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| 1 | |
Signs that the media was losing its liberal bias were apparent in the 1980s, Fred Barnes explains, as indicated by all of the following except |
| | A) | a pro-Reagan outlook. |
| | B) | extensive financial news coverage. |
| | C) | an emphasis on traditional family values. |
| | D) | the rise of conservative columnists. |
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| 2 | |
In order to explain President Bush's re-election, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. notes, political pundits cited the |
| | A) | current economic boom. |
| | B) | rise in religious fundamentalism. |
| | C) | successes in foreign policy. |
| | D) | rising U.S. reputation abroad. |
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| 3 | |
Mark Krikorian, who believes that Third World immigration is a threat to America's way of life, suggests that what is different about immigration today, as opposed to a century ago, is the characteristics of |
| | A) | the newcomers. |
| | B) | the "new" Third World. |
| | C) | the rest of the industrial world. |
| | D) | our society. |
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| 4 | |
Jason L. Riley, who does not believe that Third World immigration is a threat to America's way of life, describes today's Latino immigrants (as compared to immigrants of the past) as |
| | A) | dissatisfied. |
| | B) | newer. |
| | C) | different. |
| | D) | same old, same old. |
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| 5 | |
What are two new terms that Ahrons uses to describe divorced families with which Marquardt takes issue? |
| | A) | Healthy and Well-Adjusted |
| | B) | Binuclear and Tribe |
| | C) | Combined and Growing |
| | D) | Groundbreaking and Courageous |
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| 6 | |
What language would Marquardt prefer Ahrons use to describe divorced families, other than "changed" or "rearranged"? |
| | A) | Damaged or Destroyed |
| | B) | Sad or Pitiable |
| | C) | Unbearable or Depressing |
| | D) | Disrupted or Sidetracked |
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| 7 | |
Linda Hirshman, who contends that women are continuing to "opt out" of work in favor of family, emphasizes that |
| | A) | feminist influence has made no change in women's lives. |
| | B) | feminist influence has changed some of women's choices, but not the results of those choices. |
| | C) | feminist influence has had a positive effect on family life. |
| | D) | feminist influence has had a positive effect on work life. |
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| 8 | |
Pamela Stone, who suggests that being women have little choice when deciding between work and family, believes that |
| | A) | high-achieving women rarely end up taking care of their children. |
| | B) | work places tend to offer women great flexibility for maintaining both careers and family. |
| | C) | high-achieving women are often surprised by the pressures of balancing work and family life. |
| | D) | public policy tends to pressure women towards staying at work. |
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| 9 | |
According to the Human Rights Campaign, same-gender couples may want to marry for all of the following reasons, except |
| | A) | To have legal protection and security for themselves and anychildren they may have. |
| | B) | To have the social recognition of family, friends, and society at large. |
| | C) | To advance their political agenda in order to spite heterosexual couples. |
| | D) | To benefit from the emotional and financial structure that legal marriage can afford many couples. |
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| 10 | |
According to HRC, why aren't "civil unions" enough for same-gender couples? |
| | A) | "Civil union" just doesn't sound as serious or life-long as"marriage." |
| | B) | Civil unions must be conducted by a justice of the peace, and many same-gender couples desire a religious ceremony. |
| | C) | They are done in private, so that the couple does not receive the same social recognition as people who marry. |
| | D) | Civil unions only provide state-level benefits, which arerecognized on a state-by-state basis, not the 1000+ federalbenefits that marriage offers. |
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| 11 | |
In the early twentieth century, James Kurth explains, Henry Ford was willing to pay his factory workers twice the going rate in order to |
| | A) | ensure their loyalty. |
| | B) | project the idea that the company was an extended family. |
| | C) | create a broad middle class that could afford his cars. |
| | D) | reduce the competition from other automakers. |
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| 12 | |
Gary S. Becker and Kevin M. Murphy point out that today's labor market places the greatest emphasis on |
| | A) | level of education. |
| | B) | creating a diverse workforce. |
| | C) | worker flexibility. |
| | D) | networking and personal connections. |
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| 13 | |
Alvin Poussaint, who believes that America is moving toward a post-racial society, was once a script consultant for |
| | A) | Sanford and Son. |
| | B) | The Jeffersons. |
| | C) | The Cosby Show. |
| | D) | All in the Family. |
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| 14 | |
Lawrence D. Bobo, who does not believe that America is moving toward a post-racial society, notes that March 7, 1965, known as Bloody Sunday, led to the |
| | A) | march from Selma to Montgomery. |
| | B) | Woolworth's lunch counter sit-in by students in Greensboro, North Carolina. |
| | C) | bombing of a Baptist church in Birmingham, Alabama. |
| | D) | Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott. |
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| 15 | |
Barbara Epstein, who believes that feminism has benefited American society, concludes with a call for |
