraged activism by other racial and ethnic minorities. |
| | C) | Latino and native groups preferred to identify with their particular national or tribal heritage. |
| | D) | Neither group faced prejudice and discrimination the way blacks did. |
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| 13 | |
The defining moment in the gay rights movement came when |
| | A) | patrons at the Stonewall Tavern in New York City responded to a police raid by throwing parking meters and paving stones at the officers. |
| | B) | the American Psychiatric Association called homosexuality a "mental disorder." |
| | C) | the Mattachine Society and the Daughters of Bilitis were founded in the 1950s. |
| | D) | Huey Newton observed that homosexuals "might be the most oppressed people" in American society. |
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| 14 | |
Each of the following events furthered the movement for women's rights EXCEPT |
| | A) | the publication of The Feminine Mystique. |
| | B) | the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment. |
| | C) | the decision in Roe v. Wade. |
| | D) | the foundation of the National Organization for Women. |
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| 15 | |
Each of the following happened with the environmental movement EXCEPT that |
| | A) | it received a significant boost in public awareness after Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring warned of the damage being done by the pesticide DDT. |
| | B) | it got President Nixon to call for more stringent environmental regulation. |
| | C) | it stopped the construction of an Alaskan oil pipeline because of the damage it would have caused to the environment. |
| | D) | it gained enough popular support to begin the celebration of a national "Earth Day" in 1970. |
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| 16 | |
Nixon's slogan "the New Federalism" was supposed to mean |
| | A) | greater centralization of power and resources in Washington, D.C. following Hamiltonian theory. |
| | B) | the revival of the cabinet as a collective decision-making agency. |
| | C) | restoring to Congress more voice and initiative in framing domestic and foreign policy. |
| | D) | a reversal of the trend toward centralization of power and revenues in Washington, D.C. |
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| 17 | |
All of the following accurately describe the troubled economy during the 1970s EXCEPT that |
| | A) | American leadership in heavy industry, especially in automobile manufacturing, suffered from management and labor inefficiencies as well as foreign competition. |
| | B) | hardest-hit were the older industrial cities of Northeast and Midwest. |
| | C) | economic trends changed from high inflation and high unemployment to the opposite. |
| | D) | political, economic, and environmental crises undermined the American faith in limitless growth and technological solutions. |
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| 18 | |
All of the following represent achievements of the reform movements of the 1970s EXCEPT |
| | A) | implementation of the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act. |
| | B) | addition of the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution. |
| | C) | celebration of Earth Day to keep environmental consciousness alive. |
| | D) | establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency. |
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| 19 | |
How did U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War finally end? |
| | A) | with the unilateral withdrawal of U.S. troops |
| | B) | with the negotiated withdrawal of U.S. troops according to a treaty with North Vietnam |
| | C) | with the negotiated withdrawal of U.S. troops according to a treaty with South Vietnam |
| | D) | with an international peace conference after the defeat of a large U.S. force |
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