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| 1 | |
According to Greg Parks, who believes that institutional child care is beneficial to children, the cost-benefit analysis of the High/Scope Perry Preschool study indicates a large savings to the public from all of the following sources except |
| | A) | welfare assistance. |
| | B) | savings to crime victims. |
| | C) | savings to the criminal justice system. |
| | D) | savings in vocational education. |
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| 2 | |
According to T. Berry Brazelton and Stanley I. Greenspan, who do not believe that institutional child care is beneficial to children, the approximate percentage of young children who are now reared for significant parts of the day by persons other than their biological parents is |
| | A) | 40 percent. |
| | B) | 60 percent. |
| | C) | 50 percent. |
| | D) | 70 percent. |
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| 3 | |
Han, Waldfogel, and Brooks-Gunn, who found that maternal employment had negative effects on children, contend that greater negative effects of maternal employment may be more pronounced in what type of family? |
| | A) | low-income |
| | B) | high-income |
| | C) | middle class |
| | D) | lower-middle class |
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| 4 | |
Vander Ven, Cullen, Carrozza, and Wright, who found that maternal employment does not affect children negatively, consider all of the following powerful predictors of delinquency except |
| | A) | delinquent peer association |
| | B) | family involvement |
| | C) | school attachment |
| | D) | maternal supervision |
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| 5 | |
Kyla Dunn, who believes that scientists should be allowed to clone children, asserts that cloning is important for |
| | A) | reproductive purposes. |
| | B) | generating a boost for the economy. |
| | C) | creating more taxes for the federal government. |
| | D) | medical purposes. |
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| 6 | |
In his selection, Robert A. Weinberg, who does not believe that scientists should be allowed to clone children, offers his concerns about what he calls the |
| | A) | "cloning circus." |
| | B) | "global cloning epidemic." |
| | C) | "cloning hysteria." |
| | D) | "cloning hype." |
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| 7 | |
Ezra E.H. Griffith and Rachael L. Bergeron suggest that our society prefers to employ race matching in adoptions. They related that the first type of relatively large scale transracial adoption in the United States occurred in the late 1940s, after World War II, between Anglo American parents and _________ children. |
| | A) | African American |
| | B) | Native American |
| | C) | Latino |
| | D) | Korean |
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| 8 | |
Elizabeth Bartholet and Diane H. Shetky contend that the only time a transracial adoption process can be delayed because of race is if |
| | A) | Mental health professionals determine the adopting child as a special case. |
| | B) | There are only parents or the same race as the child available to adopt the child. |
| | C) | The child has requested to be adopted within his/her own race. |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 9 | |
Gershoff, who believes that spanking negatively affects children, contends that the primary goal of parents who administer corporal punishment is |
| | A) | to make the child quiet down. |
| | B) | to encourage to actions of the child. |
| | C) | to show them who's bigger. |
| | D) | to stop misbehavior immediately. |
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| 10 | |
Baumrind, Cowan, and Larzelere, who found that spanking does not have negative effects on children, found that parents are most likely to use corporal punishment when their children are |
| | A) | 6 weeks-1 year old. |
| | B) | 18 months to 6 years old. |
| | C) | 6-10 years old. |
| | D) | 16-19 years old. |
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| 11 | |
Natasha Cabrera, Jacqueline Shannon, and Catherine Tamis-LeMonda, who believe that fathers are important, contend that |
| | A) | positive father-child interactions matter only in adolescence. |
| | B) | father-child interactions are part of a larger system that includes mother-father relationships and financial resources. |
| | C) | father-child relationships matter most to boys. |
| | D) | fathers contribute equally to their child's development as mothers. |
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| 12 | |
Peggy Drexler and Linden Gross, who believe that women are capable of raising children without a father figure in the home, found that boys of heterosexual parents and boys of two homosexual mothers showed |
| | A) | no significant differences in their moral reasoning. |
| | B) | significant differences in their moral reasoning: the boys of heterosexual parents demonstrated advanced moral reasoning. |
| | C) | significant differences in their moral reasoning: the boys of homosexual mothers demonstrated advanced moral reasoning. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 13 | |
Elizabeth Marquardt, who opposes Constance Ahron's research on the "good divorce," believes that |
| | A) | divorce has lasting effects on children. |
| | B) | many studies on divorce do not ask the right questions. |
| | C) | many survey answers lack context to interpret them. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 14 | |
Marquardt argues that experts who believe that divorce can be good are nostalgic for |
| | A) | the mystical family life of the 1950s. |
| | B) | the sexual liberationism of the 1970s. |
| | C) | tidy, idyllic families. |
| | D) | Both a and b. |
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| 15 | |
Huesmann, Moise-Titus, Podolski, and Eron believe that children display aggressive behavior in adulthood as a result of watching violent TV in childhood and contend that |
| | A) | children identify with same sex TV characters. |
| | B) | boys are more aggressive than girls. |
| | C) | girls are more aggressive than boys. |
| | D) | gender has nothing to do with watching violent TV shows. |
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| 16 | |
Jib Fowles, who does not believe that television violence viewing is harmful for children, asserts that many groups with an organized opposition to television violence are |
| | A) | educational. |
| | B) | religious. |
| | C) | governmental. |
| | D) | tied to organized crime. |
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| 17 | |
According to Wade F. Horn, who believes that marriage improves living standards for children, which three states are using welfare reform monies to promote marriage? |
| | A) | West Virginia, Arizona, and Washington. |
| | B) | West Virginia, Washington, and Oklahoma. |
| | C) | West Virginia, Oklahoma, and Arizona. |
| | D) | Arizona, Oklahoma, and Florida. |
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| 18 | |
According to Stephanie Coontz and Nancy Folbre, who do not believe that marriage improves living standards for children, what percentage of poor children live in two-parent homes? |
| | A) | 38 percent. |
| | B) | 83 percent. |
| | C) | 50 percent. |
| | D) | 25 percent. |
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| 19 | |
