Altering Body Position

1			According to your results, changing body position from standing to lying:
			A)	decreased the tidal volume.
			B)	did not change the tidal volume.
			C)	increased the tidal volume.
2			The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lung and the pulmonary blood supply takes place:
			A)	across the walls of the airways.
			B)	across the walls of airways and the alveoli.
			C)	across the walls of the alveoli.
3			During the breathing cycle, air enters the alveoli and the airways. If the airway volume is about 150 mL, how much air entered the alveoli when he was standing?
			A)	none of the air reached the alveoli; 0 mL.
			B)	the same as the airway volume; about 150 mL.
			C)	the tidal volume – the airway volume; about 225 mL.
			D)	all of the air that was inhaled; about 400 mL.
4			What happened to the amount of fresh air entering the alveoli when the volunteer lay down and the tidal volume decreased?
			A)	The volume of air entering the alveoli increased.
			B)	The volume of air entering the alveoli decreased.
			C)	The volume of air entering the alveoli did not change.
5			During the breathing cycle, air enters the alveoli and the airways. If the airway volume is 150 mL, how much air entered the alveoli when he was lying down?
			A)	none of the air reached the alveoli; 0 mL.
			B)	the tidal volume – the airway volume; about 150 mL.
			C)	all of the air that was inhaled; about 300 mL.
6			The pressure of a fluid decreases as it travels against gravity. In a standing person the part of the lung with the lowest blood pressure will be:
			A)	at the base of the lung, below the heart.
			B)	in the center of the lung, in line with the heart.
			C)	at the apex of the lung, above the heart.
7			Blood flow through pulmonary capillaries is dependent upon the blood pressure. In a standing individual, therefore, the pulmonary capillaries will most likely be closed:
			A)	at the base of the lung, below the heart.
			B)	in the center of the lung, in line with the heart.
			C)	at the apex of the lung, above the heart.
8			In a person who is lying down, gravity will create the lowest blood pressure:
			A)	at the base of the lung.
			B)	in the center of the lung.
			C)	at the apex of the lung.
			D)	none of the above. The effect of gravity will be less than in a standing person.
9			When lying down, blood pressure is uniform and the capillaries in the lung are open. What happens to the surface area for gas exchange when a person lies down?
			A)	the surface for gas exchange increases when they lie down.
			B)	the surface for gas exchange does not change when they lie down.
			C)	the surface for gas exchange decreases when they lie down.
10			In a person who is lying down, if more capillaries are open the tidal volume will be:
			A)	lower than when standing, because the increased surface area allows more efficient gas exchange.
			B)	the same as when standing, because gravity has no effect on breathing.
			C)	greater than when standing, because more oxygen is needed when you are lying down.