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| 1 | |
There are several variations of the definition of legalization of drugs. Kleber and Califano argue that legalization policy proposals are |
| | A) | establishing an open and free market for drugs |
| | B) | making drugs legal for the adult population, but illegal for minors |
| | C) | having only the government produce and sell drugs |
| | D) | allowing a private market in drugs, but with restrictions on advertising, dosage, and place of consumption |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 2 | |
Law Enforcement Against Prohibition (LEAP) is an organization of law enforcement officials who believe in drug legalization and regulation. Current and former members of these organizations are members. |
| | A) | policemen, prison guards, and military police |
| | B) | policemen, prison guards, Drug Enforcement Administration agents, judges and prosecutors |
| | C) | policemen, Drug Enforcement Administration agents and Department of Justice Officials |
| | D) | judges, prosecutors and state and federal Congress men and women |
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| 3 | |
The 1988 UN Drug Convention requires countries that are party to the agreement to |
| | A) | outlaw and punish all forms of illicit drug production, trafficking, and drug money laundering |
| | B) | control chemicals that can be used to process illicit drugs |
| | C) | cooperate in international efforts regarding the drug trade |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 4 | |
Ethan Nadelmann believes the better approach is not reduction of demand for drugs but |
| | A) | total abstinence |
| | B) | harm reduction |
| | C) | scare tactics |
| | D) | making drugs less potent |
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| 5 | |
The age group with the highest prevalence of alcohol dependence in the US is |
| | A) | 14-22 years of age |
| | B) | 22-24 years of age |
| | C) | 29-44 years of age |
| | D) | 18-20 years of age |
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| 6 | |
One classic reason that underage drinking laws have not curbed underage drinking are |
| | A) | ambivalence among adults with regards to the law |
| | B) | feelings of entitlement among those under 21 |
| | C) | glorification of alcohol use among adults |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 7 | |
According to the Monitoring the Future survey, between 2001 and 2005, annual ecstasy use |
| | A) | increased by 52% in 8th-graders, 58% in 10th-graders, and 67% in 12th-graders |
| | B) | decreased by 48% in 8th-graders, 24% in 10th-graders, and only 2% in 12th-graders |
| | C) | decreased by 52% in 8th-graders, 58% in 10th-graders, and 67% in 12th-graders |
| | D) | increased by 4% in 8th-graders, 6% in 10th-graders, and 2% in 12th-graders |
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| 8 | |
The DEA was urged to label MDMA as a Schedule 3 drug which would have allowed it to be manufactured, used as a prescription, and be the subject of research. The Schedule 3 label would have allowed MDMA to be used for |
| | A) | recreational use |
| | B) | psychiatric purposes |
| | C) | research on depression |
| | D) | by people suffering from Alzheimer’s Disease |
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| 9 | |
Paul A. Logli, who believes that pregnant drug user should be prosecuted, uses the term cocaine babies to refer to children |
| | A) | who are addicted at birth to narcotic substances or otherwise affected by maternal drug use during pregnancy |
| | B) | who are addicted at birth to cocaine only |
| | C) | whose mothers leave cocaine around the house |
| | D) | who are abandoned at the hospital by addicted mothers |
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| 10 | |
Carolyn Carter, who does not believe that pregnant drug users should be prosecuted, contends that drug screening of pregnant women is unjust because |
| | A) | it occurs most often at clinics in low-income neighborhoods |
| | B) | women who are ethnic minorities are more likely to be screened |
| | C) | reporting rates of positive screens were much higher for African American women as compared to White women |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 11 | |
The prefrontal cortex of the brain is the part of the brain that enables humans to |
| | A) | assess situations |
| | B) | make sound decisions |
| | C) | keep emotions and desires under control |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 12 | |
Satel believes that the brain disease model obscures what role in perpetuating the cycle of use and abuse of drugs. |
| | A) | support systems |
| | B) | family care |
| | C) | social and economic help |
| | D) | personal agency |
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| 13 | |
The Monitoring the Future Study found that anabolic steroid use |
