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| 1 | |
What are the four principal features that characterize the chordates? |
| | A) | nerve chord, notochord, pharyngeal slits, gills |
| | B) | segmentation, lungs, postanal tail, nerve chord |
| | C) | nerve chord, notochord, pharyngeal slits, postanal tail |
| | D) | nerve chord, segmentation, pharyngeal slits, postanal tail |
| | E) | vertebral column, notochord, pharyngeal slits, postanal tail |
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| 2 | |
What are the nearest relatives of the chordates? |
| | A) | the deuterostomes |
| | B) | the protostomes |
| | C) | the echinoderms |
| | D) | the urochordates |
| | E) | the cephalopods |
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| 3 | |
Tunicates are chordates but are very different from the other two subphyla. What features associated them with the other chordates? |
| | A) | possession of a cellulose coat or tunic |
| | B) | radial symmetry |
| | C) | segmentation |
| | D) | larval characteristics |
| | E) | gills |
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| 4 | |
What adaptation(s) of the bony fishes probably led to them becoming the dominant group of fish? |
| | A) | their internal skeleton made of bone |
| | B) | evolution of the swim bladder and gill cover |
| | C) | evolution of a hinged jaw |
| | D) | evolution of fins for efficient swimming |
| | E) | two of these are correct. |
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| 5 | |
What major factor(s) led to the amphibians being replaced as the dominant land vertebrate? |
| | A) | mass extinction at the end of the Permian period |
| | B) | mass extinction at the end of the Jurassic period |
| | C) | competition from therapsid reptiles |
| | D) | global warming |
| | E) | mass extinction at the end of the Permian period and competition from therapsid reptiles |
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| 6 | |
What improvements do reptiles show over fish and amphibians? |
| | A) | endothermy |
| | B) | a more efficient circulatory system |
| | C) | the evolution of a thicker skull |
| | D) | reproduction in water |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 7 | |
True or False: Feathers probably first evolved for flight. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 8 | |
The defining characteristics of mammals are: |
| | A) | a large brain, mammary glands, and hair. |
| | B) | a large brain, endothermy, and hair. |
| | C) | endothermy, mammary glands, and hair. |
| | D) | hair, ectothermy, and mammary glands. |
| | E) | binocular vision, hair, and mammary glands. |
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| 9 | |
What marks the beginning of the hominids? |
| | A) | increased brain size |
| | B) | bipedalism |
| | C) | binocular vision |
| | D) | opposable thumb |
| | E) | tool use |
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| 10 | |
What feature(s) of the tunicates is/are unique to this subphylum? |
| | A) | symbiotic algae |
| | B) | segmentation |
| | C) | possession of a cellulose coat |
| | D) | some are colonial |
| | E) | two of these are correct |
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| 11 | |
The major reasons for the success of the vertebrates was: |
| | A) | the development of a distinct head. |
| | B) | the invasion of the land. |
| | C) | the protection of the nerve chord by the vertebral column. |
| | D) | the existence of a closed circulatory system. |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 12 | |
What feature(s) found in most of the fishes probably led to their great success as vertebrates? |
| | A) | internal gills |
| | B) | covering of scales |
| | C) | evolution of a hinged jaw |
| | D) | evolution of fins for efficient swimming |
| | E) | both a and c |
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| 13 | |
What was the most important key evolutionary advance that allowed the reptiles to live in a variety of habitats? |
| | A) | The evolution of stronger legs. |
| | B) | The evolution of dry skin. |
| | C) | The evolution of the amniotic egg. |
| | D) | The evolution of thoracic breathing. |
| | E) | The evolution of a thicker skull. |
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| 14 | |
Among living animals feathers are unique to birds. However, birds share the following feature(s) with reptiles: |
| | A) | hollow bones |
| | B) | many fused bones |
| | C) | air sacs |
| | D) | scales |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 15 | |
Primates have two evolutionary innovations that allowed them to succeed as tree-dwelling insectivores. These are: |
| | A) | endothermy, hair |
| | B) | nocturnal vision, grasping fingers and toes |
| | C) | binocular vision, prehensile tails |
| | D) | binocular vision, grasping fingers and toes |
| | E) | nocturnal vision, prehensile tails |
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