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| 1 | |
The core principle of globalization, according to the IMF staff, is the |
| | A) | protection of intellectual property. |
| | B) | free exchange of ideas and culture. |
| | C) | unhindered exchange of international goods and services. |
| | D) | commitment of governments to greater openness and transparency. |
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| 2 | |
The push to reduce trade barriers after World War II was an effort by nations to |
| | A) | prevent future wars. |
| | B) | undertake the massive reconstruction effort needed after the war. |
| | C) | share new technologies for the good of humanity. |
| | D) | enable their corporations to become multinational institutions. |
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| 3 | |
Walden Bello, who believes that capitalism is a failed model for a globalized economy, asserts that the forces making for the long-term stagnation of the global capitalist economy are now too heavy to be easily shaken off by the economic equivalent of |
| | A) | a one-trick pony. |
| | B) | mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. |
| | C) | smoke and mirrors. |
| | D) | a white flag. |
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| 4 | |
Dani Rodrik, who does not believe that capitalism is a failed model for a globalized economy, points out that antitrust policies were first spearheaded in |
| | A) | France. |
| | B) | the United States. |
| | C) | Great Britain. |
| | D) | Germany. |
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| 5 | |
Allan Brian Ssenyonga, who believes that globalization threatens cultural diversity, says that "a complex series of economic, social, technological, and political changes seen as increasing interdependence and interaction between people and companies in disparate locations" is more simply known by the umbrella term |
| | A) | socialism. |
| | B) | globalization. |
| | C) | assimilation. |
| | D) | liberalization. |
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| 6 | |
Philippe Legrain, who does not believe that globalization threatens cultural diversity, insists that globalization can free people from |
| | A) | language barriers. |
| | B) | the clutches of poverty. |
| | C) | the tyranny of geography. |
| | D) | the boredom of cultural uniformity. |
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| 7 | |
Christopher Layne, who believes that the United States is a declining power, states that, faced with wars it cannot win or quit and an economy begging rescue, the United States no longer fits into the role of |
| | A) | borrower. |
| | B) | usurper. |
| | C) | provoker. |
| | D) | hegemon. |
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| 8 | |
Alan W. Dowd, who does not believe that the United States is a declining power, refers to the claim by London Sunday Times writer Matthew Parris that the United States is |
| | A) | distracted. |
| | B) | supernatural. |
| | C) | overstretched. |
| | D) | self-contradicting. |
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| 9 | |
Stephen Sestanovich, who believes that the Jackson–Vanik amendment targeting Russia should be repealed, explains that this legislation remains in force for reasons that have only to do with |
| | A) | human rights. |
| | B) | free emigration. |
| | C) | trade. |
| | D) | old fears. |
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| 10 | |
David Satter, who does not believe that the Jackson–Vanik amendment targeting Russia should be repealed, points out that democracy in Russia |
| | A) | means stability. |
| | B) | is an illusion. |
| | C) | does not preclude hostility. |
| | D) | has already "left the building." |
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| 11 | |
China's power compared to Europe's began to ebb at the time of the |
| | A) | Crusades. |
| | B) | Industrial Revolution. |
| | C) | French Revolution. |
| | D) | overthrow of the last Chinese emperor. |
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| 12 | |
As Communist China began to build up its strength, it first turned its attention to |
| | A) | economic power. |
| | B) | establishing diplomatic relations throughout Asia. |
| | C) | cultural exports. |
| | D) | military power. |
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| 13 | |
P.J. Berlyn, who believes that it would be an error to establish a Palestinian state, includes all of the following in a list of "bad arguments" supporting the creation of a state of Palestine except that it will |
| | A) | bring about peace and stability to the Middle East. |
| | B) | balance the current economic inequalities between the states. |
| | C) | end Israel's occupation of Palestinian territory. |
| | D) | rectify a historic injustice to the Arabs. |
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| 14 | |
Rosemary E. Shinko, who does not believe that it would be an error to establish a Palestinian state, argues that all states are |
| | A) | manmade creations. |
| | B) | reflective of the conditions that led to their rise. |
| | C) | a political creation of men and women. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 15 | |
A clear motivation for Iran's desire to develop nuclear weapons was the |
| | A) | founding of Israel. |
| | B) | enmity of the United States. |
| | C) | desire to enter the international community on an elevated footing. |
| | D) | use of chemical weapons by Iraq during a lengthy war with Iran. |
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| 16 | |
