 |
| 1 | |
Signs that the media was losing its liberal bias were apparent in the 1980s, Fred Barnes explains, as indicated by all of the following except: |
| | A) | a pro-Reagan outlook. |
| | B) | extensive financial news coverage. |
| | C) | an emphasis on traditional family values. |
| | D) | the rise of conservative columnists. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
In order to explain President Bush’s re-election, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. notes, political pundits cited the: |
| | A) | current economic boom. |
| | B) | rise in religious fundamentalism. |
| | C) | successes in foreign policy. |
| | D) | rising U.S. reputation abroad. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Mark Krikorian, who believes that Third World immigration is a threat to America’s way of life, suggests that what is different about immigration today, as opposed to a century ago, is the characteristics of: |
| | A) | the newcomers. |
| | B) | the “new” Third World. |
| | C) | the rest of the industrial world. |
| | D) | our society. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
Jason L. Riley, who does not believe that Third World immigration is a threat to America’s way of life, describes today’s Latino immigrants (as compared to immigrants of the past) as: |
| | A) | dissatisfied. |
| | B) | newer. |
| | C) | different. |
| | D) | same old, same old. |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
What are two new terms that Ahrons uses to describe divorced families with which Marquardt takes issue? |
| | A) | Healthy and Well-Adjusted |
| | B) | Binuclear and Tribe |
| | C) | Combined and Growing |
| | D) | Groundbreaking and Courageous |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
What language would Marquardt prefer Ahrons use to describe divorced families, other than “changed” or “rearranged”? |
| | A) | Damaged or Destroyed |
| | B) | Sad or Pitiable |
| | C) | Unbearable or Depressing |
| | D) | Disrupted or Sidetracked |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
According to Hill and colleagues, why do most professional women not opt to reduce their work hours, even though research shows that this reduction leads to increase life satisfaction? |
| | A) | Because they have perfected their time-management skills so that they do not need to reduce hours to complete all work and family tasks. |
| | B) | Because the economic costs are too great. |
| | C) | Because the reduction interferes with their abilities to feel
they’re making progress on work projects. |
| | D) | Because their workplaces do not allow such options. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Hill and his colleagues mentioned that the participants in their
study were more highly educated and highly paid than most average employees. To what part of the research method does this information pose a problem? |
| | A) | Variable selection |
| | B) | Random assignment |
| | C) | Data analysis |
| | D) | Generalizability |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
According to the Human Rights Campaign, same-gender couples may want to marry for all of the following reasons, except: |
| | A) | To have legal protection and security for themselves and any children they may have. |
| | B) | To have the social recognition of family, friends, and society at large. |
| | C) | To advance their political agenda in order to spite heterosexual couples. |
| | D) | To benefit from the emotional and financial structure that legal marriage can afford many couples. |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
According to HRC, why aren't "civil unions" enough for same-gender couples? |
| | A) | "Civil union" just doesn't sound as serious or life-long as
"marriage." |
| | B) | Civil unions must be conducted by a justice of the peace, and many same-gender couples desire a religious ceremony. |
| | C) | They are done in private, so that the couple does not receive the same social recognition as people who marry. |
| | D) | Civil unions only provide state-level benefits, which are
recognized on a state-by-state basis, not the 1000+ federal benefits that marriage offers. |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
In the early twentieth century, James Kurth explains, Henry Ford was willing to pay his factory workers twice the going rate in order to: |
| | A) | ensure their loyalty. |
| | B) | project the idea that the company was an extended family. |
| | C) | create a broad middle class that could afford his cars. |
| | D) | reduce the competition from other automakers. |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
Gary S. Becker and Kevin M. Murphy point out that today’s labor market places the greatest emphasis on: |
| | A) | level of education. |
| | B) | creating a diverse workforce. |
| | C) | worker flexibility. |
| | D) | networking and personal connections. |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
Barbara Epstein, who believes that feminism has benefited American society, concludes with a call for |
| | A) | the redefining of feminism as an idea. |
| | B) | the abandonment of the quest for an egalitarian society and a new focus on individualism. |
| | C) | more women getting involved in academia. |
| | D) | a return to a revised version of radical feminism. |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Kate O'Beirne, who does not believe that feminism has benefited American society, cites a researcher who noted that all of the "big things in life," including health and long life, depend on |
| | A) | financial stability. |
| | B) | marriage. |
| | C) | self-actualization. |
| | D) | equality. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
Curtis Crawford, who believes that affirmative action has outlived its usefulness, feels that racial preference should not be thought of as compensation because the right of just compensation requires proof of: |
| | A) | specific injury to the person who invokes it. |
