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| 1 | |
According to Ralph Oman, in the debate over whether NIH should be able to require researchers to put their reports in PubMed Central, three key questions must be answered. Which of the following is not among those questions? |
| | A) | What policy will result in the broadest dissemination of high quality, peer-reviewed scholarly articles? |
| | B) | What policy will result in the greatest income to authors? |
| | C) | Is the NIH correct in its assumption that the STM publishers will continue to publish their journals even if they lose 50 percent of their paid subscriptions? |
| | D) | Is it fair for the U.S. government to appropriate the value-added contributions of the private STM publishers? |
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| 2 | |
According to Ralph Oman, open access publishing will in time: |
| | A) | destroy the market for scientific, technical, and medical journals. |
| | B) | strengthen the market for scientific, technical, and medical journals. |
| | C) | destroy the research enterprise. |
| | D) | invalidate the concept of peer review. |
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| 3 | |
According to J. Scott Turner, ID proponents claim that a better explanation than Darwinism for the origin and evolution of life must involve: |
| | A) | God. |
| | B) | some kind of designing intelligence. |
| | C) | a thorough understanding of genetics. |
| | D) | natural selection. |
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| 4 | |
According to J. Scott Turner, to most people it seems self-evident that: |
| | A) | the world is a designed place. |
| | B) | living things evolve. |
| | C) | there is no god. |
| | D) | Christian dogma belongs in public schools. |
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| 5 | |
According to Julius Genachowski, the innovation and explosive growth of the Internet are directly linked to: |
| | A) | the arrival of broadband connectivity. |
| | B) | the Internet's design as an "open" system. |
| | C) | the recognition that consumers have a right to access content of their choice. |
| | D) | the recognition that consumers should be free to attach personal devices of their choice. |
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| 6 | |
According to Julius Genachowski, there are compelling reasons to be concerned about the future of Internet openness, including: |
| | A) | limited competition among service providers. |
| | B) | the economic incentives of broadband providers. |
| | C) | the explosion of traffic on the Internet. |
| | D) | all the above. |
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| 7 | |
According to Kevin Bullis, the likelihood that we will avoid serious damage due to global warming and climate change seems: |
| | A) | impossible to estimate. |
| | B) | very high. |
| | C) | quite low. |
| | D) | about 50-50. |
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| 8 | |
According to Kevin Bullis, climate engineering schemes include proposals to: |
| | A) | trigger vast algae blooms in the oceans. |
| | B) | put trillions of sun shields into orbit. |
| | C) | inject millions of tons of sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere. |
| | D) | all the above. |
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| 9 | |
According to Allison MacFarlane, a major reason why nuclear power is being pushed as an answer to global warming is that it: |
| | A) | produces so much extra electricity that it can be used to power global air conditioners. |
| | B) | does not emit chlorofluorocarbons. |
| | C) | consumes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. |
| | D) | does not emit carbon dioxide. |
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| 10 | |
According to Allison MacFarlane, in 2006, the use of nuclear power reduced carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel-based electric power plants by about: |
| | A) | 5 percent. |
| | B) | 13 percent. |
| | C) | 50 percent. |
| | D) | 75 percent. |
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| 11 | |
According to Michael Horn, the problem with the internal combustion engine is that: |
| | A) | it is primitive. |
| | B) | it is inefficient. |
| | C) | it is really just a variation on the steam engine. |
| | D) | it poisons the air. |
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| 12 | |
According to Michael Horn, the benefits of shifting to electric cars do NOT include: |
| | A) | faster highway travel speeds. |
| | B) | less national dependence on oil. |
| | C) | more efficient use of energy. |
| | D) | reduced air pollution. |
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| 13 | |
According to Michael Meyer, who thinks population decline will lessen the quality of life for people, the factor that is shaping the future of the human population is: |
| | A) | people are having more and more children. |
| | B) | people have stopped having children. |
| | C) | people are having fewer and fewer children. |
| | D) | people are living longer. |
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| 14 | |
According to Michael Meyer, who thinks population decline will lessen the quality of life for people, fertility rates are declining and after about 2050: |
| | A) | population will begin to drop rapidly. |
| | B) | population will level off. |
