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| 1 | |
What do cellulose and glycogen have in common? |
| | A) | Nothing. |
| | B) | They are both found only in plants. |
| | C) | They are both polysaccharides. |
| | D) | They are both monosaccharides. |
| | E) | They are both muscle sugars |
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| 2 | |
A double-stranded molecule that encodes genetic information is |
| | A) | DNA. |
| | B) | RNA. |
| | C) | a nucleotide. |
| | D) | a base. |
| | E) | Cellulose |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following monomers is NOT correctly matched with an appropriate corresponding polymer? |
| | A) | amino acid—starch |
| | B) | nucleotide—DNA |
| | C) | monosaccharide—glycogen |
| | D) | nucleotide—RNA |
| | E) | all of these are correctly matched. |
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| 4 | |
Why is carbon so important in biological systems? |
| | A) | Carbon can form long covalently bonded chains which can incorporate many other atoms. |
| | B) | Carbon obeys different laws of chemistry than most other chemicals. |
| | C) | Of all the elements, only carbon has 4 valence electrons. |
| | D) | Carbon has the unique ability to form double bonds with other carbon atoms. |
| | E) | Carbon is the most abundant type of atom on Earth. |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following best fits the category of "polysaccharide"? |
| | A) | glucose |
| | B) | cellulose |
| | C) | maltose |
| | D) | sucrose |
| | E) | galactose |
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| 6 | |
All biologically significant nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides held together with phosphodiester bonds. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following is not a biological function that can be provided by some type of protein? |
| | A) | Support |
| | B) | Motion |
| | C) | Defense |
| | D) | There are proteins which can provide each of the above functions. |
| | E) | Proteins do not perform these functions. |
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| 8 | |
Lipids are typically dominated by nonpolar covalent bonds. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 9 | |
Which of these is a true difference between starch and cellulose? |
| | A) | Starch is produced only by plant cells, and cellulose is produced only by animal cells. |
| | B) | Cellulose forms long filaments, and starch is highly branched. |
| | C) | Starch is insoluble, and cellulose is soluble. |
| | D) | They are composed of different monomers. |
| | E) | Starch is a disaccharide and cellulose is a polysaccharide. |
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| 10 | |
Which of these are monomers of proteins? |
| | A) | Monosaccharides |
| | B) | Nucleotides |
| | C) | Amino acids |
| | D) | Fatty acids |
| | E) | glycerol |
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| 11 | |
A triglyceride is a form of _______ composed of ___________. |
| | A) | lipid; fatty acids and glucose |
| | B) | lipid; fatty acids and glycerol |
| | C) | carbohydrate; fatty acids |
| | D) | lipid; cholesterol |
| | E) | protein; amino acids |
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| 12 | |
Why are carbohydrates important for energy storage? |
| | A) | The double bond between carbon and oxygen are very strong. |
| | B) | The electronegativity of the oxygen atoms means that a carbohydrate is made up of many polar bonds. |
| | C) | They can form ring structures in the aqueous environment of a cell. |
| | D) | Carbohydrates are NOT important molecules for energy storage. |
| | E) | The covalent C–H bonds found in carbohydrates store energy. |
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| 13 | |
Isomeric differences in carbohydrates often account for substantial functional differences. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 14 | |
Which of these is NOT an important biological carbohydrate? |
| | A) | Starch |
| | B) | Glycogen |
| | C) | Cellulose |
| | D) | Chitin |
| | E) | Myoglobin |
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| 15 | |
Which of these is NOT true of the five chemical classes of amino acids, based on their R group? |
| | A) | Nonpolar amino acids, such as leucine, often have R groups that contain —CH2 or —CH3. |
| | B) | Polar uncharged amino acids, such as threonine, have R groups that contain oxygen (or —OH). |
| | C) | Charged amino acids, such as glutamic acid, have R groups that contain acids or bases that can ionize. |
| | D) | Aromatic amino acids, such as phenylalanine, have R groups that contain an organic (carbon) ring with alternating single and double bonds. |
| | E) | Amino acids that have special functions have similar properties. |
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