| | B) | long-term damage to the person who invokes it. |
| | C) | institutional bias against the person who invokes it. |
| | D) | discrimination against the person who invokes it. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
Lawrence D. Bobo, who does not believe that affirmative action has outlived its usefulness, notes that in American politics racial prejudice is: |
| | A) | disappearing from politics. |
| | B) | still affecting politics. |
| | C) | much more apparent in certain electoral districts. |
| | D) | more pervasive in politics than ever before. |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
What has been the main problem with the discussion on women’s status in the workplace, according to Eagly and Carli? |
| | A) | Women haven’t had a voice in the discussion. |
| | B) | Too many years have passed since valid data have been collected on the topic. |
| | C) | Discussion has been focused on the wrong issue. |
| | D) | There is no real problem with women’s status in the workplace. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
According to Eagly and Carli, ______ & ______ have had positive effects on men’s wages, while ______ have had more positive effects on women’s wages. |
| | A) | marriage & children; years of work experience |
| | B) | education level & children; marriage status |
| | C) | work experience & education; marriage status |
| | D) | marriage & children; years of education |
| | E) | None of the above |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
After the U.S. Civil War, the People’s Party, also known as the Populists, were motivated by the all of the following except: |
| | A) | government corruption. |
| | B) | industrial monopolies. |
| | C) | increasing immigration. |
| | D) | economic hardship for western farmers. |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
A frequently cited example of the negative aspect of minority rule used by pluralists is the: |
| | A) | write-in political candidate. |
| | B) | Senate filibuster. |
| | C) | union strike. |
| | D) | appeal to the Supreme Court. |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Robert B. Reich, who believes that capitalism undermines democracy, says that conventional wisdom holds that where either capitalism or democracy flourishes: |
| | A) | the social imperatives remain the same. |
| | B) | prosperity is the order of the day. |
| | C) | the other must soon follow. |
| | D) | the other withers away. |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Anthony B. Kim, who does not believe that capitalism undermines democracy, points out that economic freedom is a powerful building block for advancing: |
| | A) | a stabilized civilization. |
| | B) | globalism. |
| | C) | democratic governance. |
| | D) | superiority on the world stage. |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Joseph E. Stiglitz, who believes that government should intervene in a capitalist economy, makes the simple statement that information is: |
| | A) | cheap. |
| | B) | a public good. |
| | C) | overrated. |
| | D) | a rare commodity. |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
Walter Williams, who does not believe that government should intervene in a capitalist economy, maintains that most of what America’s Founders understood as legitimate powers of the federal government are enumerated in: |
| | A) | Article 3 of the Articles of Confederation. |
| | B) | the Bill of Rights. |
| | C) | the Declaration of Independence. |
| | D) | Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution. |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
David Coates, who believes that welfare reform has benefited the poor, points out that the earliest welfare state in the modern world was developed in: |
| | A) | France. |
| | B) | Italy. |
| | C) | Germany. |
| | D) | Canada. |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
Stephanie Mencimer, who does not believe that welfare reform has benefited the poor, maintains that the welfare system today is: |
| | A) | dying a quiet death. |
| | B) | still the polarizing, racially tinged political issue it was when
Ronald Reagan attacked “welfare queens.” |
| | C) | on the verge of a revolution. |
| | D) | showing signs of rejuvenation. |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
According to Clint Bolick, who believes that competition is the
reform that will fix public education, which one of the following first made the modern case for school vouchers? |
| | A) | social scientist James Coleman |
| | B) | law professors Jack Coons and Steven Sugarman |
| | C) | economist Milton Friedman |
| | D) | Senator James Blaine (R-ME) |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
Ron Wolk, who does not believe that competition is the reform that will fix public education, notes that the answers to the questions "How do we fix our broken public schools?" and "How do we raise student achievement?" have nearly always focused on the: |
| | A) | student. |
| | B) | test scores. |
| | C) | politics. |
| | D) | school. |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
The members of the President’s Council on Bioethics, who believe that biotechnology should be used to alter and enhance humans, note that at first glance, a memory-altering drug would seem ideally suited for the prevention of: |
| | A) | post-traumatic stress disorder. |
| | B) | combat fatigue. |
| | C) | schizophreniform disorder. |
| | D) | delusional recall. |
|
|
|
| 30 | |
Michael J. Sandel, who does not believe that biotechnology should be used to alter and enhance humans, describes a case in which a man and woman were criticized for their efforts to have a child who was: |
| | A) | taller than average. |
| | B) | gifted with musical ability. |
| | C) | likely to be homosexual. |
| | D) | deaf from birth. |
|
|
|
| 31 | |
