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| 1 | |
Wilfred M. McClay, who believes that Americans should believe in a unique American "mission," insists that there should be a constant interplay between founding ideals and current realities, and for this to happen there must be a sense of connection to: |
| | A) | other cultures. |
| | B) | the Founding Fathers. |
| | C) | established principles. |
| | D) | the past. |
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| 2 | |
Howard Zinn, who does not believe that Americans should believe in a unique American "mission," maintains that wars will stop when men: |
| | A) | rise above their own moral standards. |
| | B) | discard the myth of American exceptionalism. |
| | C) | refuse to fight. |
| | D) | give peace a chance. |
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| 3 | |
George W. Bush, who believes that democracy is the answer to global terrorism, contends that the foundation of every dictatorial regime is: |
| | A) | power. |
| | B) | fear. |
| | C) | subjugation. |
| | D) | isolation. |
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| 4 | |
F. Gregory Gause III, who does not believe that democracy is the answer to global terrorism, insists that liberal democracy: |
| | A) | prevents terrorism. |
| | B) | cannot work amongst the Islamists. |
| | C) | reduces terrorism. |
| | D) | is the best form of government. |
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| 5 | |
Mark Green, who believes that America should adopt public financing of political campaigns, insists that candidates who accept public funds should be required to: |
| | A) | debate. |
| | B) | purchase predetermined chunks of airtime. |
| | C) | provide precise accounting of all soft monies. |
| | D) | publish a voters' guide. |
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| 6 | |
John Samples, who does not believe that America should adopt public financing of political campaigns, contends that "one person-one vote" applies to: |
| | A) | the right to participate in the democratic process. |
| | B) | judicial elections. |
| | C) | voting only. |
| | D) | "equal and meaningful" participation in the democratic process. |
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| 7 | |
The president was granted some authority to make war under the Constitution because James Madison successfully argued for the need to: |
| | A) | negotiate secretly against potentially hostile activities. |
| | B) | repel sudden attacks. |
| | C) | give the commander-in-chief full authority in the field. |
| | D) | reinforce to the president that he is the commander-in-chief of the military. |
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| 8 | |
Abraham Lincoln exercised unilateral war powers as commander-in-chief with all of the following actions except: |
| | A) | jailing people without trial. |
| | B) | enlarging the size of the army and navy. |
| | C) | blockading Southern ports. |
| | D) | promoting large numbers of military officers. |
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| 9 | |
Antonin Scalia, who believes that the courts should seek the "original meaning" of the Constitution, asserts that the Living Constitution does not bring: |
| | A) | freedom. |
| | B) | equality. |
| | C) | flexibility. |
| | D) | rigidity. |
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| 10 | |
Stephen Breyer, who does not believe that the courts should seek the "original meaning" of the Constitution, in persuading people that active liberty has an important role to play in constitutional and statutory interpretation, would recommend: |
| | A) | ignoring the protection the Constitution grants fundamental liberties. |
| | B) | radical change in current interpretive methods. |
| | C) | taking Thomas Jefferson's statement, "[A]ll men are created equal," as a statement of goals that the Constitution now seeks to fulfill. |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 11 | |
The Tuesday to Thursday Club of members of Congress, as explained by Thomas E. Mann and Norman J. Ornstein, was originally composed of members: |
| | A) | who chaired important committees. |
| | B) | who were assured of safe seats in their districts. |
| | C) | campaigning at the same time for other elected offices. |
| | D) | representing Northeastern states. |
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| 12 | |
The primary purpose of congressional meetings scheduled with little notice between 8 p.m. and 7 a.m., according to Mann and Ornstein, is to: |
| | A) | address emergency measures. |
| | B) | dispense with regular rules of order. |
| | C) | allow more time for members to read the proposed legislation. |
| | D) | ensure a quiet period for careful deliberation. |
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| 13 | |
Thomas Geoghegan, who believes that the Senate filibuster should be abolished, says that to save the Obama presidency, we may have to: |
| | A) | sacrifice his reelection. |
| | B) | learn to love war. |
| | C) | fight our heroes. |
| | D) | endure a desert of inaction. |
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| 14 | |
Robert Byrd, who does not believe that the Senate filibuster should be abolished, credits the filibuster with helping Arizona achieve statehood, despite the opposition of President Taft, who did not approve of the clause in Arizona's constitution that allowed: |
| | A) | the recall of judges. |
| | B) | interracial marriage. |
| | C) | Native Americans to attend schools with whites. |
| | D) | wives to own property. |
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| 15 | |
Article II of the U.S. Constitution, which describes the role of the president in the government, has little to say about his actual duties apart from the power of: |
| | A) | commanding the army. |
| | B) | raising taxes. |
| | C) | establishing the federal budget. |
| | D) | appointing non-elected officials. |
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| 16 | |
The Supreme Court, in establishing some right to executive privilege, noted that it was important that presidential advisors be granted some rights to privacy in order to: |
| | A) | protect them from prosecution. |
| | B) | ensure greater candor. |
| | C) | provide them personal protection. |
| | D) | protect them from media attacks. |
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| 17 | |
