 |
| 1 | |
Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., who believes that we need a common American identity, notes that all of the following are included in Irving Howe's list of figures central to American culture except: |
| | A) | Homer. |
| | B) | the Bible. |
| | C) | Confucius. |
| | D) | Shakespeare. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
Michael Walzer, who does not believe that we need a common American identity, asserts that the group that comes closest to getting the "new order" right is the: |
| | A) | nationalists. |
| | B) | nativists. |
| | C) | American communitarians. |
| | D) | cultural pluralists. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Henry A Giroux, who believes that diversity is an inevitable part of a new American identity, argues that, when defined in corporate terms, multiculturalism is generally: |
| | A) | regarded as the highest law in the land. |
| | B) | exaggerated to cartoonish proportions. |
| | C) | dismissed as an outdated concept. |
| | D) | reduced to a message without critical content. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
Lawrence Auster, who does not believe that diversity is an inevitable part of a new American identity, discusses a "bait-and-switch" that has been used to accommodate whites to the: |
| | A) | eradication of racism. |
| | B) | browning of America. |
| | C) | mind-altering drug of multiculturalism. |
| | D) | loss of their values. |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
Stephen Steinberg, who believes that an American melting pot identity is possible, asserts that the fault line dividing ethnic groups in the United States is no longer: |
| | A) | race or nationality, but religion. |
| | B) | nationality or religion, but race. |
| | C) | race or religion, but nationality. |
| | D) | nationality, but race and religion. |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
Leo R. Chavez, who does not believe that an American melting pot identity is possible, points out that the quota system based on the U.S. populations of 1890 and 1920 was heavily weighted in favor of immigration from: |
| | A) | Latin America. |
| | B) | Asia |
| | C) | northern Europe. |
| | D) | southeastern Europe. |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
Alvin Poussaint, who believes that America is moving toward a post-racial society, was once a script consultant for: |
| | A) | Sanford and Son. |
| | B) | The Jeffersons. |
| | C) | The Cosby Show. |
| | D) | All in the Family. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Melissa V. Harris-Lacewell, who does not believe that America is moving toward a post-racial society, reports that in the 2010 Census, Barack Obama: |
| | A) | left the racial identity section blank. |
| | B) | identified himself solely as black. |
| | C) | checked multiple answers for racial identity. |
| | D) | indicated his religion to be Roman Catholic. |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
Ward Connerly, who believes that the emphasis on a color-blind society is an answer to racism, states that he is preparing to place the Racial Privacy Initiative (RPI) before California voters that would prohibit governments in California from classifying individuals by: |
| | A) | color. |
| | B) | ethnicity. |
| | C) | national origin. |
| | D) | all of the above |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Which one of the following comments might Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, who does not believe that the emphasis on a color-blind society is an answer to racism, hear as a reflection of his view of "racism lite"? |
| | A) | God placed minorities in the world in a servile position. |
| | B) | Minorities are behind because they don't work hard enough. |
| | C) | Interracial marriage is just wrong. |
| | D) | all of the above |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Charles A. Gallagher, who believes that recent immigration trends challenge existing ideas of America's white identity, found all of the following conclusions in his study of Asians and blacks except: |
| | A) | Asians start out with much more than blacks, which aids their upward mobility. |
| | B) | whites view Asians as model minorities driven to assimilate. |
| | C) | Asians are more accepted by whites because their clothing is "nonthreatening." |
| | D) | more Asians than blacks make attempts to "fit in." |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
Ellis Cose, who does not believe that recent immigration trends challenge existing ideas of America's white identity, contends that America's "cult of whiteness" is about: |
| | A) | hair texture. |
| | B) | skin color. |
| | C) | where the line is drawn between those who could be admitted to the mainstream and those who could not. |
| | D) | all of the above |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
With regard to what to do about racism in the future, Paul Kivel, who believes that white skin privilege still exists in American society, would advise: |
| | A) | blacks and whites to work together to eliminate it. |
| | B) | blacks not to dwell on it. |
