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| 1 | |
Asters are |
| | A) | in the mitochondria. |
| | B) | in lysosomes. |
| | C) | arrays of short microtubules that radiate from the poles and may brace the centrioles against the membrane. |
| | D) | attached to ribosomes. |
| | E) | Bridges of microtubules between the centrioles and the opposite poles of the cell. |
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| 2 | |
Spindle fibers first appear during |
| | A) | interphase. |
| | B) | prophase. |
| | C) | metaphase. |
| | D) | anaphase. |
| | E) | telophase. |
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| 3 | |
In which stage are the chromosomes lined up on the equator during mitosis? |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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| 4 | |
During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear membrane disappear and the chromosomes become distinct? |
| | A) | interphase |
| | B) | prophase |
| | C) | metaphase |
| | D) | anaphase |
| | E) | telophase |
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| 5 | |
The process of creating two chromosomes from an original template is termed |
| | A) | transcription. |
| | B) | translation. |
| | C) | duplication. |
| | D) | fission. |
| | E) | replication. |
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| 6 | |
Although all the DNA in a chromosome has been completely replicated after the S phase of the cell cycle, the centromere is a single unit that holds sister chromatids together until after cell division. Which protein holds the sister chromatids together at the centromere region? |
| | A) | Cohesin |
| | B) | Adhesin |
| | C) | Centromerin |
| | D) | Glycolipid |
| | E) | Kinetochore |
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| 7 | |
What would happen if mitosis occurs without cytokinesis? |
| | A) | A multinucleate situation would occur. |
| | B) | The cell would die. |
| | C) | The cell will lose some of its chromosomes. |
| | D) | Cancer is a likely result due to the excessive numbers of genes in the cell. |
| | E) | A new species can arise. |
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| 8 | |
What is the purpose of a "proto-oncogene"? |
| | A) | There's no particular purpose to genes given this name although most are involved in regulating the cell cycle, and if mutated, can give rise to cancer |
| | B) | These are viral genes which can hijack cells into dividing without responding to normal cellular cues. |
| | C) | These are critical genes that ordinarily provide for the well-being of the organism, but gain new functions, if mutated, that create tumors. |
| | D) | They are very ancient genetic signals, and provide for cell nutrition. |
| | E) | Proto-oncogenes are classes of related proteins which all occur sequentially on a chromosome. This allows them to be activated one-after-the-other to make the proteins required for an organism to thrive |
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| 9 | |
Which term best describes how bacteria divide? |
| | A) | Binary fission |
| | B) | Mononuclear fusion |
| | C) | Meiosis |
| | D) | Mitosis |
| | E) | Replication |
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| 10 | |
A visual arrangement of all the chromosomes in a cell is called a |
| | A) | Sister chromatid |
| | B) | Replicon |
| | C) | Karyotype |
| | D) | Mitotic bundle |
| | E) | Divisosome |
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| 11 | |
The cell spends most of its time in the S phase of the cell cycle. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 12 | |
What is the name for the position at which the chromosome is constricted so that the sister chromatids are manipulated as a unit? |
| | A) | Centrosome |
| | B) | Telomere |
| | C) | Kinetochore |
| | D) | Centromere |
| | E) | Cohesion |
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| 13 | |
Why is cell division in plants so different from that in animals? |
| | A) | Plants are unrelated to animals, so they have evolved different ways for their cells to divide. |
| | B) | Animals use their kinetic energy of motion to coax the cells into splitting. |
| | C) | The cell wall around each plant cell prevents constriction of the plasma membrane to cause the cells to divide. |
| | D) | Animal cells lack cellulose, and so a different method of splitting the cells had to be devised. |
| | E) | Organelles won't be properly positioned in plants because they are static, unchanging creatures. |
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| 14 | |
The unrestrained, uncontrolled growth of cells in humans leads to the disease called |
| | A) | lupus. |
| | B) | nondisjunction. |
| | C) | cellular atropy. |
| | D) | cellular degeneration. |
| | E) | cancer. |
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| 15 | |
The loss of function of these genes can cause cancer |
| | A) | Proto-oncogenes |
| | B) | Tumor-suppressor |
| | C) | Tumor-promotor |
| | D) | Oncogenes |
| | E) | rRNA genes |
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