Glenn C. Loury, who believes that affirmative action advances racial equality, states that to acknowledge that institutional legitimacy can turn on matters of racial representation is to: |
| | A) | disregard a basic historical fact about the American community. |
| | B) | recognize a basic historical fact about the American community. |
| | C) | ignore the power of affirmative action to enhance American institutions. |
| | D) | make a moral error. |
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| 18 | |
Walter E. Williams, who does not believe that affirmative action advances racial equality, notes that the problem with zero-sum games is that they: |
| | A) | are unfair to whites in the long run. |
| | B) | are politically and socially unstable. |
| | C) | compromise the integrity of the institutions that utilize them. |
| | D) | fail to contribute to racial equality. |
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| 19 | |
Robert P. George, who believes that abortion should be restricted, supports the pro-life position precisely because: |
| | A) | he believes abortion is evil. |
| | B) | he is a Christian. |
| | C) | scientific evidence fully supports it. |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 20 | |
Mary Gordon, who does not believe that abortion should be restricted, would agree that: |
| | A) | the choice to have an abortion is a clear choice of right or wrong. |
| | B) | the choice to have an abortion can be a morally responsible choice. |
| | C) | abortion is a viable form of birth control. |
| | D) | abortion is a choice that should be available only to unwed women and victims of rape or incest. |
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| 21 | |
The supposed complexity of healthcare reform, according to Ezra Klein, should be attributed to the: |
| | A) | size of the U.S. population. |
| | B) | reluctance of individuals to make health-saving lifestyle changes. |
| | C) | forces invested in protecting the status quo. |
| | D) | rapid advance of new technologies and medications. |
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| 22 | |
Ezra Klein notes that, in the United States, the main criticism of the Canadian healthcare system is: |
| | A) | a lack of prescription drugs. |
| | B) | outdated hospitals. |
| | C) | an emphasis on preventive care at the expense of lifesaving techniques. |
| | D) | the long waiting periods required to see doctors. |
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| 23 | |
Robert Greenstein, who believes that America is becoming more unequal, begins his testimony with, "This is not the type of thing which a democratic society—a capitalist democratic society—can really accept without addressing," a quote he ascribes to: |
| | A) | American socialist and union leader Eugene V. Debs. |
| | B) | American Enterprise Institute president Christopher C. DeMuth. |
| | C) | former Federal Reserve chairman Alan Greenspan. |
| | D) | 1856 presidential candidate John C. Fremont. |
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| 24 | |
Christopher C. DeMuth, who does not believe that America is becoming more unequal, argues that the contention that there is growing inequality is in error because it places too much emphasis on: |
| | A) | earnings inequality. |
| | B) | social rights. |
| | C) | differences in quality of life. |
| | D) | the source of wealth. |
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| 25 | |
Curtis S. Dubay, who believes that Americans are overtaxed, has reckoned that historical trends and the recent tax policies in the stimulus likely mean that when the data for recent years is released, the bottom 50 percent of all taxpayers will have paid: |
| | A) | over 86 percent of all income taxes. |
| | B) | 50 percent of all income taxes. |
| | C) | a mere 15 percent of all income taxes. |
| | D) | no income taxes whatsoever. |
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| 26 | |
Steve Brouwer, who does not believe that Americans are overtaxed, maintains that a class war, waged by the rich with very little opposition from the working class: |
| | A) | has already taken place. |
| | B) | precedes all great revolutions. |
| | C) | will never happen. |
| | D) | is bound to happen. |
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| 27 | |
Jeff Madrick, who believes that bigger government is better government, reminds us that President Eisenhower, a Republican, incurred the ire of the Republican right wing when he proposed: |
| | A) | to expand Social Security coverage to another 10 million workers. |
| | B) | a federally subsidized school lunch program. |
| | C) | spending $4.2 billion on the "space race." |
| | D) | cutting the military budget by more than 30 percent. |
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| 28 | |
Jim DeMint, who does not believe that bigger government is better government, claims that almost everything our federal government attempts to do: |
| | A) | is too little too late. |
| | B) | is over budget. |
| | C) | becomes a disaster. |
| | D) | is undermined by the American people. |
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| 29 | |
Mark Krikorian, who believes that border security should come first when stopping illegal immigration, reports that one of the best predictors of a person's likelihood to immigrate to the United States is: |
| | A) | how many of his family members rely on him as the sole breadwinner. |
| | B) | his age and marital status. |
| | C) | the rate of unemployment in his home country. |
| | D) | whether or not he has legal immigrant family members already living in the United States. |
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| 30 | |
Frank Sharry, who does not believe that border security should come first when stopping illegal immigration, maintains that the key to effective enforcement is: |
| | A) | creating a comprehensive amnesty program for illegal aliens. |
| | B) | increasing staff to administer a new system. |
| | C) | increasing the number of visas for legal workers. |
| | D) | having a system that ensures that all workers are in the United States legally. |
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| 31 | |
In Virginia, in the early decades of U.S. history, opposition to the established Anglican Church was the result of: |
| | A) | strong commitment to religious tolerance. |
| | B) | increasing numbers of members of dissenting faiths. |
