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| 1 | |
The development of primary sex characteristics in females involves: |
| | A) | a rapid change in height and weight. |
| | B) | growth and development of the breasts. |
| | C) | growth and development of the ovaries. |
| | D) | changes in the distribution of fat. |
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| 2 | |
Secondary sex characteristics manifest themselves primarily through changes in: |
| | A) | the skeletal system. |
| | B) | the circulatory system. |
| | C) | the blood system. |
| | D) | external appearance. |
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| 3 | |
The optimal level of a particular hormone in your body is known as: |
| | A) | the secretion level. |
| | B) | the set point. |
| | C) | the activation point. |
| | D) | the organization point. |
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| 4 | |
Which best describes the process of puberty? |
| | A) | it is a gradual process that begins at conception |
| | B) | it is a rather sudden process that begins during the preteen years |
| | C) | it begins after the development of secondary sex characteristics |
| | D) | it begins after the development of primary sex characteristics |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following is true of sex hormones released by the gonads? |
| | A) | androgens are found only in males and estrogens only in females |
| | B) | androgens are found only in females and estrogens only in males |
| | C) | androgens and estrogens are found in both genders, in equal amounts |
| | D) | androgens and estrogens are found in both genders, in different amounts |
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| 6 | |
The feedback loop primarily responsible for maintaining the endocrine system's set point is the: |
| | A) | FSH-RF axis. |
| | B) | LH-RF axis. |
| | C) | menarche-spermarche axis. |
| | D) | the HPG axis. |
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| 7 | |
There is evidence that ________ may be the most important signal of the onset of puberty. |
| | A) | rising levels of the fatty protein "leptin" |
| | B) | lower levels of body fat |
| | C) | increasing levels of stress |
| | D) | an increasing interest in exercise |
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| 8 | |
The main reason some teens look awkward and "gangly" during puberty is: |
| | A) | different body parts (arms and legs) grow at the same time. |
| | B) | different body parts (arms and legs) grow at different times. |
| | C) | optical illusions in appearance arising from the growth spurt. |
| | D) | the increase in both muscle and fat. |
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| 9 | |
In regard to the relation between adolescence (puberty) and stress, all of the following are true except: |
| | A) | adolescence is an inherently stressful time. |
| | B) | adolescence is a time of heightened vulnerability to stress. |
| | C) | adolescence is a period characterized by an excessive secretion of the stress hormone cortisol. |
| | D) | during puberty, the hormonal changes make us more responsive to stress. |
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| 10 | |
All of the following are ways that hormones can affect behavior, except: |
| | A) | hormonal changes of puberty may increase adolescents' desire for highly rewarding, sensation-seeking activities. |
| | B) | rapid increase in hormones may be associated with irritability, impulsivity, aggression (boys) and depression (girls). |
| | C) | the "storm and stress" of adolescence is caused by raging hormones. |
| | D) | hormonal changes may stimulate an individual's sex drive. |
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| 11 | |
Recently Cory, a fifteen-year-old, has begun complaining about difficulties with falling asleep at night and waking up early in the morning. These changes in patterns of sleep are due to: |
| | A) | biological factors |
| | B) | environmental factors |
| | C) | biological and environmental factors |
| | D) | personal preference |
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| 12 | |
Which of the following statements about sleep during adolescence is false? |
| | A) | the delayed phase preference has been seen in other mammals as well as humans |
| | B) | adolescents tend to go to bed later/sleep in later because of purely external, environmental factors |
| | C) | the delayed phase preference is driven by biological changes of puberty |
| | D) | during puberty, melatonin levels begin to rise at later and later times of night |
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| 13 | |
Which are, in general, the earliest changes that occur during pubertal growth? |
| | A) | breast growth in females; change of voice in males |
| | B) | underarm hair in females; change of voice in males |
| | C) | breast growth in females; growth of testes in males |
| | D) | menarche in females; growth of testes in males |
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| 14 | |
A relatively late pubertal development reflecting the culmination of a long series of hormonal changes in females is: |
| | A) | breast development. |
| | B) | growth of pubic hair. |
| | C) | menarche. |
| | D) | body growth. |
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| 15 | |
What is true about pubertal development in females? |
| | A) | full reproductive function occurs at menarche |
| | B) | mature physical appearance signals full reproductive function |
| | C) | ovulation becomes regular at menarche |
| | D) | it is incorrect to use menarche as a marker for the onset of puberty |
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| 16 | |
Within the United States, ethnic differences in the timing of pubertal maturation of females are as follows (from earliest to latest developing): |
| | A) | Blacks, Whites, Mexican Americans. |
| | B) | Whites, Mexican Americans, Blacks. |
| | C) | Mexican Americans, Blacks, Whites. |
| | D) | Blacks, Mexican Americans, Whites. |
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| 17 | |
According to research presented in the textbook, of the following adolescent girls, who is likely to go through puberty the latest? |
| | A) | Tara, someone who has grown up with a stepfather |
| | B) | Shelley, someone who was physically abused during childhood |
| | C) | Kristen, someone who has grown up in a high-conflict family |
| | D) | Jennifer, a ballerina who has engaged in excessive dieting for the last 2 years |
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| 18 | |
The most important factor for explaining individual differences in the timing and rate of puberty among individuals growing up in the same general environment is: |
| | A) | genetic factors. |
| | B) | physical environmental factors. |
| | C) | social factors. |
| | D) | nutrition and health factors. |
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| 19 | |
Which statement regarding self-image during puberty is false? |
| | A) | White girls' mental health is more adversely affected than Black girls'. |
| | B) | Girls' mental health is more adversely affected during puberty than males'. |
