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Chapter Quiz
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1The act of the government to censor the press by stopping it from publishing or broadcasting material is known as:
A)prior restraint
B)a federal injunction
C)gag rule
D)shield law


2The Pentagon Papers case was significant because:
A)for the first time in history, a U.S. paper was ordered by the courts to suppress a specific story.
B)the Supreme Court intervened and decided in favor of the New York Times.
C)each of the nine justices wrote separate opinions highlighting the ambiguities and complexities of prior restraint.
D)all of these


3Reporter's rights to protect their sources are covered by:
A)prior restraint
B)gag rules
C)shield laws
D)all of these


4The provision that stated that the taking of photographs in the courtroom and the broadcasting of court proceedings may not be permitted is called:
A)the First Amendment
B)the Freedom of Information Act
C)the Fairness Doctrine
D)Canon 35


5Spoken defamation is known as:
A)libel
B)slander
C)libel per se
D)libel per quod


6A defense against libel is:
A)the Truth
B)privilege
C)fair comment and criticism
D)all of these


7In addition to the purpose of the use, all of the following are considered when determining fair use of copyrighted material except:
A)the nature of the copyrighted work
B)the wishes of the original author(s)
C)the amount reproduced in proportion to the copyrighted work as a whole
D)the effect of the use on the potential market value of the copyrighted work


8The law that states that if a broadcasting station permits one political candidate to appear on the air, it must offer the same opportunity to all other candidates for that office is:
A)The Equal Opportunities rule
B)The Fairness Doctrine
C)The Telecommunications Act of 1996
D)The Hicklin rule


9The Telecommunications Act of 1996 was significant because:
A)it removed the limits on the number of radio stations that could be owned by one person or organization
B)it allowed telephone companies to enter the cable television business
C)it mandated that newly manufactured TV sets have the ability to block unwanted programming based on a electronically encoded rating (V-chip)
D)all of these


10When an advertiser agrees to halt a certain advertising practice but does not admit a violation of the law, it is called a(n):
A)injunction
B)consent order
C)cease-and-desist order
D)corrective advertising procedure


11Reporters in every state in America are covered by the same shield laws.
A)True
B)False


12Gag rules are restrictive orders that prohibit trial participants from giving information to the media or that restrain media coverage of events that occur in court.
A)True
B)False


13The law that gave the public the right to know what the federal government was doing, with certain exceptions, is called the Fairness Doctrine.
A)True
B)False


14Invasion of privacy can be triggered by disclosing false information.
A)True
B)False


15The Hicklin rule and the Roth test are means of determining obscenity.
A)True
B)False


16The Patriot Act gave the government more power to access e-mail and telephone records.
A)True
B)False


17Copyright laws do little to protect an author against unfair appropriation of his or her work.
A)True
B)False


18The First Amendment protects commercial speech.
A)True
B)False





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