| | C) | population growth will increase faster than ever. |
| | D) | people will be extinct. |
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| 15 | |
According to Olga V. Naidenko, during the first two decades of cell phone use studies of the link between cell phone use and cancer: |
| | A) | found a plausible biological explanation for the link. |
| | B) | found broad agreement that the link was real. |
| | C) | produced conflicting results and few definitive conclusions. |
| | D) | unanimously agreed that there was no link. |
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| 16 | |
According to Olga V. Naidenko, recent studies of the cell phone cancer link have found: |
| | A) | significantly higher risks for brain and salivary gland tumors among people who have used cell phones for 10 years or longer. |
| | B) | no significant cause for alarm. |
| | C) | no sign of a cause-effect connection at all. |
| | D) | just enough hint of a cause-effect link to justify further research. |
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| 17 | |
According to Anne Platt McGinn, the malaria death toll rivals that of AIDS but: |
| | A) | much more money is dedicated to this disease. |
| | B) | the disease receives much less attention from politicians and researchers. |
| | C) | it is not preventable. |
| | D) | it is constantly in the news. |
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| 18 | |
According to Anne Platt McGinn, the preferred approach to malaria control is: |
| | A) | killing the mosquitoes that carry the parasite. |
| | B) | killing the parasite once it infects humans. |
| | C) | keeping the parasite from infecting mosquitoes. |
| | D) | keeping mosquitoes from biting people. |
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| 19 | |
According to Bruce Knight, in 2008 the value of agricultural exports from the United States was about: |
| | A) | 1 billion dollars. |
| | B) | 10 billion dollars. |
| | C) | 100 billion dollars. |
| | D) | 1 trillion dollars. |
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| 20 | |
According to Bruce Knight, the cost of dealing with the 2001 foot and-mouth disease outbreak in the United Kingdom was about: |
| | A) | 500 million dollars. |
| | B) | 1 billion dollars. |
| | C) | 5 billion dollars. |
| | D) | 13 billion dollars. |
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| 21 | |
According to Henry I. Miller and Gregory Conko, genetic engineering can help prevent illness due to food contamination by: |
| | A) | fumonisin. |
| | B) | ergot fungus. |
| | C) | mercury. |
| | D) | E. coli bacteria. |
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| 22 | |
According to Henry I. Miller and Gregory Conko, in 1999 the Gerber foods company announced that its baby food products would no longer contain any genetically modified ingredients because: |
| | A) | pro-breast-feeding activists exerted pressure. |
| | B) | anti-GM activists exerted pressure. |
| | C) | GM ingredients had caused disease and created legal liability. |
| | D) | government regulators insisted. |
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| 23 | |
According to J. Anthony Tyson, the most efficient tool for comprehensive NEO detection and tracking is: |
| | A) | sensitive radar equipment on satellites. |
| | B) | an International Space Patrol (ISP). |
| | C) | moon-based telescopes. |
| | D) | ground-based optical surveys. |
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| 24 | |
According to J. Anthony Tyson, large telescopes are required to locate NEOs because: |
| | A) | there are so many NEOs out there that only a wide fiend of view can get the job done in reasonable time. |
| | B) | a typical 140-meter NEO appears very faint in a telescope view. |
| | C) | large telescopes provide room for more astronomers to work at the same time. |
| | D) | Congress would never fund a small telescope. |
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| 25 | |
Radio astronomer and SETI researcher Seth Shostak, who believes we must maintain the search for ET, thinks that with reasonably projected improvements in detection technology, we: |
| | A) | are unlikely to detect extraterrestrial intelligent signals. |
| | B) | are bound to attract extraterrestrial attention and visits. |
| | C) | will abandon SETI because of the rising expense. |
| | D) | are likely to detect extraterrestrial signals within a few decades. |
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| 26 | |
According to Seth Shostak, a reasonable (conservative) estimate of the number of extraterrestrial signal sources or transmitters is: |
| | A) | 10 – 100. |
| | B) | 100 - 1,000. |
| | C) | 1,000 - 10,000. |
| | D) | 10,000 - 1,000,000. |
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| 27 | |
According to Jeff Foust, the ultimate goal of human space exploration is to: |
| | A) | support the US effort to lead the world. |
| | B) | chart a path for human expansion into the human system. |
| | C) | help solve the energy crisis. |
| | D) | help manage global warming. |
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| 28 | |
According to Jeff Foust, reasons for human space exploration that no longer hold up include: |
| | A) | strategic superiority. |
| | B) | scientific research. |
| | C) | international prestige. |
| | D) | all the above. |