| | A) | increased among 8th to 10th graders and decreased among 12th graders |
| | B) | decreased among 8th to 10th graders and increased among 12th graders |
| | C) | increased among 8th to 10th graders and increased among 12th graders |
| | D) | decreased among 8th to 10th graders and decreased among 12th graders |
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| 14 | |
The International Olympic Committee began testing for steroids in _____ and Major League Baseball banned steroids in _____ |
| | A) | 1968; 1987 |
| | B) | 1975; 2003 |
| | C) | 1987; 2003 |
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| 15 | |
According to Robert A. Levy and Rosalind B. Marimont, the government’s statistics are |
| | A) | distorted by sampling errors, bias, and compounding variables |
| | B) | accurate, but the government uses terms that make the dangers seem worse than they are |
| | C) | simply made up |
| | D) | based on data going back to the 1970s |
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| 16 | |
Non-smokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke in the workplace increase their risk of heart disease by ______ percent and lung cancer by _____ percent. |
| | A) | 15-20%; 10-15% |
| | B) | 25-30%; 20-30% |
| | C) | 20-30%; 25-20% |
| | D) | 30%; 30% |
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| 17 | |
According to Cohen, cannabis arrests are useful to the New York City Police Department because |
| | A) | it boosts production figures |
| | B) | it provides police officers with overtime |
| | C) | it keeps police officers occupied while still available for other work at a moment’s notice |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 18 | |
According to the Office of National Drug Control Policy, two changes that have occurred since the 1960s with marijuana use are |
| | A) | first time users are older but THC levels are higher |
| | B) | first time users are younger and THC levels are higher |
| | C) | cfirst time users are younger but THC levels are lower |
| | D) | first time users are older and THC levels are lower |
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| 19 | |
Which statement is true according to Bruce M. Cohen, who believes that the advantages of psychiatric medicines outweigh their disadvantages |
| | A) | the use of drugs to treat psychiatric problems dates back to the ancient Egyptians and Greeks |
| | B) | the use of drugs to treat psychiatric problems goes back to the early 1900s |
| | C) | drug therapy for psychiatric illnesses did not begin until the 1960s |
| | D) | the first drug used to treat emotional problems was morphine |
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| 20 | |
The serotonin hypothesis is a theory which posits that |
| | A) | too much serotonin leads to depression |
| | B) | depression is caused by neurotransmitter system deficits |
| | C) | corporate doctors advance ideas of depression for their own gain |
| | D) | St. John’s wort can effectively increase levels of serotonin in the system naturally |
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| 21 | |
In the past 3 years, the number of 18-24 year olds who drink coffee has |
| | A) | remained the same |
| | B) | doubled |
| | C) | tripled |
| | D) | doubled in students who receive straight A’s |
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| 22 | |
Daily caffeine consumption among Americans is estimated to be |
| | A) | 140 mg, equivalent to 1 cup, for people aged 18 and under and 280 mg, equivalent to 2 cups, for people over 18 years of age |
| | B) | 280 mg, equivalent to 2-3 cups |
| | C) | 560 mg, equivalent to 4 cups, for people aged 18 and under and 280 mg, equivalent to 2 cups, for people over 18 years of age |
| | D) | 140 mg, equivalent to 1 cup |
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| 23 | |
According to Diller, this many children take Ritalin or its equivalent, |
| | A) | 1 million |
| | B) | 4 million |
| | C) | 25 million |
| | D) | 40 million |
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| 24 | |
Michael Fumento asserts that Ritalin is effective for treating |
| | A) | eating disorders |
| | B) | attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| | C) | bed wetting |
| | D) | depression |
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| 25 | |
Merrill Matthews, who believes that consumers benefit when prescription drugs are advertised, believes that consumers |
| | A) | are well-informed about medical information |
| | B) | are poorly-informed about medical information |
| | C) | are under the illusion that they are well-informed about medical information |
| | D) | do not know where to look for medical information |
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| 26 | |
The average American television viewer sees this many hours of prescription drug advertisements per year |
| | A) | 4 hours |
| | B) | 8 hours |
| | C) | 16 hours |
| | D) | 32 hours |
