 | Study Questions
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- What types of information lead us to make situational rather than personal attributions?
- Describe the fundamental attribution error and the self–serving bias, and discuss how they are affected by culture.
- Discuss how the primacy effect, stereotypes, and self–fulfilling prophecies influence impression formation.
- What is an attitude? Describe three conditions under which people's attitudes best predict their behavior.
- Explain the causes of cognitive dissonance and how it produces attitude change.
- Evaluate dissonance versus self–perception theory views of why counterattitudinal behavior produces attitude change.
- Describe how communicator, message, and audience characteristics affect the persuasion process
- What are social norms and social roles?
- Use the concepts of informational and normative social influence to explain how social norms and roles guide behavior.
- Describe situational factors that influence conformity to the group. When will minority influence be strongest?
- Describe Milgram's research, factors that increase and decrease obedience, and implications for society.
- Identify four common compliance techniques and explain how they work.
- Describe social loafing, social compensation, and the causes and consequences of group polarization and groupthink.
- Describe deindividuation, its main cause, and how conditions in the Stanford prison study may have fostered it.
- Discuss how proximity, mere exposure, similarity, and beauty influence initial attraction.
- Based on social exchange theory, what factors determine whether a relationship will be satisfying and will continue?
- Contrast evolutionary and sociocultural explanations for sex differences in mate preferences.
- Describe types of love, and discuss research–based principles that may help enhance relationship quality.
- Discuss the psychological effects of ostracism.
- How is implicit prejudice measured? Describe cognitive and motivational roots of prejudice.
- How do self–fulfilling prophecies and stereotype threat perpetuate prejudice? How can prejudice be reduced?
- Discuss evolutionary, social learning, and empathy–altruism explanations for helping behavior.
- When and whom are people most likely to help? How can prosocial behavior be increased?
- Describe how biological factors, environmental stimuli, learning, and psychological factors influence aggression.
- Discuss catharsis and social learning views on effects of media violence. Do violent video games promote aggression?
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