Reich, who believes that homeschooled children are limited in their views, states that the homeschooling mentality compromises citizenship in which of the following ways? |
| | A) | Students do not learn how to coexist with and respect people with different views and attitudes. |
| | B) | To be a citizen is to share something in common with others; school is one of the very few social intermediaries in which everyone has a stake. |
| | C) | Because students receive an education that is approved by their parents, they are less likely to be exposed to diverse and conflicting ideas. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 20 | |
Washburne who believes that parents have every right to home school their children, states that the regulation of home education by the government is limited by |
| | A) | the First Amendment. |
| | B) | the fact that parents have a fundamental right to bring up their children which is protected by the Constitution. |
| | C) | the fact that parents have a fundamental right to bring up their children which is protected by the Declaration of Independence. |
| | D) | there are no limits on the regulation of home education. |
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| 21 | |
The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, whose policy states that the childhood obesity epidemic is a result of too much television, contend that the proportion of overweight children 6-11 years old has |
| | A) | more than tripled. |
| | B) | not changed. |
| | C) | more than doubled. |
| | D) | increased 4 times from 1990. |
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| 22 | |
The Center for Science in the Public Interest, whose policy states that the higher rates of childhood obesity are the result of too much junk food at school, contends that vending machine options |
| | A) | are similar in middle and high schools. |
| | B) | are more nutritious for middle schools. |
| | C) | are more nutritious for high schools. |
| | D) | are worse for elementary schools. |
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| 23 | |
Rossell suggests that the most effective approach to teaching English as a second language to students is |
| | A) | structured immersion. |
| | B) | the "sink or swim" method. |
| | C) | transitional bilingual education. |
| | D) | two way bilingual education. |
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| 24 | |
Wu believes that there are some second language acquisition experts who believe that |
| | A) | immersion programs are not proven to be effective. |
| | B) | programs that provide initial instruction in students' first language are more effective for students to acquire English proficiency. |
| | C) | programs that stress native language instruction had greater increases in English reading proficiency than immersion programs. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 25 | |
The National Adoption Information Clearinghouse, whose policy states that gay parents can be healthy for children, encourages social workers to |
| | A) | just do what the law states. |
| | B) | look at the same issues of fitness to parent regardless of sexual orientation. |
| | C) | give homosexual couples a better chance to adopt children than heterosexual couples because they have often been denied that right. |
| | D) | look at homosexual couples as adoptive parents as the last resort. |
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| 26 | |
Paul Cameron, who contends that gay parents are not healthy for children, believes foster parents should be |
| | A) | homosexual. |
| | B) | non-married adults. |
| | C) | married adults. |
| | D) | b and c. |
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| 27 | |
Cynthia Dailard, who supports universal administration of the HPV vaccine to young girls, believes the best way to ensure universal administration is by |
| | A) | administering the vaccine with a girl's first Pap test. |
| | B) | requiring all females to get the vaccine prior to obtaining a marriage license. |
| | C) | establishing state laws or policies requiring children to be vaccinated before school or day care enrollment. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 28 | |
Roni Rabin suggests that groups are opposed to federally mandating the HPV vaccination because of |
| | A) | personal moral values. |
| | B) | the high cost of the vaccine verses other types of screening. |
| | C) | the unknown long term effects of the vaccination. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 29 | |
Salmivalli and Kaukiainen studied aggression in boys and girls in middle childhood and adolescence by comparing |
| | A) | average scores on direct, verbal, and indirect aggression. |
| | B) | aggression profiles. |
| | C) | teacher reports. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
| | E) | a and b only. |
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| 30 | |
According to Zimmer-Gembeck et al, physically aggressive behavior among young boys has been associated with |
| | A) | maintaining rejected peer status for a 1-year period. |
| | B) | maintaining accepted peer status for a 1-year period. |
| | C) | initially rejected peer status that within six months changes to accepted peer status. |
| | D) | initially accepted peer status that within six months changes to rejected peer status. |
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| 31 | |
Robert E. Rector, Melissa G. Pardue and Shannan Martin not only for abstinence only sex education but also |
| | A) | That the students be tested on the material covered in the curriculum. |
| | B) | That the parents know what is being covered in the sex education their children are receiving |
| | C) | For parents to teach their children about sex at home too |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 32 | |
When comparing Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage Sex Education programs and Comprehensive Sex Education programs, research shows that |
| | A) | Regardless of the program, sexual attitudes, intentions and behaviors were similar by the end of 10th grade |
| | B) | Abstinence-only participants were far more likely to feel strongly about postponing sex |
| | C) | Abstinence-only programs showed significant changes in sexual attitudes and intentions, but not behaviors |
| | D) | Abstinence-only programs showed significant short-term results but no real long-term results |
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| 33 | |
Michele Fleming and Debra Rickwood, who believe that teens are safe on the Internet, contend that |
| | A) | most teens are taking appropriate precautions when meeting online friends |
| | B) | most teens are not aware of the dangers of online predators |
| | C) | most teens do not use the web to interact with friends in their existing social networks |
| | D) | most teens do not use the web for homework |
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| 34 | |
Chang-Hoan Cho and Hongsik John Cheon, who found that children are exposed to more negative Internet content than parents realize, argue that the amount of negative Internet content children experience was reduced by |
| | A) | parents who spend time online |
| | B) | family cohesion |
| | C) | parents who spend time in sports activities with their children |
| | D) | television |
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