According to Christopher Hemmer, the United States has all of the following key strategic interests in the Persian Gulf except |
| | A) | promoting democracy throughout the region. |
| | B) | maintaining the flow of oil onto world markets. |
| | C) | preventing any hostile state from dominating the region. |
| | D) | minimizing any terrorist threat from the region. |
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| 17 | |
Arturo A. Valenzuela, who believes that U.S. policy toward Latin America is on the right track, asserts that there is a strong element of community in the Americas today, |
| | A) | and it will only get stronger with time. |
| | B) | and an even stronger element of security. |
| | C) | but the widening economic gap could undo this. |
| | D) | but history tells us that this may be temporary. |
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| 18 | |
Otto J. Reich, who does not believe that U.S. policy toward Latin America is on the right track, points out that ALBA (the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas) was conceived in Havana and is financed by |
| | A) | the Cuban tobacco industry. |
| | B) | private U.S. enterprises. |
| | C) | Venezuela's petro-dollars. |
| | D) | laundered Russian funds. |
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| 19 | |
C. Fred Bergsten, who believes that China's currency manipulation warrants international and national action, says that China's competitive undervaluation of its currency can best be described as |
| | A) | superficially consequential. |
| | B) | encouraging. |
| | C) | protectionism. |
| | D) | anti-protectionism. |
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| 20 | |
Pieter Bottelier and Uri Dadush, who do not believe that China's currency manipulation warrants international and national action, contend that China's primary growth driver has always been |
| | A) | global recession. |
| | B) | isolationism. |
| | C) | domestic demand. |
| | D) | integration into world markets. |
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| 21 | |
Opposition to immigrants is highest among respondents to a recent survey living in |
| | A) | Western Europe. |
| | B) | Latin America. |
| | C) | Asia. |
| | D) | sub-Saharan Africa. |
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| 22 | |
Undocumented immigration, according to Dan Siciliano, has been he result of the U.S. immigration system's failure to |
| | A) | work with other agencies to track visa recipients. |
| | B) | respond effectively to labor demands. |
| | C) | punish illegal immigrants sufficiently that others are deterred. |
| | D) | patrol U.S. borders effectively. |
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| 23 | |
John L. Hennessy, who believes that export controls on high technology should be eased substantially, points out that the overall leader in science and technology today is |
| | A) | China. |
| | B) | Germany. |
| | C) | the United States. |
| | D) | India. |
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| 24 | |
William C. Potter, who does not believe that export controls on high technology should be eased substantially, contends that the United States may have been more successful than most countries in prosecuting nonproliferation export-control violations, but it continues to be frustrated by |
| | A) | a lack of specialized prosecutors. |
| | B) | the absence of a national coordinator. |
| | C) | divergent foreign laws and practices. |
| | D) | congressional cross-purposes. |
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| 25 | |
Ariel Cohen, who believes that the U.S. strategic nuclear-weapons policy is ill-conceived, asserts that the Obama Administration's arms-control strategy to date has been |
| | A) | promising, despite congressional obstacles. |
| | B) | a huge improvement over his predecessor's. |
| | C) | deeply flawed. |
| | D) | without an iota of merit. |
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| 26 | |
Robert Farley, who does not believe that the U.S. strategic nuclear-weapons policy is ill-conceived, opposes those who want a renewal of the national security philosophy that President Ronald Reagan called |
| | A) | Powering by the Numbers. |
| | B) | the Compass of God. |
| | C) | Peace Through Strength. |
| | D) | Righteous Destiny. |
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| 27 | |
President Barack Obama, who believes that U.S. forces should continue to fight in Afghanistan, states that Afghanistan |
| | A) | has moved backward. |
| | B) | is lost. |
| | C) | is gaining momentum against the Taliban. |
| | D) | is reluctant to ask for U.S. support. |
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| 28 | |
Dennis Kucinich, who does not believe that U.S. forces should continue to fight in Afghanistan, points out that the congressional debate (March 10, 2010) on the war in Afghanistan is the first opportunity to revisit the 2001 |
| | A) | War Powers Resolution. |
| | B) | Homeland Security Proviso. |
| | C) | Authorization for Use of Military Force. |
| | D) | Response to Foreign Aggression Act. |
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| 29 | |
Mary Ellen O'Connell, who believes that using drones, also called UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) to attack terrorists globally violates international law, defines a terrorist attack as: |
| | A) | an armed conflict. |
| | B) | a crime. |
| | C) | a gray area of hostility. |
| | D) | an indefinable action. |
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| 30 | |