| | C) | White girls are at greater risk than other ethnicities for developing a poor body image. |
| | D) | Feelings about one's own appearance become increasingly more negative as children move from adolescence to adulthood. |
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| 20 | |
The tendency to stay up later at night, and sleep later in the morning in adolescents is driven by the biological changes of puberty and is known as: |
| | A) | delayed phase preference. |
| | B) | FSH release shift. |
| | C) | REM sleep shift. |
| | D) | LH release shift. |
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| 21 | |
In adolescent males, some researchers regard ________ as the analogous process to females' menarche. |
| | A) | penis growth |
| | B) | first ejaculation |
| | C) | development of the testes |
| | D) | the voice change |
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| 22 | |
Adolescent girls' attitudes toward menarche tend to be strongly influenced by: |
| | A) | the attitudes of their male peers. |
| | B) | the attitude of their fathers. |
| | C) | discussions she has had with females she feels close to. |
| | D) | what she learns about menarche in school. |
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| 23 | |
How do males compare to females in terms of their reaction to specific pubertal events (i.e., first ejaculation and menarche, respectively)? |
| | A) | both males and females are likely to share their events with friends and family |
| | B) | males are more likely than females to share their events with friends and family |
| | C) | females are more likely than males to share their events with friends and family |
| | D) | neither females nor males are likely to share their pubertal events with others |
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| 24 | |
At least one study found that most female adolescents respond positively to: |
| | A) | breast development. |
| | B) | the growth spurt. |
| | C) | menarche. |
| | D) | pubic hair growth. |
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| 25 | |
A teenage male who is abusing drugs and engaging in antisocial behavior is most likely a(n): |
| | A) | early maturer. |
| | B) | "on-time" maturer. |
| | C) | late maturer. |
| | D) | none of the above, because this behavior is not related to pubertal events |
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| 26 | |
Disordered eating and body dissatisfaction has been reported among: |
| | A) | only White adolescents. |
| | B) | only Black adolescents. |
| | C) | only affluent adolescents. |
| | D) | poor and affluent adolescents as well as White and non-White adolescents. |
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| 27 | |
One reason early-maturing males have the difficulties they have may be that: |
| | A) | the hormonal changes they experience tend to be stronger than the changes experienced by late-maturing males. |
| | B) | they tend to come from families that have more problems. |
| | C) | they do not have as much time as their late-maturing male peers to adapt to the changes that puberty brings. |
| | D) | they are looked down upon by their peers. |
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| 28 | |
How do early versus late-maturing females compare in terms of emotional difficulties (lowered self-image, higher rates of depression, anxiety, and eating disorders)? |
| | A) | early-maturing females have more emotional difficulties |
| | B) | late-maturing females have more emotional difficulties |
| | C) | early- and late-maturing females have equally high rates of emotional problems |
| | D) | there is no relationship between onset of puberty and emotional problems |
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| 29 | |
One of the factors that seems to influence whether or not early maturation in females results in positive or negative outcomes for the adolescent is: |
| | A) | the culture's attitudes toward physical appearance. |
| | B) | ethnicity. |
| | C) | socioeconomic status. |
| | D) | nutrition. |
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| 30 | |
One reason the typical teen gains weight during adolescence, of which adolescents are relatively unaware, is: |
| | A) | the typical decrease in basal metabolism rate. |
| | B) | the typical increase in basal metabolism rate. |
| | C) | the typical increase in sedentary activities such as TV viewing. |
| | D) | a genetic predisposition to gain weight regardless of nutrition. |
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| 31 | |
With each successive generation born in the United States, Latino youth show: |
| | A) | increasingly poorer nutrition. |
| | B) | increasingly healthier diets. |
| | C) | increasingly poorer nutrition but only among males. |
| | D) | increasingly healthier diets but only among males. |
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| 32 | |
The possible causes of eating disorders among adolescents include all of the following, except: |
| | A) | infectious diseases. |
| | B) | genetic predispositions. |
| | C) | hormonal changes. |
| | D) | family dysfunction. |
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| 33 | |
Approximately what percentage of American adolescents suffer from anorexia nervosa? |
| | A) | less than 1% |
| | B) | 10% |
| | C) | 20% |
| | D) | 33% |
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| 34 | |
Which of the following statements about eating disorders among female adolescents is false? |
| | A) | those whose mothers have body image problems are less at risk for eating disorders |
| | B) | those who report more negative relationships with parents are at greater risk |
| | C) | those who are from more affluent families are at greater risk |
| | D) | females are 10 times more likely to experience eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia than males |
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| 35 | |
Contributors to the "new morbidity and mortality" of adolescence include all of the following, except: |
| | A) | chronic illness. |
| | B) | substance abuse. |
| | C) | accidents. |
| | D) | sexually transmitted infections. |
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| 36 | |
About _____ American teenagers _____, which is the _____ serious public health concern among adolescents. |
| | A) | one in six; suffer from anorexia nervosa; least |
| | B) | 10% of; are obese; least |
| | C) | one in six; are obese; most |
| | D) | 10% of; suffer from anorexia nervosa; most |
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| 37 | |
Minority adolescents are at greater risk for developing health problems during adolescence than non-minority adolescents in part as a result of: |
| | A) | genetic differences. |
| | B) | hormonal imbalances. |
| | C) | cultural values. |
| | D) | inadequate access to health care. |
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| 38 | |
The leading cause of mortality among adolescents around the world is: |
| | A) | suicide. |
| | B) | drug overdose. |
| | C) | chronic illnesses. |
| | D) | unintentional accidents. |
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