| | C) | whites to talk about it. |
| | D) | blacks to deny it. |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Tim Wise, who does not believe that white skin privilege still exists in American society, concludes that whites in every generation have thought that the problem with racism was: |
| | A) | the fault of blacks themselves. |
| | B) | able to be solved by civil rights legislation. |
| | C) | more about politics than human rights. |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
Weston Kosova, who believes that negative stereotypes in the media can be reduced, points out that the day after the Imus incident, the National Association of Black Journalists demanded an apology from Imus, then called for: |
| | A) | the media to cut the man some slack. |
| | B) | an official response by President George W. Bush. |
| | C) | Imus to be fired. |
| | D) | congressional legislation to criminalize racial slurs. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
Alexander Cockburn, who does not believe that negative stereotypes in the media can be reduced, notes that legions of mostly white men in the Chris Matthews genre who are described as "political analysts" or "political strategists": |
| | A) | adore Don Imus. |
| | B) | were appalled by the "Imus affair." |
| | C) | refused to make any comment about the "Imus affair." |
| | D) | have quietly severed their professional ties with Don Imus. |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
According to Herbert Blumer, who believes that race prejudice is a product of group position, the subordinate racial group is: |
| | A) | an abstract image. |
| | B) | a negative image. |
| | C) | an objective image. |
| | D) | a subjective image. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
With regard to learning prejudice, Gordon W. Allport, who does not believe that race prejudice is a product of group position, asserts that after a period of total rejection, what sets in is a stage of: |
| | A) | overgeneralization. |
| | B) | apathy. |
| | C) | differentiation. |
| | D) | acceptance. |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
According to Derrick Bell, who believes that racism is a permanent feature of American society, before the Brown era, blacks: |
| | A) | did not need to know the difference between friend and foe. |
| | B) | were more discriminated against. |
| | C) | comprised the group most victimized by discrimination. |
| | D) | knew who their enemies were. |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
Dinesh D'Souza, who does not believe that racism is a permanent feature of American society, sees racism as: |
| | A) | an opinion. |
| | B) | a sin. |
| | C) | a character flaw. |
| | D) | a tool of government. |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Scott Johnson, who believes that racial profiling is a defensible public policy, finds anti-profilers' campaigns against law enforcement "bizarre" because: |
| | A) | they give law enforcement the impression of weakness. |
| | B) | causing police to fear bad arrest data will cause them to perform their jobs more poorly. |
| | C) | they prevent police from using racial profiling as a tool, which may make police officers decide that minorities are not worth the trouble to protect. |
| | D) | minorities are vastly more likely to be victims of crimes. |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
According to David A. Harris, who does not believe that racial profiling is a defensible public policy, Robert Wilkins, while traveling back from a funeral with his family, was stopped for: |
| | A) | having too many passengers in the car. |
| | B) | fitting a written profile by Maryland State Police. |
| | C) | a broken taillight. |
| | D) | suspicion of drug trafficking. |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Robert Staples, who believes that affirmative action is necessary to achieve racial equality in the United States today, asserts that most of the benefits of affirmative action programs go to: |
| | A) | black females. |
| | B) | black males. |
| | C) | white females. |
| | D) | white males. |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
Roger Clegg, who does not believe that affirmative action is necessary to achieve racial equality in the United States today, asserts that there is a collision between law and common practice in higher education at the employment process stage of: |
| | A) | posting job notices. |
| | B) | offering graduate fellowships. |
| | C) | defining the applicant pool. |
| | D) | all of the above |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
In an effort to address the problem of illegal immigration from Latin America into the United States, President Bush has favored: |
| | A) | encouraging local law enforcement to demand proof of citizenship in all encounters. |
| | B) | cutting off diplomatic relationships with Latin American governments. |
| | C) | an open amnesty program for illegal immigrants. |
| | D) | a guest worker program for immigrants that could eventually lead to citizenship. |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