| | A) | the redefining of feminism as an idea. |
| | B) | the abandonment of the quest for an egalitarian society and a new focus on individualism. |
| | C) | more women getting involved in academia. |
| | D) | a return to a revised version of radical feminism. |
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| 16 | |
Kate O'Beirne, who does not believe that feminism has benefited American society, cites a researcher who noted that all of the "big things in life," including health and long life, depend on |
| | A) | financial stability. |
| | B) | marriage. |
| | C) | self-actualization. |
| | D) | equality. |
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| 17 | |
Both Lips and Shackleton agree that |
| | A) | the gender wage gap has decreased over the past 25 years. |
| | B) | the gender wage gap has remained the same over the past 25 years. |
| | C) | there is still a gender wage gap today. |
| | D) | the gender wage gap has become nominal. |
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| 18 | |
Shackleton suggests that the primary explanation for the gender wage gap is differences in |
| | A) | levels of education. |
| | B) | employer discrimination. |
| | C) | perceived value of work performed. |
| | D) | employee's choices. |
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| 19 | |
After the U.S. Civil War, the People's Party, also known as the Populists, were motivated by the all of the following except |
| | A) | government corruption. |
| | B) | industrial monopolies. |
| | C) | increasing immigration. |
| | D) | economic hardship for western farmers. |
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| 20 | |
A frequently cited example of the negative aspect of minority rule used by pluralists is the |
| | A) | write-in political candidate. |
| | B) | Senate filibuster. |
| | C) | union strike. |
| | D) | appeal to the Supreme Court. |
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| 21 | |
Robert B. Reich, who believes that capitalism undermines democracy, says that conventional wisdom holds that where either capitalism or democracy flourishes |
| | A) | the social imperatives remain the same. |
| | B) | prosperity is the order of the day. |
| | C) | the other must soon follow. |
| | D) | the other withers away. |
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| 22 | |
Anthony B. Kim, who does not believe that capitalism undermines democracy, points out that economic freedom is a powerful building block for advancing |
| | A) | a stabilized civilization. |
| | B) | globalism. |
| | C) | democratic governance. |
| | D) | superiority on the world stage. |
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| 23 | |
Joseph E. Stiglitz, who believes that government should intervene in a capitalist economy, makes the simple statement that information is |
| | A) | cheap. |
| | B) | a public good. |
| | C) | overrated. |
| | D) | a rare commodity. |
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| 24 | |
Walter Williams, who does not believe that government should intervene in a capitalist economy, maintains that most of what America's Founders understood as legitimate powers of the federal government are enumerated in |
| | A) | Article 3 of the Articles of Confederation. |
| | B) | the Bill of Rights. |
| | C) | the Declaration of Independence. |
| | D) | Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution. |
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| 25 | |
David Coates, who believes that welfare reform has benefited the poor, points out that the earliest welfare state in the modern world was developed in |
| | A) | France. |
| | B) | Italy. |
| | C) | Germany. |
| | D) | Canada. |
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| 26 | |
Stephanie Mencimer, who does not believe that welfare reform has benefited the poor, maintains that the welfare system today is |
| | A) | dying a quiet death. |
| | B) | still the polarizing, racially tinged political issue it was when Ronald Reagan attacked "welfare queens." |
| | C) | on the verge of a revolution. |
| | D) | showing signs of rejuvenation. |
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| 27 | |
Some policy experts, such as Phillip C. Schlechty, maintain that local control over education is particularly important in that it |
| | A) | contributes to a sense of community. |
| | B) | can be designed to meet the specific goals of a community. |
| | C) | counteracts overreaching by the federal government in other areas of people's lives. |
| | D) | is primarily financed by the local government. |
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| 28 | |
Soon, as Sharon L. Nichols and David C. Berliner report, the testing requirements of NCLB will be expanded to include |
| | A) | civics. |
| | B) | history. |
| | C) | science. |
| | D) | a foreign language. |
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| 29 | |
The members of the President's Council on Bioethics, who believe that biotechnology should be used to alter and enhance humans, note that at first glance, a memory-altering drug would seem ideally suited for the prevention of |
| | A) | post-traumatic stress disorder. |
| | B) | combat fatigue. |
| | C) | schizophreniform disorder. |
| | D) | delusional recall. |
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| 30 | |
Michael J. Sandel, who does not believe that biotechnology should be used to alter and enhance humans, describes a case in which a man and woman were criticized for their efforts to have a child who was |
| | A) | taller than average. |
| | B) | gifted with musical ability. |
| | C) | likely to be homosexual. |
| | D) | deaf from birth. |
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| 31 | |
David A. Anderson, who believes that street crime is more harmful than white-collar crime, is surprised to find that, compared to every other category of crime, the crime that generates the smallest volume of transfers is |