David A. Anderson, who believes that street crime is more harmful than white-collar crime, is surprised to find that, compared to every other category of crime, the crime that generates the smallest volume of transfers is: |
| | A) | fraud. |
| | B) | robbery. |
| | C) | petty theft. |
| | D) | drug trafficking. |
|
|
|
| 32 | |
Jeffrey Reiman, who does not believe that street crime, is more
harmful than white-collar crime, argues that Americans tend to define crime as: |
| | A) | illegal behavior. |
| | B) | actions that cause misery. |
| | C) | dangerous actions of the poor. |
| | D) | violations of social norms. |
|
|
|
| 33 | |
There are several variations of the definition of legalization of
drugs. Kleber and Califano argue that legalization policy proposals
are: |
| | A) | establishing an open and free market for drugs. |
| | B) | making drugs legal for the adult population, but illegal for
minors. |
| | C) | having only the government produce and sell drugs. |
| | D) | allowing a private market in drugs, but with restrictions on
advertising, dosage, and place of consumption. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
|
|
|
| 34 | |
Law Enforcement Against Prohibition (LEAP) is an organization of law enforcement officials who believe in drug legalization and regulation. Current and former members of these organizations are: |
| | A) | policemen, prison guards, and military police. |
| | B) | policemen, prison guards, Drug Enforcement Administration agents, judges and prosecutors. |
| | C) | policemen, Drug Enforcement Administration agents and Department of Justice Officials. |
| | D) | judges, prosecutors and state and federal Congress men and women. |
|
|
|
| 35 | |
Brian Michael Jenkins, who believes we are headed toward a nuclear 9/11, asserts that terrorism has increasingly become: |
| | A) | the subject to avoid in high places. |
| | B) | an effective strategic weapon. |
| | C) | a media favorite. |
| | D) | "uninteresting" news. |
|
|
|
| 36 | |
Graham Allison, who does not believe we are headed toward a nuclear 9/11, makes a case for the creation of: |
| | A) | a network of bomb-proof underground shelters. |
| | B) | a global alliance against nuclear terrorism. |
| | C) | an international military team trained in catastrophic first
response. |
| | D) | an alliance of Western scientists for the development of anti-nuclear systems. |
|
|
|
| 37 | |
Michael Meyer, who believes that declining growth rates rather than rapid population growth is today's major global population problem, makes all of the following predictions except: |
| | A) | America will over the next 45 years experience lessening immigration. |
| | B) | America’s indigenous population is likely to stay relatively
constant. |
| | C) | America is the only modern nation that will continue to grow. |
| | D) | America will be the wildcard in the global equation. |
|
|
|
| 38 | |
With regard to the effect of human numbers on human consumption, Danielle Nierenberg and Mia MacDonald, who do not believe that declining growth rates rather than rapid population growth is today's major global population problem, conclude that among the most political decisions societies can make are decisions about: |
| | A) | contraception and abortion. |
| | B) | equality between men and women. |
| | C) | health and education expenditures. |
| | D) | sexuality and lifestyle. |
|
|
|
| 39 | |
Lester R. Brown, who believes that humankind is dangerously harming the environment, points out that the Sumerians’ flawed irrigation system resulted in: |
| | A) | a sophisticated dam project. |
| | B) | rising salt levels in the soil. |
| | C) | widespread flooding. |
| | D) | permanently drained rivers. |
|
|
|
| 40 | |
Bjorn Lomborg, who does not believe that humankind is dangerously harming the environment, objects to the Kyoto Treaty because it: |
| | A) | could not be implemented efficiently. |
| | B) | merely buys the world six years. |
| | C) | puts too much of the financial burden on the United States. |
| | D) | is unfair to Third World countries. |
|
|
|
| 41 | |
Johan Norberg, who believes that globalization is good for mankind, asserts that globalization gives power to: |
| | A) | the individual. |
| | B) | political institutions. |
| | C) | no one. |
| | D) | the elite. |
|
|
|
| 42 | |
Martin Hart-Landsberg explains that supporters of free trade agreements and the World Trade Organization claim that open trade can: |
| | A) | stabilize governments in developing countries. |
| | B) | improve political alliances among countries. |
| | C) | enhance efficiency and maximize economic well-being. |
| | D) | reduce emigration pressures. |
|
|
|
| 43 | |
Jim DeMint, who believes that big government is bad government, claims that almost everything the federal government attempts to do: |
| | A) | is too little too late. |
| | B) | is over budget. |
| | C) | becomes a disaster. |
| | D) | is undermined by the American people. |
|
|
|
| 44 | |
Jeff Madrick, who believes that bigger government is better government, reminds us that President Eisenhower, a Republican, incurred the ire of the Republican right wing when he proposed: |
| | A) | to expand Social Security coverage to another 10 million workers. |
| | B) | a federally subsidized school-lunch program. |
| | C) | spending $4.2 billion on the “space race.” |
| | D) | cutting the military budget by more than 30 percent. |
|
|
|
| 45 | |
Northwestern University’s Alice H. Eagley and Wellesley College’s Linda L. Carli, who believe that women make better leaders, quote Rosener in characterizing women’s leadership style as interactive and men’s leadership style as: |
| | A) | communal. |
| | B) | empowering. |
| | C) | command-and-control. |
| | D) | contemporary. |
|
|
|
| 46 | |
INSEAD professor Herminia Ibarra and her doctoral student Otilia Obodaru, who believe than men make better leaders, suggest that women lack an important leadership quality, which is: |
| | A) | physical endurance. |
| | B) | strategic envisioning. |
| | C) | mental tenacity. |
| | D) | emotional distancing. |
|
|
.