Michael W. Lewis, who does not believe that using drones to attack terrorists globally violates international law, points out that the combatant's conduct is regulated by: |
| | A) | a thousand years of warfare protocol. |
| | B) | International Humanitarian Law. |
| | C) | domestic law. |
| | D) | no one. |
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| 31 | |
The frequency of UN peacekeeping missions has risen sharply since the end of the Cold War because |
| | A) | the United States and Russia are no longer willing to undertake unilateral action. |
| | B) | many former Soviet states have become destabilized. |
| | C) | the United States and Soviet Union frequently used their veto powers to oppose missions during the Cold War. |
| | D) | more states have joined the United Nations, which has increased the funding available for these missions. |
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| 32 | |
The largest debtor to the United Nations in terms of peacekeeping payments is currently |
| | A) | China. |
| | B) | Russia. |
| | C) | Israel. |
| | D) | the United States. |
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| 33 | |
Brett D. Schaefer and Steven Groves, who believe that U.S. refusal to join the International Criminal Court is wise, have observed that, compared to the ad hoc tribunals it was created to replace, the ICC has performed |
| | A) | fairly well, but not without some minor problems. |
| | B) | not nearly as effectively. |
| | C) | little better. |
| | D) | much, much better. |
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| 34 | |
Jonathan F. Fanton, who does not believe that U.S. refusal to join the International Criminal Court is wise, maintains that the ad hoc war crimes tribunals after World War II were possible primarily because |
| | A) | they were the only way to calm the calls for revenge. |
| | B) | the Allied powers were still united in consensus. |
| | C) | Germany and the other Axis powers offered an unconditional surrender. |
| | D) | the specter of World War I was still at the forefront of international memory. |
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| 35 | |
Harold Hongju Koh, who believes that the United States should ratify the Convention to Eliminate All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, reports that with regard to education, CEDAW |
| | A) | mandates abolition of single-sex education. |
| | B) | requires parties to take appropriate measures to eliminate stereotyped concepts of men's and women's roles. |
| | C) | advocates censorship of textbooks containing egregious stereotypes of men and women. |
| | D) | may disrupt educational tradition in countries like the United States. |
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| 36 | |
Grace Melton Smith, who does not believe that the United States should ratify the Convention to Eliminate All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, characterizes the actions of the CEDAW as |
| | A) | provocative. |
| | B) | careless. |
| | C) | persuasive. |
| | D) | bullying. |
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| 37 | |
In earlier decades, far less carbon dioxide was retained in the atmosphere because |
| | A) | normal wind patterns dissipated it. |
| | B) | the world's oceans were able to absorb it. |
| | C) | other gases would bond with it. |
| | D) | plant photosynthesis could keep up with the level of gas. |
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| 38 | |
The current public fear over global warming, as Senator Inhofe explains, is driven by evidence based on |
| | A) | untested computer models. |
| | B) | past estimates of global temperatures. |
| | C) | sampling from the polar ice caps. |
| | D) | unsubstantiated anecdotes. |
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| 39 | |
Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, who believes that the Arab Spring democracy movement should be welcomed, states that the greatest single source of instability in today's Middle East is the |
| | A) | demand for change. |
| | B) | economy. |
| | C) | influence of Muslim extremists. |
| | D) | refusal to change. |
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| 40 | |
Bruce Thornton, who does not believe that the Arab Spring democracy movement should be welcomed, quotes the Turkish Prime Minister Reccep Tayyip Erdogan in comparing democracy to a train; Erdogan says that |
| | A) | "It is headed in only one direction—forward." |
| | B) | "There is room on the train for all parties." |
| | C) | "We shall get out when we arrive at the station we want." |
| | D) | "It will run over everything in its path." |
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| 41 | |
Ellen Tauscher, who believes that the United States should ratify the comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, notes that the goal of the United States is to move its relationship with Russia from one of Mutually Assured Destruction to one of Mutually Assured |
| | A) | Equality. |
| | B) | Non-Proliferation. |
| | C) | Peace. |
| | D) | Stability. |
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| 42 | |
Baker Spring, who does not believe that the United States should ratify the comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, makes the objection that the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty does not define |
| | A) | the types of tests banned. |
| | B) | explosive nuclear testing. |
| | C) | weapons-grade nuclear material. |
| | D) | penalties for noncompliance. |
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