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| 27 | |
Britton and Edwards advocate the use of smokeless tobacco products, such as Snus, because it is low in |
| | A) | nicotine |
| | B) | nitrosamine |
| | C) | toxins |
| | D) | stimulants |
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| 28 | |
In Sweden, the association between the low rate of prevalence in smoking and the high rate of the use of Snus |
| | A) | has not been established with certainty |
| | B) | is statistically significant |
| | C) | is not statistically significant |
| | D) | has been established with a high degree of certainty |
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| 29 | |
Helig posits that, at its cores, alcoholism is this type of disorder. |
| | A) | behavioral |
| | B) | physical |
| | C) | psychological |
| | D) | social |
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| 30 | |
Grazyna Zajdow, an Australian lecturer in sociology who writes about alcoholism in the context of Australia, believes that the most prominent narrative for addiction is |
| | A) | biological |
| | B) | social |
| | C) | physiological |
| | D) | emotional |
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| 31 | |
The __________ grows marijuana to supply scientific investigators to conduct studies. |
| | A) | state of California |
| | B) | National Institute on Drug Abuse |
| | C) | country of Netherlands |
| | D) | National Institute on Mental Health |
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| 32 | |
In 1999, the Institute of Medicine released a study which found that |
| | A) | only smoked marijuana had medical properties |
| | B) | there is strong evidence for support of medical marijuana for glaucoma and epilepsy and weak evidence of support for ailments characterized by muscle spasticity |
| | C) | smoked marijuana is the best vehicle of delivery of THC |
| | D) | there was conclusive evidence that marijuana had medicinal purposes and no other studies were necessary |
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| 33 | |
There was a drug testing program established in Indiana schools but it was temporarily terminated because |
| | A) | it was too costly |
| | B) | the State appeals court ruled it unconstitutional |
| | C) | it was found not to be an effective prevention strategy |
| | D) | there was an increase in underage alcohol use |
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| 34 | |
Kern et al. argue that drug testing may actually increase the use of dangerous drugs because |
| | A) | students may use drugs that are less detectable |
| | B) | students will become more rebellious |
| | C) | students will not participate in extracurricular activities and, therefore, have more time for dangerous drugs |
| | D) | there will be a reduction in students seeking drug treatment |
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| 35 | |
According to Ettner et al., drug abuse is also associated with these costs |
| | A) | crime and the justice system |
| | B) | infectious diseases, such as HIV and AIDS |
| | C) | social programs, such as unemployment and disability |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 36 | |
According to the United Nations International Drug Control Programme report, which one of the following statements about drug treatment is true |
| | A) | Education and increased knowledge can correct drug dependence |
| | B) | Products of drug use, such as arrests and loss of employment, is an important stimuli for people to enter into drug programs |
| | C) | Corrections-oriented approaches alone are very affective for addicted people |
| | D) | An important component of addiction is detoxification and that alone can help treat those with drug addictions |
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| 37 | |
Evans-Whipp et al. compared Victoria, Australia and the state of Washington in the US. These two serve as a good comparison because |
| | A) | Australian drug policies are generally abstinence-based while US policies are a combination of abstinence and harm-minimization principles |
| | B) | US drug policies are generally abstinence-based while Australian policies are a combination of abstinence and drug testing of school-aged people |
| | C) | US drug policies are generally abstinence-based while Australian policies are a combination of abstinence and harm-minimization principles |
| | D) | Australian drug policies are generally abstinence-based while US policies are a combination of abstinence and drug testing of school-aged people |
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| 38 | |
Skager contends that the best time to start school-based drug education is |
| | A) | at the start of elementary school |
| | B) | at the beginning of the teen years |
| | C) | in the home when parents find it appropriate |
| | D) | in high school |
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