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| 1 | |
Ozone is a form of oxygen that is |
| | A) | monatomic. |
| | B) | diatomic. |
| | C) | triatomic. |
| | D) | tetratomic. |
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| 2 | |
Chemical energy is stored within molecules as |
| | A) | thermal energy. |
| | B) | internal activation energy. |
| | C) | internal potential energy. |
| | D) | kinetic energy of the nucleus. |
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| 3 | |
The outer electrons of an atom that participate in chemical bonding are referred to as what kind of electron? |
| | A) | reactant |
| | B) | valence |
| | C) | net |
| | D) | product |
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| 4 | |
Which of the following represents the most stable outer orbital arrangement of electrons after a chemical reaction? |
| | A) | 1 electron |
| | B) | 3 electrons |
| | C) | 6 electrons |
| | D) | 8 electrons |
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| 5 | |
The element sodium (Na) has how many valence electrons? |
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 2 |
| | C) | 7 |
| | D) | 8 |
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| 6 | |
In a chemical reaction the element sodium (Na) will |
| | A) | lose an electron. |
| | B) | lose two electrons. |
| | C) | gain an electron. |
| | D) | neither gain nor lose electrons. |
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| 7 | |
Ionic bonds are formed when |
| | A) | electrons are transferred from the excited to the ground state. |
| | B) | electrons are transferred from the ground state to the excited state. |
| | C) | electrons are transferred between atoms. |
| | D) | atoms share electrons. |
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| 8 | |
Covalent bonds are formed when |
| | A) | electrons are transferred from the excited to the ground state. |
| | B) | electrons are transferred from the ground state to the excited state. |
| | C) | electrons are transferred between atoms. |
| | D) | atoms share electrons. |
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| 9 | |
The number of atoms in a molecule of ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4, is |
| | A) | 4. |
| | B) | 10. |
| | C) | 14. |
| | D) | 15. |
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| 10 | |
The smallest unit of an element that can exist alone or in combination with other elements is the |
| | A) | atom. |
| | B) | molecule. |
| | C) | ion. |
| | D) | electron. |
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| 11 | |
When the atoms of a metal combine chemically with the atoms of a nonmetal, the nonmetal ions tend to |
| | A) | become positive ions. |
| | B) | remain neutral. |
| | C) | become negative ions. |
| | D) | share electrons. |
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| 12 | |
A crystal grain of potassium chloride is made up of |
| | A) | K- and Cl+ ions. |
| | B) | K+ and Cl- ions. |
| | C) | molecules of KCl. |
| | D) | atoms of K and Cl. |
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| 13 | |
The correct symbol for a magnesium ion is |
| | A) | Mg+ . |
| | B) | Mg- . |
| | C) | Mg2+ . |
| | D) | Mg2- . |
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| 14 | |
The formula of a compound formed when aluminum (Al) combines with oxygen (O) is |
| | A) | AlO. |
| | B) | Al3O2. |
| | C) | Al2O2. |
| | D) | Al2O3. |
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| 15 | |
The sulfate ion is (SO4)2- so the formula for calcium sulfate would be |
| | A) | CaSO4. |
| | B) | Ca2SO4. |
| | C) | Ca2(SO4)2. |
| | D) | Ca2(SO4)3. |
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| 16 | |
The number of oxygen atoms in a molecule of copper(II) phosphate, Cu3(PO4)2, is |
| | A) | 2. |
| | B) | 4. |
| | C) | 6. |
| | D) | 8. |
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| 17 | |
If the absolute difference in electronegativity between two bonded atoms is 2.0, the type of bond is |
| | A) | ionic. |
| | B) | polar covalent. |
| | C) | covalent. |
| | D) | none. |
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| 18 | |
Ionic compounds are usually composed of |
| | A) | two metals. |
| | B) | two nonmetals. |
| | C) | a metal and a nonmetal. |
| | D) | a metal and a semiconductor. |
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| 19 | |
If the correct formula for sodium bicarbonate is NaHCO3, then the formula for calcium bicarbonate would be |
| | A) | CaHCO3. |
| | B) | Ca(HCO3)2. |
| | C) | Ca2HCO3. |
| | D) | CaHCO2. |
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| 20 | |
The formula for the covalent compound of tetraphosphorus trisulfide would be |
| | A) | P3S3. |
| | B) | P3S4. |
| | C) | P4S3. |
| | D) | P4S4. |
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| 21 | |
The most strongly nonpolar liquid of the following is |
| | A) | water. |
| | B) | salt water. |
| | C) | a detergent. |
| | D) | gasoline. |
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| 22 | |
In which of the following crystal types are the bonds the strongest? |
| | A) | covalent |
| | B) | ionic |
| | C) | metallic |
| | D) | molecular |
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| 23 | |
Which of the following is an example of a molecular crystal type? |
| | A) | diamond |
| | B) | common salt (sodium chloride) |
| | C) | copper wire |
| | D) | ice |
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| 24 | |
In which of the following crystal types would you expect to find high thermal conductivity? |
| | A) | covalent |
| | B) | ionic |
| | C) | metallic |
| | D) | molecular |
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| 25 | |
A solute in a solution |
| | A) | can never exceed its solubility. |
| | B) | must always be nonpolar. |
| | C) | can sometimes exceed its solubility, forming a supersaturated solution. |
| | D) | must be a solid when it is not in the solution. |
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| 26 | |
Of the total water supply, the amount that is available for human consumption and agriculture is |
| | A) | less than 1%. |
| | B) | about 3%. |
| | C) | about 50%. |
| | D) | over 97%. |
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| 27 | |
The average daily water use in the United States amounts to about how many liters per day? |
| | A) | 150 |
| | B) | 570 |
| | C) | 1,500 |
| | D) | 5,700 |
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| 28 | |
The two most common ions in seawater are sodium and |
| | A) | calcium. |
| | B) | carbonate. |
| | C) | magnesium. |
| | D) | chlorine. |
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| 29 | |
The average salinity of the earth's oceans is about |
| | A) | 0.35%. |
| | B) | 3.5%. |
| | C) | 35%. |
| | D) | none of these. |
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