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| 1 | |
The smallest particle into which a substance can be divided and still retain all of its chemical properties is |
| | A) | matter. |
| | B) | an atom. |
| | C) | a molecule. |
| | D) | mass. |
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| 2 | |
An atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons is |
| | A) | an isotope. |
| | B) | a neutron. |
| | C) | an ion. |
| | D) | radioactive. |
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| 3 | |
Atoms are held together by a force called a bond. The three types of bonds are |
| | A) | positive, negative, and neutral. |
| | B) | ionic, doric, and corinthian. |
| | C) | magnetic, electric, and radioactive. |
| | D) | ionic, covalent, and hydrogen. |
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| 4 | |
Carbon has four electrons in its outer electron shell, therefore |
| | A) | it has a completely filled outer electron shell. |
| | B) | it can form four single covalent bonds. |
| | C) | it does not react with any other atom. |
| | D) | it has a positive charge. |
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| 5 | |
The partial separation of charge in the water molecule |
| | A) | results from the electrons' greater attraction to the oxygen atom. |
| | B) | results from oxygen's higher electronegativity. |
| | C) | indicates that the water molecule is a polar molecule. |
| | D) | All of these are correct. |
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| 6 | |
Water has some very unusual properties. These properties occur because |
| | A) | of the hydrogen bonds between the individual water molecules. |
| | B) | of the covalent bonds within each individual water molecule. |
| | C) | of the hydrogen bonds within each individual water molecule. |
| | D) | of the ionic bonds between the individual water molecules. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following properties are somehow related to the need for significant thermal energy to break hydrogen bonds? |
| | A) | cohesion and adhesion |
| | B) | hydrophobic and hydrophilic |
| | C) | heat storage and heat of vaporization |
| | D) | ice formation and high polarity |
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| 8 | |
The attraction of water molecules to other water molecules is called |
| | A) | cohesion. |
| | B) | capillary action. |
| | C) | solubility. |
| | D) | adhesion. |
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| 9 | |
Water sometimes ionizes, a single molecule breaking apart into a hydrogen ion and a hydroxide ion. Other materials may dissociate in water, resulting in an increase of either (1) hydrogen ions or (2) hydroxide ions in the solution. We call the results |
| | A) | (1) acids and (2) bases. |
| | B) | (1) bases and (2) acids. |
| | C) | (1) neutral solutions and (2) neutronic solutions. |
| | D) | (1) hydrogen solutions and (2) hydroxide solutions. |
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| 10 | |
A buffer acts in all but which of the following ways? |
| | A) | to absorb H+ from the solution |
| | B) | to maintain pH levels within a range |
| | C) | to keep pH from ever changing |
| | D) | to release H+ into the solution |
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