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| 1 | |
According to the text, the classic illustration of altruism is provided by |
| | A) | the Kitty Genovese case. |
| | B) | the parable of the Good Samaritan. |
| | C) | the parable of the Prodigal Son. |
| | D) | President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. |
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| 2 | |
According to social-exchange theory we will help when |
| | A) | the benefits are external and the costs are internal. |
| | B) | the benefits are greater than the costs. |
| | C) | the benefits and costs are proportional. |
| | D) | the benefits are smaller than the costs. |
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| 3 | |
The social-responsibility norm is an expectation that people will |
| | A) | help those who really need it. |
| | B) | help those who have helped them. |
| | C) | assume responsibility for helping their parents. |
| | D) | assume responsibility for correcting past mistakes. |
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| 4 | |
Latane and Darley attempted to explain people's failure to intervene in cases like that of Kitty Genovese in terms of |
| | A) | situational influences. |
| | B) | personality traits. |
| | C) | mood factors. |
| | D) | selfish genes. |
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| 5 | |
Researchers had participants fill out a questionnaire in a room either by themselves or with two strangers. When the experimenters pumped smoke through a wall vent, solitary participants were more likely than those in a group to |
| | A) | quickly notice the smoke . |
| | B) | misinterpret the smoke as being truth gas. |
| | C) | delay going to seek help. |
| | D) | do all of these. |
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| 6 | |
What is meant by the term "bystander effect"? |
| | A) | People are likely to gather at the scene of a serious accident. |
| | B) | People who gather at the scene of a fire frequently hamper firefighters’ operations. |
| | C) | People are more likely to provide aid when there are helping models present. |
| | D) | People are less likely to provide help when there are other bystanders. |
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| 7 | |
Darley and Latane's studies of bystander effects showed that as the number of bystanders at an emergency increases, people become less likely to |
| | A) | notice the incident. |
| | B) | interpret the incident as an emergency. |
| | C) | assume responsibility for intervening. |
| | D) | do all of these. |
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| 8 | |
Students who listened over an intercom to a victim lapse into an epileptic seizure were most likely to help if they believed |
| | A) | they were the only listeners. |
| | B) | two others also overheard the victim. |
| | C) | four others also overheard the victim. |
| | D) | the experimenter also overheard the victim. |
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| 9 | |
When participants in Darley and Latane's seizure experiment were interviewed after debriefing from the experiment, they all said they thought the deception used by the experimenters __________ justified and that they __________ be willing to take part in future similar experiments. |
| | A) | was; would not |
| | B) | was not; would |
| | C) | was not; would not |
| | D) | was; would |
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| 10 | |
Research has indicated that when students have been informed through a lecture of how bystanders can affect one's reactions to an emergency, |
| | A) | the students are subsequently more likely to help someone in need. |
| | B) | their willingness to help is unchanged, for they refuse to believe they can be influenced by other people. |
| | C) | their willingness to help is increased for a few hours following the lecture, but for no longer. |
| | D) | their willingness to help actually decreases, due to psychological reactance. |
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| 11 | |
The ability to understand and feel what another feels constitutes |
| | A) | altruism. |
| | B) | moral exclusivity. |
| | C) | reciprocity. |
| | D) | empathy. |
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| 12 | |
The statement, "There is no duty more indispensable than that of returning a kindness," reflects the __________________ norm. |
| | A) | restitution |
| | B) | reciprocity |
| | C) | social-responsibility |
| | D) | equity |
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| 13 | |
Tanika escaped from an abusive relationship. Now, she is most likely to contribute to a fundraising appeal for |
| | A) | helping abused women leave abusive relationships. |
| | B) | counseling distressed abusers. |
| | C) | flower baskets to decorate neighborhood streets. |
| | D) | grants to senior-citizen artists. |
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| 14 | |
Rodney is on the bus when another passenger suddenly clutches her chest and falls over unconscious. Rodney is most likely to try to help if |
| | A) | it is rush hour and he is late for work. |
| | B) | he has just broken up with his girlfriend and cannot keep his mind off his sorrows. |
| | C) | the bus is crowded. |
| | D) | he watched a TV show last night called on "everyday heroes," profiling people who stopped to help when it was needed. |
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| 15 | |
We interpret ambiguous situation by checking to see what other people around us are doing, a process of |
| | A) | self-serving comparison. |
| | B) | bystander intervention. |
| | C) | informational influence. |
| | D) | false consensus. |
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