Peter Brimelow, who does not believe that immigration contributes to a better America, characterizes current U.S. immigration policy as: |
| | A) | sensible, despite some problems. |
| | B) | Adolf Hitler's posthumous revenge on America. |
| | C) | generally unfair to Asians and Hispanics, who represent the only desirable immigrants. |
| | D) | insufficient with regard to immigrating homosexuals and criminals. |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Carlos Fuentes, who believes that today's immigration debate is anti-Latino (racist), recalls studying as a child in America and reading in the encyclopedia that one reason for Mexican poverty is the predominance of: |
| | A) | anti-Mexican racism. |
| | B) | laziness. |
| | C) | racial inferiority. |
| | D) | refusal to assimilate. |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
According to Samuel P. Huntington, who does not believe that today's immigration debate is anti-Latino (racist), polls in the 1990s revealed that the least important factor in changing Americans' opinion about immigration was: |
| | A) | way of life. |
| | B) | economic concerns. |
| | C) | culture. |
| | D) | crime. |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
The outcomes of bilingual education programs, as explained by Kendra Hamilton, are often jeopardized by the: |
| | A) | size of bilingual classes. |
| | B) | variety of native languages students bring with them. |
| | C) | outdated textbooks students are forced to use. |
| | D) | poor quality of the instruction. |
|
|
|
| 30 | |
Rosalie Pedalino Porter, who does not believe that bilingual education programs help non-English-speaking children succeed, states that most parents of English-limited students think their children should be: |
| | A) | taught primarily in their native language. |
| | B) | taught subjects in English. |
| | C) | taught about their native culture. |
| | D) | both a and c. |
|
|
|
| 31 | |
White Americans tend to view the controversy over Latin American immigration in terms of all of the following except: |
| | A) | identity politics. |
| | B) | increased crime. |
| | C) | religious challenges. |
| | D) | welfare dependency. |
|
|
|
| 32 | |
In his article, Douglas P. Woodward has found that African American workers have suffered economic losses in South Carolina as a result of Latin American immigration in all of the following areas except: |
| | A) | healthcare. |
| | B) | construction. |
| | C) | animal slaughtering. |
| | D) | landscaping. |
|
|
|
| 33 | |
Tom Lockette, who believes that America's public schools are resegregating, relates the claim of Gary Orfield, director of the Civil Rights Project at UCLA, who says that some of the deepest racial divisions in America today are in: |
| | A) | the Midwest. |
| | B) | New England. |
| | C) | rural Pennsylvania. |
| | D) | the border cities of the Southwest. |
|
|
|
| 34 | |
According to Ingrid Gould Ellen, who does not believe that America's public schools are resegregating, the best theory for why some mixed neighborhoods remain integrated is that: |
| | A) | there has been a decrease in race prejudice. |
| | B) | residential decisions are shaped by racial attitudes. |
| | C) | communities are more stable when black and white residents have similar incomes. |
| | D) | neighborhoods with fewer minority residents are more likely to be stable. |
|
|
|
| 35 | |
Richard M. Valelly, who believes that there is a need for a permanent voting-rights act, reminds us that the president who "proudly signed" America's original Voting Rights Act was: |
| | A) | Ronald Reagan. |
| | B) | Lyndon Johnson. |
| | C) | George Washington. |
| | D) | Theodore Roosevelt. |
|
|
|
| 36 | |
Abigail Thernstrom, who does not believe that there is a need for a permanent voting rights act, notes that since 1790, Americans have participated in: |
| | A) | party caucuses. |
| | B) | presidential elections. |
| | C) | election-day exit polls. |
| | D) | a national census. |
|
|
|
| 37 | |
The U.S. federal government created the reservation system for Native Americans in order to: |
| | A) | protect Native cultures. |
| | B) | allow autonomous, tribal self-rule. |
| | C) | clear areas of land for white settlement. |
| | D) | end violent conflicts between various tribes. |
|
|
|
| 38 | |
Indian reservations, Frank Pommersheim explains, are often described as islands of: |
| | A) | poverty. |
| | B) | lawlessness. |
| | C) | sacred beauty. |
| | D) | separateness from the rest of the country. |
|
|
|
| 39 | |
Beverly Daniel Tatum, who believes that minorities engage in self-segregation, suggests ways in which black students cope with their "blackness," including all of the following except: |
| | A) | adopting oppositional identity. |
| | B) | engaging in racelessness. |
| | C) | rejecting black culture. |
| | D) | becoming an emissary. |
|
|
|
| 40 | |
Peter Beinart, who does not believe that minorities engage in self-segregation, asserts that for conservatives, multiculturalism is about: |
| | A) | a chance to be free from racial oppression. |
| | B) | money. |
| | C) | religion. |
| | D) | political power. |
|
|
.