| | C) | a strong desire to protect unbelievers. |
| | D) | the desire to keep slaves from meeting in churches. |
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| 32 | |
The deciding vote in both McCreary County and Van Orden was cast by Supreme Court Justice: |
| | A) | Ginsberg. |
| | B) | Scalia. |
| | C) | Thomas. |
| | D) | Breyer. |
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| 33 | |
Jack Goldsmith, who believes that indefinite detention of suspected terrorists is justified, contends that the principle that a nation at war can hold its enemy's combatants until the cessation of hostilities: |
| | A) | is a relatively new idea. |
| | B) | should be uncontroversial. |
| | C) | is uniquely Western. |
| | D) | has been debated since the days of ancient warfare. |
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| 34 | |
Sarah H. Cleveland, who does not believe that indefinite detention of suspected terrorists is justified, notes that it was concluded that international law allows states to apprehend enemy troops in a traditional conflict and to hold them until the end of that conflict in the U.S. Supreme Court case: |
| | A) | Rumsfeld v. CIA (2009). |
| | B) | Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri v. United States (2009). |
| | C) | Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (2006). |
| | D) | Hamdi v. Rumsfeld (2004). |
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| 35 | |
Daniel Pipes, who believes that Middle Eastern profiling is justified, recommends that for Americans to protect themselves from Islamists while safeguarding the rights of law-abiding Muslims, above all they must: |
| | A) | allow Islamists into the United States on student visas only. |
| | B) | institute a nationwide Islamist identification program. |
| | C) | increase intelligence gathering on known Islamist terrorists. |
| | D) | not allow any more Islamists into the United States. |
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| 36 | |
The biggest worry for David A. Harris, who does not believe that Middle Eastern profiling is justified, is that Arab and Muslim profiling will become: |
| | A) | the main predictor of terrorism. |
| | B) | standard procedure in law enforcement. |
| | C) | acceptable by the mainstream. |
| | D) | a precursor to violence against Arabs and Muslims. |
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| 37 | |
Charles Krauthammer, who believes that the use of torture against terrorist suspects is justified, would support torture for reasons of: |
| | A) | revenge. |
| | B) | justice. |
| | C) | information. |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 38 | |
Which of the following would Andrew Sullivan, who does not believe that the use of torture against terrorist suspects is ever justified, view as torture? |
| | A) | isolation |
| | B) | psychological disorientation |
| | C) | intense questioning |
| | D) | all of the above |
| | E) | none of the above |
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| 39 | |
According to Andrew C. McCarthy, who believes that the president may wiretap without a warrant to protect national security, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) aims to do all of the following except: |
| | A) | restrict the power to eavesdrop on all conversations. |
| | B) | allow eavesdropping on conversations that unintentionally capture "U.S. persons" outside the United States. |
| | C) | limit presidential authority. |
| | D) | prohibit national-security eavesdropping without involving a federal judge. |
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| 40 | |
Al Gore, who does not believe that the president may wiretap without a warrant to protect national security, argues that in a properly functioning system, the "constitutional umpire" should be: |
| | A) | Congress. |
| | B) | the Judicial Branch. |
| | C) | the House and Senate. |
| | D) | the president. |
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| 41 | |
Andrew J. Bacevich, who believes that the United States should pull out of Afghanistan, admits that his views are perhaps colored by his experience serving in: |
| | A) | the Washington press corps. |
| | B) | Vietnam. |
| | C) | Iraq. |
| | D) | Korea. |
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| 42 | |
Joseph I. Lieberman, who does not believe that the United States should pull out of Afghanistan, recalls meeting with an official of our military coalition in Afghanistan and being told that whenever the Taliban stands and fights: |
| | A) | we are in danger of defeat. |
| | B) | we defeat them. |
| | C) | the Afghan people put up no resistance. |
| | D) | the Afghan people blame our military ambivalence. |
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| 43 | |
Dick Armey and Matt Kibbe, who believe that the Tea Party represents a revival of America's revolutionary ideals, identify the person who brought the modern Tea Party to the national stage as: |
| | A) | news commentator Rick Santelli. |
| | B) | former Alaska governor Sarah Palin. |
| | C) | radio personality Rush Limbaugh. |
| | D) | one-time presidential candidate Martin Glass. |
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| 44 | |
Jill Lepore, who does not believe that the Tea Party represents a revival of America's revolutionary ideals, explains that we cannot go back to the eighteenth century because chronology is: |
| | A) | like gravity. |
| | B) | against us. |
| | C) | too fluid. |
| | D) | a fickle mistress. |
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| 45 | |
George Caram Steeh, who believes that Congress may require people to buy health insurance, points out that the uninsured benefit from the "guaranteed issue" provision in the Health Care Reform Act: |
| | A) | unless they are already sick. |
| | B) | even if they are already sick. |
| | C) | only if they have certain preexisting conditions. |
| | D) | unless they have certain preexisting conditions. |
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| 46 | |
Henry Hudson, who does not believe that Congress may require people to buy health insurance, mentions that a principal consideration in United States v. Lopez was the: |
| | A) | Commodity Exchange Act. |
| | B) | Bland-Allison Act. |
| | C) | Gun-Free School Zones Act. |
| | D) | Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act. |
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