| | A) | fraud. |
| | B) | robbery. |
| | C) | petty theft. |
| | D) | drug trafficking. |
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| 32 | |
Jeffrey Reiman, who does not believe that street crime, is more harmful than white-collar crime, argues that Americans tend to define crime as |
| | A) | illegal behavior. |
| | B) | actions that cause misery. |
| | C) | dangerous actions of the poor. |
| | D) | violations of social norms. |
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| 33 | |
There are several variations of the definition of legalization of drugs. Kleber and Califano argue that legalization policy proposals are |
| | A) | establishing an open and free market for drugs. |
| | B) | making drugs legal for the adult population, but illegal for minors. |
| | C) | having only the government produce and sell drugs. |
| | D) | allowing a private market in drugs, but with restrictions on advertising, dosage, and place of consumption. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 34 | |
Law Enforcement Against Prohibition (LEAP) is an organization of law enforcement officials who believe in drug legalization and regulation. Current and former members of these organizations are |
| | A) | policemen, prison guards, and military police. |
| | B) | policemen, prison guards, Drug Enforcement Administration agents, judges and prosecutors. |
| | C) | policemen, Drug Enforcement Administration agents and Department of Justice Officials. |
| | D) | judges, prosecutors and state and federal Congress men and women. |
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| 35 | |
Brian Michael Jenkins, who believes we are headed toward a nuclear 9/11, asserts that terrorism has increasingly become |
| | A) | the subject to avoid in high places. |
| | B) | an effective strategic weapon. |
| | C) | a media favorite. |
| | D) | "uninteresting" news. |
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| 36 | |
Graham Allison, who does not believe we are headed toward a nuclear 9/11, makes a case for the creation of |
| | A) | a network of bomb-proof underground shelters. |
| | B) | a global alliance against nuclear terrorism. |
| | C) | an international military team trained in catastrophic first response. |
| | D) | an alliance of Western scientists for the development of anti-nuclear systems. |
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| 37 | |
Mirko Bagaric and Julie Clarke, who believe that torture is sometimes justified, argue that |
| | A) | torture can be a useful means of acquiring information in certain cases. |
| | B) | in torturing terrorists who themselves use torture, we are simply fighting fire with fire. |
| | C) | other nations recognize the use of torture, and if we do not do the same, then we will be at a disadvantage. |
| | D) | torture has a bad name today because it was used by religious fanatics in the past, but today it can be used for people who commit serious physical crimes—not "sins" or theological offenses. |
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| 38 | |
Philip E. Devine, who does not believe that torture is ever justified, explains that severe physical pain |
| | A) | has never been a concern of the Geneva Convention. |
| | B) | is not an objective concept. |
| | C) | does not necessarily block out the higher human capacities. |
| | D) | occupies the entire consciousness. |
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| 39 | |
The George W. Bush White House, which believes that immigration benefits the economy, tells us that a simple and frequently cited metric of natives' total gains from immigration is known as the |
| | A) | foreigner factor. |
| | B) | non-native quotient. |
| | C) | native-born net. |
| | D) | immigration surplus. |
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| 40 | |
Steven A. Camarota, who does not believe that immigration benefits the economy, wants us to understand that an increase in the size of the economy |
| | A) | is not, by itself, a benefit to the entire population. |
| | B) | benefits everyone in the population, to varying degrees. |
| | C) | would have to represent extraordinary growth before any benefit would be appreciable. |
| | D) | is a purely subjective concept. |
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| 41 | |
Lester R. Brown, who believes that humankind is dangerously harming the environment, points out that the Sumerians' flawed irrigation system resulted in |
| | A) | a sophisticated dam project. |
| | B) | rising salt levels in the soil. |
| | C) | widespread flooding. |
| | D) | permanently drained rivers. |
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| 42 | |
Bjorn Lomborg, who does not believe that humankind is dangerously harming the environment, objects to the Kyoto Treaty because it |
| | A) | could not be implemented efficiently. |
| | B) | merely buys the world six years. |
| | C) | puts too much of the financial burden on the United States. |
| | D) | is unfair to Third World countries. |
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| 43 | |
The core principle of globalization, according to the IMF staff, is the |
| | A) | protection of intellectual property. |
| | B) | free exchange of ideas and culture. |
| | C) | unhindered exchange of international goods and services. |
| | D) | commitment of governments to greater openness and transparency. |
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| 44 | |
The push to reduce trade barriers after World War II was an effort by nations to |
| | A) | prevent future wars. |
| | B) | undertake the massive reconstruction effort needed after the war. |
| | C) | share new technologies for the good of humanity. |
| | D) | enable their corporations to become multinational institutions. |
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