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| 1 | |
All of the following characterized Cretan civilization EXCEPT |
| | A) | it was peaceful. |
| | B) | its wealth came from trade. |
| | C) | women enjoyed relatively high status. |
| | D) | it ruled a wide empire. |
| | E) | it influenced the nearby Greeks in art, religion, and in a system of writing. |
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| 2 | |
Cretan civilization influenced all of the following aspects of Greek civilization EXCEPT |
| | A) | art. |
| | B) | bureaucratic administration. |
| | C) | religion. |
| | D) | writing. |
| | E) | government. |
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| 3 | |
Geography influenced Mycenaean civilization because |
| | A) | mountains divide Greece into many small valleys that led the Greeks to develop independent states. |
| | B) | the country's climate led the Greeks to live close together in a few large settlements. |
| | C) | living in the mountains made the Greeks particularly independent, and thus unwilling to live under kings. |
| | D) | the unstable geology of the region made the Mycenaeans particularly vulnerable to natural disasters. |
| | E) | it required innovation in agricultural techniques. |
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| 4 | |
The Greek Renaissance from 800 to 600 was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | poetry and art broke new frontiers. |
| | B) | the economy expanded. |
| | C) | Mycenaean civilization was restored. |
| | D) | the polis, or independent city-state, emerged. |
| | E) | overseas colonization. |
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| 5 | |
Greek religion was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | the anthropomorphic gods intervened frequently in human affairs. |
| | B) | the religion prescribed rigid standards of moral conduct. |
| | C) | priests and priestesses exercised little political power. |
| | D) | each city had as its one patron god from the pantheon common to all Greeks. |
| | E) | the belief that if people became too arrogant, Nemesis, an avenging force, would sweep down and destroy them. |
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| 6 | |
The Olympic games in ancient Greece were |
| | A) | contests among amateur athletes for honor. |
| | B) | a source of fame and riches for the winners. |
| | C) | held in honor of the goddess Athena. |
| | D) | held once every four years on Mt. Olympus. |
| | E) | tools for building patriotic fervor. |
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| 7 | |
The Greeks coped with population pressures after 750 b.c. by |
| | A) | selling poor farmers into slavery. |
| | B) | exporting people to independent colonies overseas. |
| | C) | establishing colonial empires. |
| | D) | conquering neighboring peoples and driving them from their land. |
| | E) | bringing more arable land under cultivation. |
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| 8 | |
Adoption of an alphabet was important for the ancient Greeks because |
| | A) | it became the basis for later alphabets in both Western and Eastern Europe. |
| | B) | it gave them a decisive advantage in trade over the Phoenicians. |
| | C) | laws could be made readily available, facilitating public involvement in government. |
| | D) | it was used in making monuments to their victories, enhancing the citizens' pride in their cities. |
| | E) | it gave them a monopoly over the means of communication. |
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| 9 | |
Archaic Greek literature was particularly innovative because |
| | A) | Greek authors began to use literature as a form of frank self-expression. |
| | B) | it exalted a benevolent God whose primary concern was ethical conduct among humans. |
| | C) | it was the first literature to use rhymed verse. |
| | D) | it was used to narrate the stories of the gods in their endless struggles against one another. |
| | E) | it passed on a legal code to all corners of the empire. |
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| 10 | |
All of the following are true about the Greek poleis EXCEPT |
| | A) | they were city-states consisting of an urban center and the surrounding farm country. |
| | B) | though originally ruled by kings, by 700 they were dominated by landowning aristocrats. |
| | C) | in the seventh and sixth centuries, ordinary people gained a greater role in government. |
| | D) | at the end of the sixth century tyrants emerged as champions of the traditional aristocracy. |
| | E) | they had large open spaces called the agora that served as a main public square and civic center. |
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| 11 | |
All of the following were true about the economy of the poleis EXCEPT |
| | A) | the primary activity was agriculture. |
| | B) | because of the poor soil, Greeks also engaged in fishing and trade. |
| | C) | slaves played a vital role in the economy. |
| | D) | industry was well advanced, with shops employing 300 or more workers. |
| | E) | a shortage of food was a constant threat to economic stability. |
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| 12 | |
Sparta and Athens differed in all of the following ways EXCEPT |
| | A) | Sparta was a closed, militaristic society, while Athens was a cosmopolitan commercial center. |
| | B) | Sparta's army made it the dominant land power, while Athens's fleet made it the leading sea power. |
| | C) | Sparta pursued an aggressively expansionist policy, while Athens protected other cities' independence. |
| | D) | Sparta was a monarchy, while Athens was a democracy. |
| | E) | Spartan political power was in the hands of an oligarchy while political reforms in Athens broke up the power of the oligarchy. |
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| 13 | |
The Persian King Darius attacked Athens because |
| | A) | it had helped Greek cities in Ionia revolt against his rule. |
| | B) | he coveted the city's trading wealth. |
| | C) | the independent Greek cities posed a critical threat to the survival of his empire. |
| | D) | Athens had seized the city of Marathon from him. |
| | E) | he wanted to move his imperial capital there. |
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| 14 | |
The Greeks won the critical battle of Salamis because |
| | A) | they had raised a bigger army than Persia. |
| | B) | a handful of Spartan soldiers were able to defeat the main Persian force. |
| | C) | Athens had created a powerful fleet. |
| | D) | they captured the Persian king Xerxes through a clever ruse. |
| | E) | spies in the Persian army tipped off their plans. |
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| 15 | |
After successfully leading the Greek resistance to Persia, Athens |
| | A) | concentrated on developing peaceful trade relations around the Aegean Sea. |
| | B) | returned to its perennial isolation. |
| | C) | gradually transformed the Delian League into an empire. |
| | D) | turned on Sparta to secure its primacy in the Greek world. |
| | E) | withdrew from the Delian League and established a new Greek alliance. |
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| 16 | |
All of the following are true of the Athenian statesman Pericles EXCEPT |
| | A) | he secured Athens's dominance of the Greek world. |
| | B) | he sponsored construction of the greatest Greek temple, the Parthenon. |
| | C) | he dominated Athens through its democratic institutions. |
| | D) | he never held high civil office. |
| | E) | he was beloved by the common people of the city. |
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| 17 | |
Athenian policy during the Peloponnesian War was characterized by |
| | A) | careful planning and meticulous execution by cautious professionals. |
| | B) | rash actions advocated by demagogues supported by popular enthusiasm. |
| | C) | scrupulous regard for the rights of neutral powers. |
| | D) | a steadfast refusal to make even temporary truces with the enemy. |
| | E) | lightning attacks on Spartan defensive positions. |
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| 18 | |
The most important consequence of the Peloponnesian War was that |
| | A) | Athens emerged as the undisputed leader of Greece. |
| | B) | Sparta's victory propelled it to lasting domination of Greece. |
| | C) | the war left Greece exhausted and demoralized. |
| | D) | Persia was able to take advantage of Greek divisions to complete its conquest. |
| | E) | Sparta was hopelessly weakened and ceased to play a role in Greek politics. |
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| 19 | |
The supreme achievements of the epic poetic tradition of the Greek Renaissance are the Illiad and the Odyssey ascribed to |
| | A) | Archilochus. |
| | B) | Sophocles. |
| | C) | Pericles. |
| | D) | Hesiod. |
| | E) | Homer. |
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| 20 | |
The first major post-Homeric poet who authored Works and Days was |
| | A) | Homer. |
| | B) | Sophocles |
| | C) | Pericles |
| | D) | Hesiod |
| | E) | Archilochus. |
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