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| 29 | |
According to Christof Koch and Giulio Tononi, what kind of phenomenon is human consciousness? |
| | A) | Spiritual. |
| | B) | Biological. |
| | C) | Natural. |
| | D) | Artificial. |
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| 30 | |
According to Christof Koch and Giulio Tononi, human consciousness does NOT require what part(s) of the human brain? |
| | A) | The cerebellum. |
| | B) | The cerebral cortex. |
| | C) | The thalamus. |
| | D) | The hypothalamic goiter. |
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| 31 | |
According to James A. Lewis, the United States has woven computer networks into so many of its economic activities that we are as reliant on the Internet as on: |
| | A) | financial markets. |
| | B) | telecommunications systems. |
| | C) | the Interstate highway system. |
| | D) | any other critical infrastructure system. |
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| 32 | |
According to James A. Lewis, cybersecurity may be unachievable: |
| | A) | without government intervention. |
| | B) | unless we invade the homelands of cyberterrorists. |
| | C) | without a breakthrough in security research. |
| | D) | because so many people let their computers get infected with malware. |
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| 33 | |
According to the International Intellectual Property Alliance (IIPA), Indonesia's onerous market barriers do not include: |
| | A) | the requirement to locally manufacture film prints. |
| | B) | endorsement of the use and adoption of open source software within government organizations. |
| | C) | government-sponsored peer-to-peer download services. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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| 34 | |
According to the International Intellectual Property Alliance (IIPA), one goal of Indonesia's endorsement of the use and adoption of open source software within government organizations was: |
| | A) | reducing software copyright violations. |
| | B) | denying technology choice. |
| | C) | denying fair and equitable market access to software companies. |
| | D) | increasing income for software companies. |
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| 35 | |
According to John J. Miller, the target attacked by terrorists on September 7, 2005, was: |
| | A) | the World Trade Center. |
| | B) | the New York Stock Exchange. |
| | C) | the Life Sciences Research company. |
| | D) | Columbia University. |
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| 36 | |
According to John J. Miller, animal rights terrorism includes such tactics as: |
| | A) | property destruction. |
| | B) | physical assaults. |
| | C) | harassment of animal researchers and their associates. |
| | D) | all the above. |
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| 37 | |
According to M. J. McNamee and S. D. Edwards, Francis Fukuyama has called transhumanism: |
| | A) | the wave of the future. |
| | B) | the world's most dangerous idea. |
| | C) | Inevitable. |
| | D) | a threat to sustainable development. |
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| 38 | |
According to M. J. McNamee and S. D. Edwards, advocates of "strong transhumanism" see themselves as engaged in a project aimed at: |
| | A) | overcoming the limits of human nature. |
| | B) | immortality. |
| | C) | space colonization. |
| | D) | making The Matrix real. |
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| 39 | |
According to Jim Thomas, Eric Hoffman, and Jaydee Hanson, the risks of synthetic biology include: |
| | A) | destroying ecosystems |
| | B) | threatening human health |
| | C) | unsustainably increasing the pressure of human activities on land and marine ecologies |
| | D) | all the above |
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| 40 | |
According to Jim Thomas, Eric Hoffman, and Jaydee Hanson, pursuing the promise of synthetic biology for creating biofuels could threaten all of the following except: |
| | A) | the oil industry |
| | B) | efforts to conserve biological diversity |
| | C) | efforts to ensure food security |
| | D) | efforts to prevent dangerous climate change |
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| 41 | |
According to Mike McConnell, the sprawling United States economy is located in: |
| | A) | North America |
| | B) | New York's Wall Street, mostly |
| | C) | Europe and China |
| | D) | our communications networks |
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| 42 | |
According to Mike McConnell, the right strategy to fight a cyber-war must involve: |
| | A) | deterrence and preemption |
| | B) | deterrence alone |
| | C) | massive retaliation with nuclear missiles |
| | D) | counterattacks in cyberspace |
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| 43 | |
According to Marshall Brain, the first machines able to see, hear, and manipulate objects at a level roughly equivalent to human beings may be on the market by: |
| | A) | 2015 |
| | B) | 2025 |
| | C) | 2050 |
| | D) | 2100 |
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| 44 | |
According to Marshall Brain, the first wave of replacement of human workers with humanoid robots may happen by about: |
| | A) | 2030 |
| | B) | 2050 |
| | C) | 2100 |
| | D) | 2120 |
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