| backflushing | Exploding an end item's BOM to determine the quantities of the components that were used to make the item.
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| bill of materials (BOM) | One of the three primary inputs of MRP; a listing of all of the raw materials, parts, subassemblies, and assemblies needed to produce one unit of a product.
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| capacity requirements planning | The process of determining short-range capacity requirements.
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| changes | Revisions of due dates or order quantities, or cancellations of orders.
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| cumulative lead time | The sum of the lead times that sequential phases of a process require, from ordering of parts or raw materials to completion of final assembly.
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| dependent demand | Demand for items that are subassemblies or component parts to be used in the production of finished goods.
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| distribution resource planning (DRP) | A method used for planning orders in a supply chain.
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| enterprise resource planning (ERP) | Integration of financial, manufacturing, and human resources on a single computer system.
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| exception reports | Data on any major discrepancies encountered.
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| gross requirements | Total expected demand for an item or raw material in a time period.
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| inventory records | One of the three primary inputs in MRP; includes information on the status of each item by time period.
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| load reports | Department or work center reports that compare known and expected future capacity requirements with projected capacity availability.
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| lot sizing | Choosing a lot size for ordering or production.
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| low-level coding | Restructuring the bill of materials so that multiple occurrences of a component all coincide with the lowest level at which the component occurs.
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| manufacturing resources planning (MRP II) | Expanded approach to production resource planning, involving other areas of a firm in the planning process and enabling capacity requirements planning.
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| master schedule | One of three primary inputs in MRP; states which end items are to be produced, when these are needed, and in what quantities.
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| material requirements planning (MRP) | A computer-based information system that translates master schedule requirements for end items into time-phased requirements for subassemblies, components, and raw materials.
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| net-change system | Approach that updates MRP records continuously.
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| net requirements | The actual amount needed in each time period.
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| order releases | Authorization for the execution of planned orders.
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| pegging | The process of identifying the parent items that have generated a given set of material requirements for an item.
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| performance-control reports | Evaluation of system operation, including deviations from plans and cost information.
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| planned-order receipts | Quantity expected to be received by the beginning of the period in which it is shown.
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| planned-order releases | Planned amount to order in each time period; planned-order receipts offset by lead time.
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| planned orders | Schedule indicating the amount and timing of future orders.
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| planning reports | Data useful for assessing future material requirements.
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| product structure tree | A visual depiction of the requirements in a bill of materials, where all components are listed by levels.
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| projected on hand | Expected amount of inventory that will be on hand at the beginning of each time period.
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| regenerative system | Approach that updates MRP records periodically.
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| scheduled receipts | Open orders scheduled to arrive from vendors or elsewhere in the pipeline.
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| time fences | Series of time intervals during which order changes are allowed or restricted; the nearest fence is most restrictive to change, the farthest is least restrictive.
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