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| 1 | |
The chapter introduction tells the story of San Diego's Horton Plaza to make the point that |
| | A) | malls like Horton Plaza caused the decline of downtown business districts. |
| | B) | Ronald Reagan's successful presidential campaign focused on California-style shopping malls. |
| | C) | religious activists began to relocate Sunday services from traditional churches to the new retail malls. |
| | D) | malls, as centers of consumer culture, symbolized the private quest for personal fulfillment typical of the 1980s. |
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| 2 | |
The media |
| | A) | refused to have any interaction with the emerging faction of religious conservatives. |
| | B) | forced the film industry to hold strictly to the production code of the 1930s. |
| | C) | became a battleground on which the conservative determination to censor content clashed with a liberal commitment to free speech and toleration for diversity in lifestyles. |
| | D) | was the originating force behind People for the American Way, a lobbying group that supported the Moral Majority. |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following aptly describes the biggest weakness of Carter's first actions as president, according to the text? |
| | A) | a devil-may-care, undisciplined approach |
| | B) | too much too soon |
| | C) | simplicity and directness |
| | D) | None of these answers is correct. |
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| 4 | |
Each of the following is an example of the good fortune Reagan received during his first administration EXCEPT |
| | A) | how the deaths of three aging Soviet leaders greatly reduced the influence of the Soviet Union. |
| | B) | how Vice President Bush was able to assist the president with many of the day-to-day duties of his position. |
| | C) | how Iran announced it would release American hostages held for more than a year, the same day Reagan took office. |
| | D) | how the 1981 assassination attempt on him left him with a chest wound that was not life-threatening. |
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| 5 | |
Two of President Reagan's major goals upon entering office were |
| | A) | to reduce the role of the president and to establish peace in the Middle East. |
| | B) | to fix the economy and build American prestige. |
| | C) | to protect the rights of minorities and to balance the federal budget. |
| | D) | to reduce the role of the federal government and to persuade state governments to fund the New Deal/Great Society agencies that had been supported by the federal government. |
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| 6 | |
Demonstrating a desire to curb the power of organized labor, the Reagan administration took a hard line against an illegal strike by |
| | A) | the Teamsters. |
| | B) | air traffic controllers. |
| | C) | FBI agents. |
| | D) | the Labor Department. |
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| 7 | |
What is meant by "supply-side economics"—the new Reagan approach to economic policy in the early 1980s? |
| | A) | the attempt to increase domestic oil supplies |
| | B) | cutting back welfare and other programs for the poor to force them to provide for their own needs |
| | C) | encouraging, through tax cuts, private-sector investment that would create new jobs, thus promoting economic growth and increasing net tax revenues |
| | D) | keeping interest rates high to increase the money supply |
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| 8 | |
Reagan's defense spending |
| | A) | was intended to support a forceful foreign policy that would contain Soviet power. |
| | B) | was reduced to its lowest level since the Eisenhower administration. |
| | C) | was used, in conjunction with supply-side economics, to balance the budget. |
| | D) | was focused solely on building up the nation's nuclear arsenal. |
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| 9 | |
The Iran-Contra connection |
| | A) | was run primarily by the secretaries of defense and state in the Reagan administration. |
| | B) | used funds gained by selling arms to the Iranians to circumvent the Boland Amendment. |
| | C) | was directed with full knowledge of President Reagan. |
| | D) | was exposed by an army officer named Oliver North. |
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| 10 | |
Improved relations between the United States and the Soviet Union were caused by |
| | A) | Reagan's willingness to reduce spending on the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). |
| | B) | the weak economy of the Soviets, caused at least in part by Reagan's acceleration of the arms race. |
| | C) | Gorbachev's willingness to reduce the Soviet military presence in Europe. |
| | D) | the victory of the Soviet Union in Afghanistan. |
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| 11 | |
The text suggests that Reagan's second term was beset by problems that stemmed from two characteristic aspects of his administration: |
| | A) | awkwardness with the media, and hatred of his enemies. |
| | B) | a singular focus on the Soviet Union as the source of unrest in the world, and a hands-off management style. |
| | C) | religious conservatism, and ignorance about the Middle East. |
| | D) | militarism, and congressional opposition. |
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| 12 | |
The Reagan and Bush administrations sent American forces abroad in all of the following cases EXCEPT |
| | A) | to a Caribbean island to protect Americans and topple a leftist government. |
| | B) | to Beirut to mediate between religious and political sects. |
| | C) | to Nicaragua to fight alongside the Contra rebels. |
| | D) | to the Persian Gulf to expel Iraqis from Kuwait. |
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| 13 | |
Each of the following was a part of the end of the cold war EXCEPT |
| | A) | the tearing down of the Berlin Wall in 1989. |
| | B) | the fall of Communist dictators from power in Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Czechoslovakia. |
| | C) | the splintering of the Soviet Union in 1991. |
| | D) | President Bush's willingness to condemn the Chinese government for its attacks on student dissidents in Tiananmen Square in 1989. |
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| 14 | |
Which of the following happened during Operation Desert Storm? |
| | A) | The United States prevented Saddam Hussein from practicing ecoterrorism. |
| | B) | The United States needed months to subdue the Iraqi Republican Guards. |
| | C) | The United States liberated the Iraqi capital of Baghdad. |
| | D) | The United Nations alliance destroyed Iraq's military capabilities within 100 hours, predominantly through the use of air attacks. |
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| 15 | |
Which statement best explains Bill Clinton's victory in 1992? |
| | A) | As a southerner and liberal, Clinton rebuilt the traditional Democratic coalition and won a solid majority of both popular and electoral votes. |
| | B) | Voters, in an upbeat mood, rejected the sour criticisms of Bush and Perot and embraced Clinton's optimistic vision for change. |
| | C) | Worried about growing instability around the world, voters opted for the candidate with experience in foreign affairs. |
| | D) | Many one-time supporters of President Bush voted against him this time on either ideological or economic grounds. |
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